猪链球菌对大环内酯类抗生素的耐药性研究

为测定猪链球菌对大环内酯类抗生素的耐药性和相关耐药基因分布特点,分析分离株对大环内酯类抗生素耐药的分子机制。从河南等7省份不同猪场采集来的疑似猪链球菌患病猪的脑脊液、关节液、肝等部位分离、纯化疑似菌落,采用镜检、16S rRNA基因方法鉴定猪链球菌。采用肉汤微量稀释法检测分离猪链球菌对大环内酯类抗生素红霉素、泰乐菌素、替米考星的耐药情况,采用PCR方法检测相关耐药基因(包括编码核糖体甲基化酶的erm基因ermA、ermB、ermC、ermTR和介导外排泵机制的mefA、mefE及msrD基因)分布情况。最终从573份病料分离鉴定出猪链球菌165株,分离率为28.8%。药敏试验结果显示:猪链球菌对大环内酯类抗生素耐药率高达98.1%,对红霉素、泰乐菌素、替米考星耐药率分别达96.9%、95.1%、94.5%,有153株菌株对3种抗生素同时耐药。耐药基因检测发现大环内酯类耐药基因ermA、ermB、ermC、ermTR、mefA、mefE、msrD检出率分别为5.4%、81.8%、13.3%、6.6%、11.5%、7.2%、5.4%,其中ermB检出率最高。除发现有93株菌株仅携带1个耐药基因外,分别有30、17、2、1个菌株分别携带2、3、4、6个大环内酯类耐药基因。在检出耐药基因的菌株中有82.5%(118/143)的菌株仅携带erm基因,有13.9%(20/143)的菌株同时携带erm以及mef、msr基因,另有3%(5/143)的菌株仅携mef、msr基因。猪链球菌对大环内酯类药物广泛耐药,大环内酯类耐药基因在猪链球菌中广泛分布,细菌的耐药性和菌株耐药基因携带情况基本呈正相关。以ermB介导的核糖体23S rRNA甲基化耐药机制占主导地位,由mefA、mefE、msrD介导的外排泵机制亦存在于分离菌株中。     

猪链球菌2型广西分离株毒力基因表型分析

【目的】了解广西致病性猪链球菌2型（SS2）菌株的毒力基因表型,为广西SS2的防制提供分子生物学依据。【方法】应用PCR技术对分离自发病猪的SS2菌株进行荚膜多糖糖基转移酶基因（CPS2J）、溶菌酶释放蛋白基因（MRP）、细胞外蛋白因子基因（EF）、溶血素基因（SLY）和谷氨酸脱氢酶基因（GDH）5种毒力基因检测。【结果】60%菌株的基因表型为CPS2J+/MRP+/EF+/SLY+/GDH+,30%为CPS2J+/MRP+/EF+/SLY-/GDH-,10%为CPS2J+/MRP+/EF+/SLY-/GDH+。【结论】CPS2J+/MRP+/EF+/SLY+是广西致病性SS2菌株的主要基因表型,与从江苏、四川SS2疫区分离获得的菌株基因表型一致,今后应加强对SS2毒力基因的监测,严防SS2疫情暴发。     

猪链球菌2型广西分离株毒力基因表型分析

【目的】了解广西致病性猪链球菌2型（SS2）菌株的毒力基因表型,为广西SS2的防制提供分子生物学依据。【方法】应用PCR技术对分离自发病猪的SS2菌株进行荚膜多糖糖基转移酶基因（CPS2J）、溶菌酶释放蛋白基因（MRP）、细胞外蛋白因子基因（EF）、溶血素基因（SLY）和谷氨酸脱氢酶基因（GDH）5种毒力基因检测。【结果】60%菌株的基因表型为CPS2J＋/MRP＋/EF＋/SLY＋/GDH＋,30%为CPS2J＋/MRP＋/EF＋/SLY-/GDH-,10%为CPS2J＋/MRP＋/EF＋/SLY-/GDH＋。【结论】CPS2J＋/MRP＋/EF＋/SLY＋是广西致病性SS2菌株的主要基因表型,与从江苏、四川SS2疫区分离获得的菌株基因表型一致,今后应加强对SS2毒力基因的监测,严防SS2疫情暴发。     

AmrB对嗜水气单胞菌氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药性的影响

AmrB是药物外排系统的重要成员,探讨AmrB与嗜水气单胞菌氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药性的关系,对研究嗜水气单胞菌耐药机制有重要意义。将amrB基因克隆至pET-28a载体上,双酶切和测序验证得到重组质粒amrB-pET-28a。对amrB-pET-28a/BL21进行诱导表达和镍柱纯化,制备得到效价为1∶6 400的兔抗AmrB抗血清。诱导获得嗜水气单胞菌AH1卡那霉素、链霉素和庆大霉素耐药菌株,Western blotting分析AmrB在耐药菌株中的表达量。Phoretix 1D和SPSS分析表明,AmrB的表达量在卡那霉素、链霉素和庆大霉素耐药菌株中显著地高于对照菌嗜水气单胞菌AH1,分别是对照的2.16、2.65和2.13倍,提示AmrB在嗜水气单胞菌对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药过程中起重要作用,这将有助于了解嗜水气单胞菌耐药的分子机制。     

