造林密度和修枝对‘欧美107杨’生长量的影响

以3种造林密度‘欧美107杨’为研究对象,通过测定不同年份胸径、树高、枝下高等,来分析造林密度及修枝对‘欧美107杨’生长量的影响.结果表明,‘欧美107杨’胸径和单株材积生长量随着造林密度的增大而减小,即3种造林密度‘欧美107杨’2a胸径和单株材积生长量由高到低依次为株行距3m×12m、5m×6m、3m×6m,而树高生长量变化趋势正好相反.修枝在一定程度上能促进树高生长和提高枝下高,有利于提高杨树木材质量.     

油茶长林品种引进及综合评价

从江西引进8个油荼长林品种(‘长林3号’、‘长林4号’、‘长林18号’、‘长林23号’、‘长林27号’、‘长林40号’、‘长林53号’和‘长林166号’),开展了其在引种地生长适应性、物候期、主要经济性状、果实品质等试验研究,并进行综合评价.结果表明:油茶长林品种在引种地表现出了较强的生长适应性,物候期与原产地较为一致,产量和鲜出籽率等主要经济性状间差异显著,与对照品种差异亦显著.果实品质与原产地相比差异较小.筛选出综合性状表现更为优良的5个品种,分别是‘长林4号’、‘长林27号’、‘长林23号’、‘长林3号’和‘长林40号’.     

无絮黑杨‘鲁林9号杨’、‘鲁林16号杨’新品种选育

选择黑杨派5个母本和7个父本组成杂交组合,采用花枝室内水培、人工控制授粉方法开展杂交育种研究。通过对杂交子代无性系苗期测定和选择,选用21个无性系加7个对照品种开展表型测定和区域化造林试验。通过多点多年栽培试验、观测调查和统计分析,筛选出‘鲁林9号杨’、‘鲁林16号杨’2个雄性新品种。在莒县7年生试验林中,‘鲁林9号杨’平均胸径生长量达25.0cm,平均树高生长量达20.8m,平均材积生长量达0.38833m~3,超过对照I-107杨34.6%,超过L35杨49.3%。‘鲁林16号杨’平均胸径生长量达24.1cm,平均树高生长量达20.8m,平均材积生长量达0.35949m~3,超过对照I-107杨24.6%,超过L35杨40.2%。2个新品种树干通直挺拔,顶端优势强,分枝均匀,层轮明显,树姿优美;且为雄性美洲黑杨,不结实,无飞絮,无环境污染,适宜培育纸浆材和胶合板材。     

杨树良种‘欧美杨2012杨’

杨树良种‘欧美杨2012杨’是由国外引种经过长期区域化试验后选育成功,雌株,为欧美杨无性系,速生性突出,与107杨和108杨生长量相似甚至于超过了107杨和108杨;树干通直圆满,树冠窄;无性繁殖容易,扦插育苗和造林成活率高;木材纤维长度为0.578 mm,基本密度为0.327 5 g·cm-3,适于纸浆材、板材等工业用原材料。     

江淮系列杨树品种的耐涝性试验

以‘江淮1号’、‘江淮2号’杨为试验材料,‘I-69’杨为对照,研究水胁迫下3个杨树品种各项生理生化指标的变化.3个参试品种在W3(浅度积水,土壤水分过饱和)处理下,60 d后高生长量表现为‘江淮2号’杨＞‘江淮1号’杨＞对照‘I-69’杨,盆栽苗木保存率分别为40％,33％和25％;W2(无积水,土壤水分完全饱和)、W3淹水处理下,‘江淮1号’杨、‘江淮2号’杨的苗生物量明显大于‘I-69’杨;W3处理下‘江淮2号’杨超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、含糖量变化幅度最小,且数值均明显低于‘江淮1号’杨和‘I-69’杨,‘I-69’杨叶片的丙二醛(MDA)含量增幅较‘江淮1号’、‘江淮2号’杨大.3个杨树品种叶绿素在W3处理下60 d后的含量分别为‘江淮2号’杨(3.61 mg/g)＞对照‘I-69’杨(3.36 mg/g)＞‘江淮1号’杨(3.27 mg/g).采用数据处理软件及隶属函数法,对几个杨树品种的耐涝性进行综合评价,结果表明:在淹水胁迫处理期间‘江淮2号’杨、‘江淮1号’杨比对照‘I-69’杨表现出较强的耐涝性,适合在安徽省江潍、沿淮、湖泊等地势低洼处造林.     

'95'、'895'等杨树品种在湖北的引种试验

对包括‘95’杨、‘895’杨在内的32个杨树品种生长量和云斑天牛危害情况进行分析,结果表明32个杨树品种在材积和对云斑天牛抗性上都有显著差异。‘鲁山’杨、‘DD-86—3’具有速生特性同时对云斑天牛的抗性也比较强。而‘W46’、‘95’杨,特别是‘107’杨速生性很好,但是云斑天牛危害情况比较严重,在生产当中要注意防治。     

‘95’、‘895’等杨树品种在湖北的引种试验

对包括‘95’杨、‘895’杨在内的32个杨树品种生长量和云斑天牛危害情况进行分析,结果表明32个杨树品种在材积和对云斑天牛抗性上都有显著差异。‘鲁山’杨、‘DD-86-3’具有速生特性同时对云斑天牛的抗性也比较强。而‘W 46’、‘95’杨,特别是‘107’杨速生性很好,但是云斑天牛危害情况比较严重,在生产当中要注意防治。     

