烟嘧磺隆·莠去津可湿性粉剂对夏玉米田杂草的防除效果

采用随机区组设计,比较52%烟嘧磺隆·莠去津可湿性粉剂不同施药剂量对夏玉米田杂草的防除效果及其对夏玉米产量和安全性的影响。结果表明,52%烟嘧磺隆·莠去津可湿性粉剂1.50～2.25kg/hm2对北方夏玉米田主要阔叶杂草和禾本科杂草药后15～30d的株防效和鲜质量防效均达95%以上,夏玉米产量比清水对照增加1.9%～4.7%,并且其对夏玉米安全,说明该药剂是防除夏玉米田主要杂草较理想的除草剂,适宜施药期为玉米3～5叶期、杂草2～3叶期。     

52%烟嘧磺隆·莠去津可湿性粉剂防除夏玉米田一年生杂草药效试验

采用52%烟嘧磺隆·莠去津可湿性粉剂对玉米田一年生杂草进行防除试验,并观察其对作物的安全性。结果表明,52%烟嘧磺隆·莠去津可湿性粉剂对夏玉米田一年生杂草防除效果好、杀草谱广,且对作物生长安全。     

鲁西北地区5种除草剂防除玉米田杂草的田间药效

[目的]明确鲁西北地区5种除草剂对玉米田杂草的防除效果。[方法]采用茎叶喷雾施药,通过田间药效试验研究75%烟嘧磺隆水分散粒剂、20%硝磺草酮可分散油悬浮剂、70%氨唑草酮水分散粒剂、48%硝磺草酮·莠去津可湿性粉剂和52%烟嘧磺隆·莠去津可湿性粉剂对玉米田杂草的防效及对玉米的安全性。[结果]5种药剂都能够有效地防除玉米田杂草并对玉米具有较好的安全性。[结论]试验结果为5种除草剂的大面积推广应用提供了理论依据。     

51%烟嘧磺隆·莠去津WP防除玉米田杂草的效果

进行了51%烟嘧磺隆·莠去津WP防除玉米田杂草的试验研究。结果表明:51%烟嘧磺隆·莠去津WP能有效防除玉米田马唐等禾本科杂草及马齿苋、铁苋菜等阔叶杂草。有效成分用量765 g/hm~2药后45 d,对马唐的鲜重防效达97.14%;对马齿苋的鲜重防效为97.60%;对铁苋菜鲜重防效为95.83%;对全草的鲜重防效为96.95%。51%烟嘧磺隆·莠去津WP是目前防除玉米田杂草的理想除草剂,其有效成分用量1530 g/hm~2对玉米安全。     

52%吡嘧·二氯喹可湿性粉剂防除水稻移栽田一年生杂草试验研究

在水稻移栽田进行试验研究,结果表明:52%吡嘧·二氯喹可湿性粉剂防除水稻移栽田一年生杂草的有效成分适宜剂量为312~390 g/hm2;在水稻移栽后7~15 d、稗草二至三叶期施药,全草株防效可达94.5%~96.5%,与对照药剂10%吡嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂、50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂的防效差异极显著。     

5种玉米茎叶除草剂田间药效试验

为筛选出玉米田杂草防除效果好的茎叶处理除草剂,减少因杂草造成的玉米产量损失,选用20%硝磺草酮可分散油悬浮剂、40 g/L烟嘧磺隆可分散油悬浮剂,200 g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯乳油、80%烟嘧·莠去津可湿性粉剂、30%烟嘧·莠·氯吡可分散油悬浮剂5种玉米茎叶除草剂进行田间药效试验。结果表明：80%烟嘧·莠去津可湿性粉剂、30%烟嘧·莠·氯吡可分散油悬浮剂对玉米田阔叶杂草和禾本科杂草均具有较高的防效,是玉米田理想的除草剂。     

烟嘧磺隆及其与莠去津复配制剂防除玉米田杂草试验

田间测定了国产4%烟嘧磺隆SC和20.5%烟嘧磺隆.莠去津SC对玉米田杂草的防除效果。结果表明,在玉米田杂草3~6叶期茎叶喷雾处理,4%烟嘧磺隆SC单用对玉米田杂草马唐、稗草、反枝苋及马齿苋均有较好的防除效果,对铁苋菜、苘麻的株防效较差;而烟嘧磺隆与莠去津的复配制剂20.5%烟嘧磺隆.莠去津SC对试验田所有杂草均有较好的防效。     

80%莠去津可湿性粉剂防除夏玉米田杂草试验简报

笔者研究了80%莠去津可湿性粉剂对夏玉米田杂草的田间防除效果,结果表明,80%莠去津可湿性粉剂对夏玉米田的禾本科杂草、蔊菜、铁苋菜、马齿苋、小藜、苦苣菜均有很好的防效,且随用药量的增加而提高。建议在杂草萌发高峰前用药,每667m2推荐用量为100～120g。     

烟嘧磺隆及其混配防除玉米田杂草试验

试验4%烟嘧磺隆SC单剂及其4%烟嘧磺隆SC+38%莠去津SC、4%烟嘧磺隆SC+2,4-D丁酯、4%烟嘧磺隆SC+56%二甲四氯可溶粉剂、4%烟嘧磺隆SC+10%磺草酮可分散油悬浮剂混用对玉米田杂草的防效。结果表明,各个处理中,4%烟嘧磺隆SC750mL/hm2+10%磺草酮可分散油悬浮剂750mL/hm2的目测防效、株防效最高,增产效果好,综合各指标显示此处理防除田间杂草效果最好,且安全性高。     

47%莠去津·乙草胺·烟嘧磺隆悬浮剂防除玉米田杂草田间药效试验

采用田间小区试验方法,对47%莠去津·乙草胺·烟嘧磺隆悬浮剂苗后茎叶处理防除玉米田杂草进行药效试验。结果表明,47%莠去津.乙草胺.烟嘧磺隆悬浮剂对玉米田单、双子叶杂草均有较高防效,施药后45 d株防效为87.51%～93.58%,鲜重防效为87.29%～92.04%,随使用剂量增加,药效逐渐提高,而且对玉米生长发育无不良影响,产量与人工除草相当。     

绿·乙·莠对玉米的安全性及除草效果

田间测定了氯·乙·莠对玉米的安全性及其除草效果,结果表明,40%氯·乙·莠可湿性粉剂3375～3750g/hm2防除玉米田禾本科杂草稗草、狗尾草、马唐效果较好,株防效为74.4%～99.2%;对阔叶杂草中的反枝苋也有很好的效果,株防效为91.4%～100%。在推荐剂量下,氯·乙·莠防除玉米田杂草对玉米安全,且有显著的增产作用,比空白对照增产9.9%～16.2%。     

玉米地化学除草药效试验

选用50%莠去津WP 4个不同施用浓度,对玉米地一年生杂草和多年生杂草进行药效试验,探索不同浓度的防除效果。结果表明:4种不同浓度对玉米地杂草的防除效果以250 g/667m2防效最佳,其次是200 g/667m2。化学除草取代人工除草,可减轻农民的劳动强度,提高劳动生产率,在农业生产中具有推广价值。     

关中硬茬直播夏玉米田杂草发生规律及化学防除研究

采用倒置"W"九点取样法,对陕西关中10个县区40个乡镇120块硬茬直播夏玉米田杂草定点取样调查。结果表明,关中硬茬直播夏玉米田杂草种类主要有12科21属22种。根据杂草的分布特点,将关中硬茬直播夏玉米区划分为4个杂草区域,各区域杂草的出苗状况一致,玉米播种后6d,各种杂草陆续出土,6~24d为杂草的发生高峰期,至播种后30d(玉米3~4叶期)时出土杂草已占玉米全生育期杂草总数的93%以上。以硝磺草酮、莠去津和烟嘧磺隆为试材,分别在夏玉米生长的3~4叶期、5~6叶期和8~9叶期用药,结果显示,相同剂量同一药剂处理在玉米生长的不同时期喷雾,其防效大小存在显著性差异,3~4叶期用药综合效果最佳。烟嘧磺隆安全性试验证实,夏玉米3~4叶期用药最为安全。     

Control Effect of 80% Nicosulfuron·Atrazine Water-dispersible Granules on Weeds in Spring Maize Field

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the control effect of different concentrations of 80% nicosulfuron·atrazine water-dispersible granules on weeds in spring maize field. [Method] Maize field was sprayed with 300, 375, 450, 750 g/hm280% nicosulfuron·atrazine water-dispersible granules respectively, with 40 g/L nicosulfuron suspending concentrate and 38% atrazine suspending concentrate as control agents. Artificial weeding and control(CK) plots were set. [Result] Fresh weight control efficiency of 375-750 g/hm280% nicosulfuron·atrazine water-dispersible granules was significantly higher than that of 40 g/L nicosulfuron suspending concentrate and 38% atrazine suspending concentrate; no obvious phytotoxicity symptoms were observed after application of 300-450 g/hm280% nicosulfuron·atrazine waterdispersible granules; 750 g/hm280% nicosulfuron·atrazine water-dispersible granules posed certain impact on the growth of maize seedlings. Compared with control plots, various doses of 80% nicosulfuron·atrazine water-dispersible granules significantly improved the yield of maize. [Conclusion] In the present study, 375-450 g/hm280% nicosulfuron·atrazine water-dispersible granules exhibited high control effect on weeds in maize field and were safe for the growth of maize seedlings.     

80%烟嘧磺隆·莠去津水分散粒剂防除春玉米田杂草药效试验

对80%烟嘧磺·莠去津水分散粒剂在春玉米苗2～5叶期对田间杂草防效进行了试验研究。结果表明：该药剂对春玉米田间禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草均具有较好的防除效果,且对玉米生长安全。在20～50g/667m2剂量下,药后20d对一年生禾本科、阔叶杂草的株防效可达70.63%～92.13%,40d鲜重防效达71.55%～94.67%,增产13.04%～16.74%。     

春播玉米田杂草化学防除药效筛选及其安全性评价

目的 研究田间除草剂药效试验及其安全性,筛选出高效化学除草剂,并对其安全性进行评价,为新疆春播玉米田科学除草提供依据。方法 采用田间小区试验,对8种除草剂不同时期的株防效和鲜重防效及其对玉米苗期安全性进行了评价。结果 各封闭处理中,38%莠去津(金秋)SC 1 500 mL/hm²和38.5%硝·精·莠去津(卢迈克斯)CS 6 000 mL/hm²对总草的防效较为理想,其在施药后30 、45 d的株防效、鲜重防效依次达到74.29%、61.95%、62.50%、61.39%和74.29%、62.48%、62.50%、60.88%;茎叶处理中,40 g/L烟嘧磺隆(精品大捷)OD 1 200 mL/hm²对总草的防效最好,其在施药后30、45 d的株防效、鲜重防效达85.71%、83.18%、59.38%、64.78%,其次是28%硝·烟·莠去津(金大捷)OD 2 700 mL/hm²,其在施药后30、45 d的株防效、鲜重防效分别为80.00%、79.41%、50.00%、56.06%,24%硝磺·烟·莠(玉彩)OD 2 700 mL/hm²和50%氯吡·硝·烟嘧(苞鑫)WG 450 g/hm²的防效也较为理想。30%苯唑草酮(苞卫)SC 225 mL/hm²的防效最差,其在30 和45 d的株防效、鲜重防效仅为60.00%、56.07%和21.88%、41.73%。结论 在生产上安全高效防除玉米杂草的除草剂种类及施药量为,封闭处理:38%莠去津(金秋)SC 1 500 mL/hm²、38.5%硝·精·莠去津(卢迈克斯)CS 6 000 mL/hm²,茎叶处理:40 g/L烟嘧磺隆(精品大捷)OD 1 200 mL/hm²、28%硝·烟·莠去津(金大捷)OD 2 700 mL/hm²、24%硝磺·烟·莠(玉彩)OD 2 700 mL/hm²和50%氯吡·硝·烟嘧(苞鑫)WG 450 g/hm²。     

Effects of Different Herbicides on Maize Growth and Weed Control in Maize Fields

Effects of four herbicides(paraquat, acetochlor, nicosulfuron and atrazine) on the growth of maize and control effect of plant quantity and fresh weight of weeds were studied. The results showed that 15 days after spraying the herbicides on weeds,the prevention and control effect of paraquat on weeds was the optimum, and its effects on the plant quantity and fresh weight of weeds were above 81.57%; the prevention and control effect of acetochlor on weeds was the second best; the prevention and control effect of atrazine on weeds was the worst, and its effects on the plant quantity and fresh weight of weeds were only 51.04% and 37.86%. After 30 or 45 days, the prevention and control effect of atrazine and nicosulfuron on weeds in the maize fields was better than the other herbicides, and their effects on the plant quantity and fresh weight of weeds were higher than 70.00% and 85.00%. Acetochlor and paraquat had certain phytotoxicity to the growth of maize after about 15 days, and its leaves became yellow and grew slowly. On the whole, nicosulfuron had good prevention and control effect on weeds and had no phytotoxicity to the growth of maize.