郑州市宠物源大肠杆菌生物被膜表型与耐药谱型分析

为分析郑州市宠物源大肠杆菌的生物被膜表型与耐药谱型,分别采用微量肉汤稀释法和改良结晶紫法对194株宠物源大肠杆菌进行耐药率和生物被膜形成能力检测。结果表明,弱生物被膜表型菌株比例最高,占63.4%;耐药谱多样性是造成生物被膜形成能力差异的主要原因,但耐药谱中抗菌药物种类对生物被膜表型能力的影响不明显。     

猪链球菌病病原的分离鉴定及药敏试验

从新疆阿克苏地区某大型规模化养猪场和周边散养户处,采集疑似猪链球菌病的病料,进行触片染色、分离培养及生化鉴定试验;对鉴定为猪链球菌的菌株,采用琼脂纸片扩散法(K-B法)测定其对9种β-内酰胺类抗生素的敏感性.试验结果表明:从所采病料中分离鉴定出8株猪链球菌,分离鉴定的猪链球菌对口-内酰胺类抗生素敏感性整体上偏低,除青霉素G、氨苄西林的敏感率为50％外,其他均不超过50％.这为阿克苏地区猪场的猪链球菌病防治提供了参考.     

浦东地区部分猪场猪链球菌2型的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

2014年03月至08月期间,对来自浦东地区患关节炎的150份病猪和死猪内脏器官及关节液进行细菌分离,对分离细菌进行革兰氏染色、PCR鉴定、药敏实验和多重PCR检测链球菌毒力因子分布(荚膜多糖cps、溶菌酶释放蛋白基因mrp、胞外因子ef、溶血素sly、毒力相关基因orf2、谷氨酸脱氢酶基因gdh、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶基因gapdh),并对链球菌2型cps基因序列进行进化树分析。结果,从分离到的120株细菌中检测到21株链球菌,分离率为17.5%,2型链球菌分离率为11.67%;链球菌的毒力型呈-/+cps2J-/+mrp-ef-sly-gdh-/+gadph-/+orf2;分离株呈多重耐药性,耐药性为:大环内酯类硝基呋喃类、氯霉素类、多肽类、氨基糖苷类、四环素类青霉素类、头孢菌素类、亏诺酮类林可胺类、磺胺类;cps基因与GenBank上已公布的链球菌2型荚膜多糖基因的核苷酸同源性达94%~99%。     

临床分离猪链球菌和副猪嗜血杆菌多重耐药性监测

为了解我国规模化猪场链球菌和副猪嗜血杆菌的耐药情况,用纸片扩散法对临床分离的112株猪链球菌和92株副猪嗜血杆菌进行23种药物的敏感性试验。结果表明,猪链球菌对林可胺类、大环内酯类、硝基呋喃类药物的耐药率均在90%以上,对链霉素、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、阿米卡星、多西环素的耐药率在60%～90%之间,而对β-内酰胺类和氟喹诺酮类的耐药率相对较低。副猪嗜血杆菌对四环素耐药率最高(78.3%),对螺旋霉素、复方磺胺甲噁唑、克林霉素、阿米卡星、林可霉素、新霉素的耐药率在50%～70%之间,对头孢类和氟喹诺酮类耐药率相对较低。2种细菌对不同种类药物的敏感性各异,并且多重耐药性严重,主要耐药谱具有多样性。     

Erythromycin Resistance of Streptococcus suis Isolates In Vivo

In order to study erythromycin resistance of Streptococcus suis under high or low concentration of selective drug pressure, Streptococcus suis strain LN was isolated from a diseased pig in 2005 and showed to be susceptible to erythromycin as determined by disc diffusion and tube dilution tests. In this study, clean level rabbits were divided into three groups of six rabbits each, including a prevention dosage group, a treatment dosage group, and a control group. After injection with S. suis strain LN, erythromycin （20 μg mL^-1） was taken orally in the prevention dosage group, erythromycin （5 mg kg^-1） was injected intramuscularly in the treatment dosage group, and no treatment was given in the control group. S. suis with intermediate resistance to erythromycin was isolated on the 5th day after infection from the prevention dosage group （5th PDG） and on the 7th day after infection from the treatment dosage group （7th TDG）. Both isolates were determined to be the constitutive macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B （cMLSB） resistance phenotype. The resistance gene ermB was detected in all of the isolates. The results suggested that both the 5th PDG and 7th TDG isolates had a mutation （A2372T） in the 23S rRNA gene. In addition, the 5th PDG isolates had a mutation in ribosomal protein L4 （detected as G268A） and a mutation in ribosomal protein L22 （A345C）; and the 7th TDG isolates had a C insertion at site 564. Each of these mutations is considered as a possible mechanism of erythromycin resistance in S. suis strain LN. This study demonstrated that erythromycin resistance was readily induced in S. suis at a low erythromycin dose creating selective pressure in vivo. Resistance appeared to be mediated by ribosome methylation, encoded by the ermB gene.     

上海部分地区猪链球菌2型的流行病学调查及其耐药性

猪链球菌2型是一种重要的人兽共患病病原,由其引起的猪链球菌病给养猪业带来巨大的危害。本研究通过PCR方法扩增谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)基因和荚膜多糖(CPS)基因检测猪链球菌2型,对上海部分地区猪链球菌2型的流行病学进行调查,并对分离到的菌株进行生化鉴定及耐药性研究。结果显示,上海部分地区猪链球菌的检出率为41.2%(103/250),猪链球菌2型的检出率为12.4%(31/250),猪链球菌2型占猪链球菌的30.1%。猪链球菌2型菌株对四环素、链霉素和氯霉素的耐药性最为严重,多数菌株呈多重耐药性,其中以4重耐药性为主。这为上海地区猪链球菌病的监管提供了依据,并对临床治疗使用抗生素具有参考价值。     

广东省某猪场链球菌的分离与鉴定

为了解广东省茂名某猪场暴发猪链球菌病的详细情况及制作灭活疫苗给猪群接种免疫。该研究通过分离细菌、PCR鉴定、生化试验等方法分离、鉴定细菌,并通过动物试验了解该分离菌的致病性。最后通过药敏试验找出高敏药物用于临床治疗及了解该猪场细菌病的耐药性,指导临床合理用药。     

猪链球菌2型福建株的分离鉴定

从临床表现为败血症的濒死病猪肝脏、肺脏、淋巴结中分离到一株链球菌,进行形态学、生化特性、小白鼠感染试验及PCR鉴定和CPS2 J序列测定.结果表明:该分离菌的形态、培养和生化特性基本符合链球菌的特点;人工感染试验显示,小白鼠腹腔接种0.2 mL分离菌培养物不发病,但接种1 mL能在48 h内致小白鼠死亡,并能从脏器中分离到接种菌;分离菌的PCR扩增产物与猪链球菌2型阳性参考菌株JA070109大小一致、长度为675 bp的特异性条带,其PCR产物的核苷酸序列与GeneBank上公布的猪链球菌2型不同菌株的同源性高达98%-100%.可见,该分离菌为猪链球菌2型,并首次证实福建存在猪链球菌2型.     

湖北地区猪链球菌2型的鉴定及生物学特性研究

以湖北荆州地区疑似猪链球菌病的病猪为研究对象,经病料采集、细菌分离培养、纯化、染色、镜检、生化鉴定、血清学试验和PCR检测,确定该病猪为猪链球菌2型病例。经药敏试验筛选出了环丙沙星、阿莫西林和头孢唑肟钠为其敏感药物;经动物攻毒试验复制出同样疾病,表明猪链球菌2型对湖北地区猪具有很强的致病性。     

猪链球菌病与诊断技术研究进展

猪链球菌病是由多种致病性链球菌感染引起的一种人畜共患传染病,综述了猪链球菌病的感染因子及其诊断技术的研究进展。     

Identification of Antigens Common to Streptococcus suis Serotypes 2 and 9 by ImmunoproteomicAnalysis

Streptococcus suis is a Gram-positive pathogen that causes serious diseases in pigs. In addition to S. suis serotype 2 (SS2), S. suis serotype 9 (SS9) is another prevalent serotype, which is frequently isolated from the organs of diseased pigs in China. An immunoproteomic-based approach was developed to identify antigens common to SS2 and SS9 for vaccine development. Cell wall proteins extracted from SS2 strain HA9801 were screened by two-dimensional Western blot using anti-SS2 sera, anti-SS9 sera, or pre-immune sera pooled from specific pathogen free (SPF) mice. Protein spots on preparative gels were excised and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, which led to the identification of four shared immunogenic proteins (arginine deiminase, translation elongation factor-Ts, o-acetylserine lyase, and 1-phosphofructokinase). The genes encoding these four proteins from SS9 strain GZ0565 were cloned and their proteins were overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21. Western blot analysis of these recombinant proteins using the convalescent serum of an SPF mini-pig inoculated with the SS2 strain, anti-SS2 sera, and anti-SS9 sera pooled from SPF mice further confirmed the immunogenicity of these proteins. These immunogenic proteins, which are encoded by genes that are reasonably conserved among SS2 and SS9 strains, could be developed as vaccine candidates.     

猪链球菌的分离鉴定和药敏试验

从豫北的安阳县猪场采集的病料中分离出了5株猪链球菌。经细菌分离培养、生化试验及兰氏分群A—G诊断试剂鉴定,分离出E群链球菌2株,C群链球菌2株,D群链球菌1株。药敏试验结果表明：分离的链球菌对氨苄西林、头孢他啶和头孢曲松高度敏感,对青霉素、复方新诺明和土霉素等药物产生耐药性。