霍山县不同品种油茶经济性状比较

为给油茶Camellia oleifera品种适应性研究和生产中品种的选用提供依据,对霍山县但家庙镇观音岩村引种的11个油茶品种(‘长林166号’、‘长林53号’、‘长林40号’、‘长林27号’、‘长林23号’、‘长林21号’、‘长林4号’、‘长林3号’、‘湘林56’、‘湘林26’和‘大别山1号’)果实的经济性状进行了调查,方法是每个品种选10株,每株随机选20个果实,测定其经济性状指标并进行评价。结果表明,不同品种油茶的鲜果含油率在2.65%~9.93%、干籽含油率在19.07%~39.62%、仁含油率在38.67%~56.54%,不同品种油茶的含油率差异较大;不同品种的鲜果质量及干籽质量有较大的差异,果形指数差异较小;‘长林53号’、‘长林40号’、‘长林21号’、‘长林3号’、‘湘林56’、‘湘林26’和‘大别山1号’7个油茶品种在引种地表现出较好的良种特性;聚类分析结果为当距离为10时分为2类,当距离为15时,分为3类。     

欧美杨107号引种试验初报

对欧美杨 10 7号 (Populus×euramericana(Dode)Guineircl.‘74 / 76’)引种试验表明 :扦插成活率在 95%以上 ,苗期生长量明显高于中林 4 6杨 ,而和三倍体毛白杨差异不大 ;抗虫 (天牛 )性明显优于三倍体毛白杨。     

美洲黑杨杂种无性系——陕林3号杨、陕林4号杨通过成果鉴定

省林业厅受省科委的委托,于今年5月8日至9日在杨陵科研协调中心召开研究成果鉴定会,对省林科所杂交培育出的杨树新无性系—陕林3号杨和陕林4号杨进行了鉴定。陕林3号杨是从Ⅰ—69杨×美洲黑杨杂交无性系中筛选出来的,原试验编号52号。陕林4号杨是从Ⅰ—69杨×青杨(长安)杂交无性系中筛选出来的,原试验编号1062号。它们的     

落羽杉属杂交良种''落羽杉中山302''和''中山杉118''

优良无性系‘落羽杉中山302’和‘中山杉118’分别于2002和2006年通过国家林业局林木良种审定委员会的审定和认定。这2个良种均为通过人工授粉杂交选育而成的优良品种,其生长快、树形挺拔、主干通直圆满、耐湿耐盐碱、抗风力强、适应性广,可在江苏、浙江、上海等地区栽植。     

浅谈国家林业局政府网的设计与建立

对国家林业局政府网的功能设计、建立原则和采用的技术进行了系统的介绍。     

中林-46杨一龄苗木纤维形态的研究

本文报道了中林— 4 6一杨龄苗木纤维形态测定的结果。其结果表明 ,纤维长度与其着生部位呈近似正态分布规律 ,与其含率呈反相关规律 ;木纤维含率 6 6 5 7% ,其长度平均 833 6 5 μm ,宽度平均 2 0 2 6 μm ,长宽比 4 8 5 5 ,可作造纸原料。同时 ,还表明 ,Ⅰ级苗 (苗高 >3 5m)木纤维长度比Ⅱ级苗 (苗高 2 0～ 3 0m)的木纤维长 174 13μm ,比Ⅲ级苗 (苗高 <2 0m)木纤维长 2 0 3 6 2 μm。由此可见 ,采用集约栽培措施 ,不仅提高苗木质量 ,还可提高其木纤维长度。     

豫楸1号扦插生根过程中营养物质含量及氧化酶类活性的变化

楸树(Catalpa bungei)作为扦插难生根树种,普通扦插技术成活率一直很低,少见其扦插技术系统研究报道(郭从俭等,1993;梁明武,2002).近年来,豫楸1号(C.bungei cl.‘Yu-l')作为从楸树中选育的良种在全国范围内得到了大面积推广.但该品种主要通过嫁接繁殖,第1年培育砧木,第2年嫁接,繁育周期长、费用高,不利于良种迅速推广,制约这一优良品种的发展(王新建等,2005).     

干旱胁迫对豫楸1号嫁接苗的生理生化影响研究

以1年生豫楸1号四种砧木嫁接苗(金丝楸、豫楸1号、灰楸和梓树)为试验材料通过盆栽干旱胁迫以正常浇水处理为对照,研究了不同程度干旱胁迫对这四种不同砧木豫楸1号嫁接苗在保护酶活性、脂膜透性、过氧化物的反应物积累和细胞渗透调节性物质等方面的生理生化影响。结果表明:保护酶SOD活性先上升后下降,活性表现明显的是金丝楸嫁接苗;MDA的积累都有明显增加,金丝楸嫁接苗积累最少,增加较多的是梓树嫁接苗和灰楸嫁接苗;脂膜透性都有不同程度的上升,其中梓树嫁接苗和灰楸嫁接苗上升较快,金丝楸嫁接苗积累较少。可溶性蛋白的含量都有不同程度的上升,其中金丝楸嫁接苗积累较多。经过对几项生理指标的综合方差[1]分析,认为金丝楸嫁接苗相对于其他三个品种具有较强的抗旱能力。     

哈尔滨松花江斜拉大桥9#主塔承台施工

大体积砼浇筑、冬季施工、水中作业是桥梁施工的难点，通过哈尔滨松花江斜拉大桥9^#主塔承台实施实践，分析总结了这三个施工工艺，从而为指导桥梁施工提供了参考。     

Browsing Damage on Pine (Pinus sylvestris and P. contorta) by a migrating moose (Alces alces) Population in Winter: Relation to Habitat Composition and Road Barriers

In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads.     

Effects of Root Freezing on the Physiology and Growth of Picea glauca,Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana Seedlings Under Different Soil Moisture Regimes

The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage.     

Stand Structure in Pine,Spruce and Deciduous Forests: A Comparison Between Finnish and Russian Karelia

This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland.     

Growth and Terminal Bud Formation in Picea abies Seedlings Grown with Alternating Diurnal Temperature and Different Light Qualities

The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions.