沙柳材重组木的研制

以沙柳材为原料研制沙柳材重组木,并采用正交试验方法探讨了沙柳材重组木的热压压力、热压时间、热压温度以及施胶量等条件对产品性能的影响,得出实验室较佳的工艺参数。     

沙柳材重组木——沙生灌木的又一有效利用途径

沙柳材重组木SalixmongoliaScrimber开辟了沙生灌木的又一有效利用途径,它是将内蒙古自治区西部地区的沙柳材经辗压、干燥、施胶、铺装成型、热压及后期处理等工序而获得的一种新型结构材料。本文简单介绍了沙柳材重组木的加工工艺,针对沙柳材的生长特性和沙柳材重组木的加工特点和优良性质,分析探讨了开发研制沙柳材重组木的重要意义及其发展前景。     

木束形态对沙柳材重组木性能的影响

以沙柳材为原料,在沙柳材重组木制造关键参数正交试验的基础上,探讨了沙柳(Salix mongolica)材重组木木束形态对产品物理力学性能的影响,以及实验室条件下制造沙柳材重组木的较佳木束形态.     

蓝变杨木重组木尺寸稳定性及胶合界面微观表征

为了考查杨木蓝变对重组木尺寸稳定性的影响,以蓝变端部材(LD)、蓝变中部材(LM)、普通端部材(PD)、普通中部材(PZ)4组重组木为研究对象,对比了4组重组木尺寸稳定性的差异,并运用胶合界面荧光显微分析探讨了这种差异的原因。结果表明,4组重组木的纵向湿胀率和干缩率均小于0.50%,LD、LM的宽度湿胀率和干缩率在0.50%～2.40%之间,PZ、PD在1.50%～2.90%之间;LD、LM厚度湿胀率和干缩率为2.00%～5.00%,PZ、PD为3.30%～6.80%。4组重组木的胶层百分比从大到小依次为LM(79.81%)、LD(59.83%)、PZ(47.42%)、PD(39.36%)。当胶合强度一定时,胶层面积百分比与湿胀率成负相关,蓝变重组木的尺寸稳定性最好。     

家具用重组竹干缩与湿胀性能研究

重组竹是一种新型的可替代硬阔叶材的结构材.对重组竹用于家具制造的干缩与湿胀性进行了研究,结果表明:重组竹的干缩湿胀率均表现出很强的方向性,表现为宽度最大,厚度次之,纵向最小.重组竹出厂时应标明热压时的压制方向,以利用于家具用材加工时进行各方向上加工余量的确定.重组竹干缩系数与柚木相近.在相同近密度下,比几种常见家具木材麻栎等的干缩系数要小,这表明重组竹适于用作家具制造用材.     

国外两种重组木生产线介绍

前言为充分合理利用木质原料的原有特性,人们设想在不打乱原来木质纤维排列方向、保留木材基本性能的前提下,设计和开发出一种类似天然木材的产品—重组木。就是将枝桠材、小径材解离成通长的、相互交联并保持原有纤维排列方向和特性的疏松网状木纤维束,然后经干燥、施胶、组坯成型、     

霍普金森试验下沙柳顺纹动态力学特性分析

为研究沙柳顺纹方向的动态力学特性,利用分离式霍普金森压杆试验技术对沙柳顺纹浸泡材、生材和气干材的动态力学性能进行研究,分析应变率效应对试件动态力学性能的影响。将不同类型的沙柳顺纹试件在平均应变率为300,500和800 s-1条件下的动态屈服应力进行了比较并分析了原因,阐述了沙柳顺纹试件在动态压缩试验中的阶段特性,得到了3组试件分别在不同平均应变率条件下的破坏形态并分析了其形成原因。对试验结果分析后发现,沙柳顺纹方向具有较明显的应变率效应。在同一平均应变率条件下,沙柳顺纹材的动态屈服应力依次为浸泡材生材气干材。沙柳顺纹方向的动态应力-应变响应特性可分为弹性变形、塑性坍塌和失稳压溃3个阶段。3组沙柳顺纹试件在较高平均应变率的冲击载荷作用下均被压溃形成细小的片状碎屑,但是由于浸泡材和生材中的水分与纤维之间的摩擦力作用,使这两组试件中的细小片状碎屑仍黏在一起,未出现散落现象。     

预压缩处理施胶技术提高杨木重组木尺寸稳定性的研究

高性能重组木制造技术可将速生材制造成具有高强度和天然木材纹理结构的新型木材,从而提高速生材的附加值.然而,采用此技术制备的重组木虽然尺寸稳定性显著高于传统工艺制备的重组木,但是仍不能满足室外用材的需求.为提高室外用重组木的尺寸稳定性,采用预压缩处理施胶技术对木单板施胶后制备高性能重组木,通过扫描电镜、压汞仪、激光共聚焦...     

