Mandibular Adamantinoma in a Horse Radical Surgical Treatment

An 11-year-old, throughbred stallion was examined for a small, firm swelling on the right mandible. During the following 4 weeks, the swelling markedly increased in size. An adamantinoma was diagnosed on histopathologic examination. Surgical treatment was "enblock" resection of the tumor and associated mandible, cryosurgery, and stabilization with both internal and external orthopedic fixation devices. The horse recovered from surgery, and for the past year has been a useful breeding stallion.     

Cholelithiasis in a cat

A 4-year-old cat was examined because of anorexia and lethargy. The cat became icteric within 3 days of admission. Values for aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and cholesterol were higher than normal. Radiography revealed hepatomegaly, with loss of detail in the cranioventral portion of the abdomen. Further diagnostic procedures were not permitted, and the cat was euthanatized. At necropsy, cholecystitis, cholangitis, and numerous choleliths were found. Cholelithiasis is a rare cause of obstructive jaundice in the cat.     

Hyperadrenocorticism in a cat

A diabetic cat with hyperadrenocorticism had polydipsia, polyuria, ventral abdominal alopecia, thin dry skin, and a pendulous abdomen. Results of laboratory testing indicated persistent resting hypercortisolemia, hyperresponsiveness of the adrenal glands (increased cortisol concentration) to ACTH gel, and no suppression of cortisol concentrations after administration of dexamethasone at 0.01 or 1.0 mg/kg of body weight. Necropsy revealed a pituitary gland tumor, bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, hepatic neoplasia, and demodicosis. Adrenal gland function was concurrently assessed in 2 cats with diabetes mellitus. One cat had resting hypercortisolemia, and both had hyperresponsiveness to ACTH gel (increased cortisol concentration) at one hour. After administration of dexamethasone (0.01 and 1.0 mg/kg), the diabetic cats appeared to have normal suppression of cortisol concentrations. The effects of mitotane were investigated in 4 clinically normal cats. Adrenocortical suppression of cortisol production occurred in 2 of 4 cats after dosages of 25, 37, and 50 mg/kg. Three cats remained clinically normal throughout the study. One cat experienced vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia.     

Staphyloma in a cat

A unilateral scleral staphyloma in an 18-month-old, female spayed Domestic Short-haired cat was treated with excision, primary closure and fascial graft. Other ocular abnormalities noted on examination included iris coloboma, anterior cortical cataract, focal lens equator flattening and retinal dysplasia. The staphyloma was presumed to be congenital in origin.     

Hepatoblastoma in a cat

Hepatoblastomas are neoplasms that originate from putative pluripotential stem cells of the liver. A hepatic mass from an 8-year-old Abyssinian cat was composed of cords and sheets of neoplastic cells, with scattered rosettes and small ductal structures. Most neoplastic cells had a pale eosinophilic cytoplasm and a round to ovoid nucleus. The tumor also had short spindle cells with an oval nucleus. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were weakly positive for embryonic hepatocellular markers, such as alpha-fetoprotein and cytokeratin (CK) 8/18, but negative for the hepatocellular marker Hepatocyte Paraffin 1. The cells were also positive for CD56/neural cell adhesion molecule and for the biliary epithelial markers CK 7, CK 8/18, CK CAM5.2, and vimentin, but negative for CK 20. Some neoplastic cells expressed neuroectodermal or neuroendocrine markers, such as protein gene product 9.5 and synaptophysin, but were negative for chromogranin A and not argyrophilic by the Grimelius technique. The cat died soon after the biopsy without clinical improvement.     

Synovioma in a cat

A synovial tumour arose from tendon sheath in the right hind paw of an 8-year-old British short-hair tabby cat. Four months after excision the tumour recurred locally but no metastasis was demonstrable at necropsy. Three cases of synovioma in the cat are now on record; they are characterized by a distal site in the limbs, intimate attachment to tendon sheaths, proclivity to local recurrence without metastasis, and prominent tumour giant cells.
Résumé. Une tumeur synoviale s'est formée sur l'enveloppe tendineuse de la patte postérieure droite d'un chat anglais moucheté à poils ras, de 8 ans. Quatre mois après l'excision de la tumeur, on a noté une rechute locale mais pas de métastase à l'autopsie. On connaît trois cas de synoviomes chez le chat, les tumeurs sont caractérisées par leur situation distale sur les membres, leur adhérence intime aux enveloppes du tendon, leur tendance à des rechutes locales sans métastase et la prédominance de cellules géantes dans la tumeur.
Zusammenfassung. Ein Synovialtumor entstand aus der Sehnenscheide in der rechten Hinterpfote einer acht Jahre alten kurzhaarigen britischen Tabby-Katze. Vier Monate nach der Exzision kehrte der Tumor örtlich wieder, aber bei der Autopsie war keine Metastase nachweisbar. Es sind jetzt drei Fälle von Synovialom bei der Katze verzeichnet; sie sind charakterisiert durch distales Auftreten an den Gliedmassen, enge Verbundenheit mit Sehnenscheiden, Neigung zum örtlichen Wiederauftreten ohne Metastase und prominente Tumorriesenzellen.     

Cystinuria in a cat

A 10-month-old male Siamese cat with dysuria was determined to have cystine crystalluria. Many small calculi composed entirely of cystine were found in the urinary bladder. Measurement of serum and urine amino acids and calculation of fractional reabsorption of amino acids indicated reabsorption defects for cystine, ornithine, lysine, and arginine. Urinary acidification, fractional reabsorption of glucose, and fractional reabsorption of electrolytes were normal. Diagnoses of cystinuria and cystine urolithiasis were made on the basis of low fractional reabsorption of cystine and dibasic amino acids and the detection of cystine calculi in the urinary bladder.     

Astrocytoma in a cat

The presenting signs of a mature, spayed female, domestic shorthair cat with a thalamic astrocytoma were polyuria, polydipsia and behavioral changes of several months duration, followed by pacing and depression. Dexamethasone therapy temporarily improved the cat's mental status. A diagnosis of brain tumor was confirmed by postmortem examination.     

Hydronephrosis in a cat

Abstract

Extract

Hydronephosis is a relatively rare condition in the cat (Imhoff, 1964 Kleine, L. J. 1964. An unusual case of pyelonephritis in a cat. J. Amer. vet. radiol. Soc., 5: 54–57.  [Google Scholar]; Bloom, 1954 Bloom, F. 1954. Pathology of the Dog and Cat, 154–154. Evanston, Illinois: American Veterinary Publications Inc..  [Google Scholar]). The case reorted here is of interest because the abnormality was only discovered when the animal was presented at the hospital for removal of an abdominal testicle, the owner having noted no signs of ill health referable to the kidney lesion.