沙柳材物理力学性能及其测试方法的研究

目前小径材物理力学性能的测试还没有相应的国家标准,通过对沙柳材的物理力学性质的测试以探讨灌木的测试方法.试验结果表明:沙柳生材的含水率为62.7％;径向全干缩率6.1％,弦向全干缩率10.4％,体积全干缩率17.86％;基本密度0.497g/cm3,气干密度为0,675g/cm3,属于中级;顺纹抗压强度为76.74MPa,属于高级;顺纹抗剪强度为8.35MPa;抗弯强度为126.6MPa,高于木材平均值;硬度2 086.5N;抗劈力14.08N/mm.     

混凝土模板用沙柳重组复合板的制备工艺

以三层结构的沙柳重组材为基材,用单板-酚醛树脂浸清纸或浸清酚醛树脂的硬质纤维板为覆面材料,制备沙柳重组复合混凝土模板.试验结果表明,在施胶量12%、热压温度160℃、热压时间0.9 min/mm的条件下制备基材,经过贴面处理,2种结构的复合板的耐水性比基材显著增强,纵向静曲强度和弹性模量降低,横向静曲强度和弹性模量提高,主要性能接近混凝土模板相关标准要求.     

Factors affecting the resinification of liquefied phenolated wood

Wood of Chinese fir and poplar were liquefied in phenol at 150℃ and atmospheric pressure. The liquefied wood were reacted with formaldehyde to synthesize the liquefied wood-based resin. The factors affecting the resinification and the properties of new resin were investigated. The results show that the formaldehyde/liquefied wood molar ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time and sodium hydroxide/liquefied wood molar ratio have important influence on the resin characteristics. With the increase of formaldehyde/liquefied wood molar ratio, the yield of resin increases, and the flee phenol content of resins decreases, showing that the resinification of liquefied wood is more complete at higher formaldehyde/liquefied wood molar ratios. The reaction temperature on the viscosity of the liquefied resin has considerable effect; the viscosity of resin increased with increasing reaction temperature, and the amount of liquefied poplar resin increased more quickly than that of liquefied Chinese fir resin. The resinification time also has obvious influence on the viscosity of resin; the viscosity of liquefied poplar resin is more sensitive to resinification time compared with that of liquefied Chinese fir. The amount of sodium hydroxide can improve the water miscibility of liquefied wood resin. The optimum sodium hydroxide/liquefied wood molar ratio for preparation of liquefied wood-based resins exceeds 0.4.     

柳杉木材干缩性能指标研究

本文测定了长岭岗林场不同立地条件下23a生柳杉人工林的木材干缩性能指标，进行了不同立地条件下各指标的差异性的F检验。结果表明：在不同立地条件下，柳杉全干径向干缩率和全干体积干缩率存在显著差异(0=0．05)，立地对全干弦向干缩率、差异干缩以及气干干缩指标影响不显著；土层较厚，柳杉干缩率越高，差异干缩则越低。得出了该场柳杉林分木材干缩性能指标的平均水平。     

人工林木材的苯酚液化及树脂化研究Ⅱ.液化木基酚醛树脂的制备和性能表征

研究液化产物树脂化合成工艺,表征液化木基酚醛树脂的物化性质,评价树脂的胶合强度和木破率.结果表明,采用一次缩聚的投料方式能简化操作工艺,缩短合成时间.木材液化产物中残渣的过滤与否,对树脂性能有一定程度的影响:残渣含量高时,影响较大;残渣含量低时,影响较小.当甲醛与苯酚的量比为1.5和1.8时,利用含11.0%残渣的杉木液化产物和含16.5%残渣的杨木液化产物,制备了性能优良的酚醛树脂.     

聚乙烯醇缩甲醛胶对杉木木材的物理与力学性能的影响

对杉木素材与聚乙烯醇缩甲醛浸渍处理材的物理与力学性能进行了对比研究,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了改性剂在木材中的分布情况。结果表明:随着改性剂浓度的提高,改性材的气干密度和抗缩系数均逐渐提高,气干密度最大可达0.4 g/cm3,提高了5.7%,抗缩系数最大提高了18.8%;改性材的吸水率逐渐下降,最多下降了21.1%;当改性剂浓度为30%时,改性材的破坏极限和弹性模量分别提高了6.7%和35.3%;当改性剂浓度为15%时,静曲强度下降了9.9%。SEM结果表明,改性剂填充于部分木射线以及交错纤维间的空隙中。     

环氧树脂/木质碎料复合材料力学性能

以环氧树脂为胶结材料、不同类型的砂和木质碎料作为集料,利用平板振捣器,采用振实法制备了树脂基木质碎料复合材料.分析环氧树脂用量、木质碎料用量以及砂类型对树脂基木质碎料复合材料的抗折、抗压强度的影响规律.结果表明:试件的最大抗压、抗折强度分别可达5.74和17.16 MPa;在相同胶集比下,试件强度随着木质碎料掺入量的增...     

马尾松速生材的表面强化工艺研究

对马尾松速生材汽蒸预处理后,热压干燥至一定的中间含水率,再用不同的树脂进行表面强化改性处理.考虑到汽蒸处理时间、热压温度、压力、涂胶前木材的含水率、胶的种类、涂胶量对木材的横纹抗压强度(全部)、表面硬度及耐磨性等质量指标有不同的影响,分别以它们为单一质量评价指标进行分析,最后综合各因素评选出了相应的最佳工艺.     

Measurement of urea-formaldehyde resin distribution as a function of MDF fiber size by laser scanning microscopy

A technique has been developed to show the extent of the distribution of the adhesive on the fiber surface. This involves treatment of the resinated fibers with the dye Toluidine blue O, to quench the autofluorescence of the wood materials, to show only the fluorescence of the UF resin in the presence of the dye. The results indicate that this method is a simple and practical way to understand UF resin coverage on wood fibers. With image analysis, the adhesive has been shown to cover a small percentage (3.5%) of the fiber surface, although the percent by weight (based on wood fiber) of resin is much more (13%). The fiber size strongly affects the resin coverage ratio and the chance to collect resin droplets, but it is not significant in the resin-droplets size distribution. Decreasing the proportion of shorter fibers is beneficial in improving resin coverage uniformity. A model for calculating the resin-coverage ratio was developed. The resin coverage is about 4.8% for the resin content of 13% by the model.     

竹木复合积成材生产工艺研究

以杉木制材边皮经梳解获得的木束条和刨切薄竹过程中产生的废料为原料,选用酚醛树脂胶黏剂,探讨竹木复合积成材生产工艺及各因素对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,随着竹片废料用量的增加,竹木复合积成材的各项性能均有不同程度的提高;竹木混杂比、木束条粗细及比例和板密度对积成材静曲强度和弹性模量的影响较大;木束条施胶量对积成材吸水厚度膨胀率和内结合强度的影响较大。     

Reducing resin content and board density without adversely affecting the mechanical properties of particleboard through controlling particle size

Density and resin content are two factors that have a signifi- cant effect on the production cost of wood composite. However, particle size affects resin content and density, which suggests that the interaction of these three factors can be manipulated to reduce the board density and resin content of particleboard without adversely influencing its mechani- cal properties. Some mathematical functional forms based on resin con- tent, board density and slenderness ratio were regressed and an appropri- ate form was chosen. According to analysis of the results using SHA- ZAM 9 software, the exponential function best fit the experimental data. Finally, "indifference curves" of mechanical properties were illustrated and analyzed. The results indicated that negative effects of density or resin content reduction on mechanical properties could be compensated for by controlling particles’ slenderness ratio. Interestingly, increases in slenderness ratio compensated for the negative effects of decreases in resin content or board density on module of rupture (MOR) and module of elasticity (MOE). Moreover, this "compensation ratio" intensified as resin content or density decreased and/or as the MOR or MOE increased. On the other hand, reduction in slenderness ratio indicated a comple- mentary effect on reducing internal bond (IB) strength, a result of de- creases in resin content or density. Moreover, this "complementary ratio" was intensified as resin content or density decreased and/or as IB strength increased.     

红壳竹人工林竹材物理力学性质的研究

测试了红壳竹人工林竹材的物理力学性质。结果表明：竹龄对红壳竹竹材的物理力学性质有显著的影响；竹材的径向、弦向、体积全干缩率随竹龄增加逐渐减少；基本密度、顺纹抗压强度、顺纹抗拉强度和抗弯强度都随竹龄增加而提高，至5－6年生强度稳定在较高的水平上，竹午由下至上，含水率、体积全干缩率逐渐减少；维管束密度、基本密度及力学强度相应提高。