Shotgun质谱筛选与猪瘟病毒囊膜蛋白Ems相互作用的候选宿主蛋白

猪瘟病毒(CSFV) Ems蛋白是瘟病毒属成员特有的囊膜糖蛋白,在病毒吸附和侵入靶细胞过程中发挥重要作用.本研究利用Ems特异性抗体对CSFV石门强毒株感染的PK-15细胞进行免疫共沉淀(Co-IP),对获得的蛋白复合物进行Shotgun质谱鉴定.结果显示,与阴性对照相比,病毒感染细胞样品中含有199种差异蛋白,其中可能包含与Ems作用的宿主细胞蛋白.同时,实验还对Co-IP蛋白样品进行SDS-PAGE,切取差异条带进行质谱分析以进一步验证Shotgun技术的蛋白筛选结果.通过Co-IP和Shotgun质谱分析,本研究筛选出一些可能在CSFV生命周期中与Ems互作用的宿主蛋白,为进一步研究CSFV在宿主细胞中的感染和复制的分子机制奠定基础.     

鼠肌纤维丝切蛋白CFL2互作蛋白的筛选与鉴定

筛选并鉴定小鼠腿肌组织中与丝切蛋白CFL2相互作用的蛋白质。通过免疫共沉淀技术分离小鼠腿肌组织中CFL2蛋白复合物,对获得的免疫共沉淀复合物进行SDS-PAGE分离,将分离出的差异条带用胰蛋白酶进行酶切,酶切后的肽段进行液相色谱分离,最后通过电喷雾质谱技术分析肽段组成并鉴定蛋白质,获得与CFL2互作的组织蛋白谱。通过Western blot检测,确定在天然状态下小鼠腿肌组织中CFL2与Ndufb7之间存在相互作用。首次利用免疫共沉淀联合质谱技术成功从小鼠腿肌组织中筛选并鉴定出与CFL2相互作用的蛋白Ndufb7,为进一步研究CFL2在骨骼肌肌纤维形成中的作用提供理论基础。     

兔出血症病毒肝脏表面蛋白受体的初步筛选

为了筛选鉴定兔出血症病毒(RHDV)感染的肝脏细胞表面受体,取成年兔肝脏组织以胰酶消化,经300目铜网过滤,得到完整的兔肝脏细胞。用生物素对细胞表面蛋白进行标记和分离;采用病毒铺覆蛋白技术分析兔肝脏细胞表面蛋白。结果表明,在130 000~170 000的位置上存在与RHDV相互作用的特异性蛋白条带;利用液相色谱联合质谱技术(LC MS/MS)对特异蛋白条带进行shotgun分析,鉴定得到38个候选蛋白,其中3种蛋白在已知病毒感染过程中具有重要作用。     

牛红细胞膜与大豆凝集素特异结合蛋白的分离与鉴定

为了分离鉴定红细胞膜上能与大豆凝集素特异结合的蛋白质,本试验以荷斯坦奶牛的红细胞和大豆凝集素(SBA)纯品作为实验材料,采用低渗溶血的方法提纯红细胞膜,EP-40裂解红细胞膜蛋白,通过免疫共沉淀(Co-IP)获得能与大豆凝集素特异结合的蛋白,最后用液相色谱-质谱/质谱(LC-MS/MS)联用的方法筛选出15类可能与大豆凝集素结合的蛋白,其中以骨架蛋白为主,还包括一些催化酶类蛋白和功能调节蛋白。结果为进一步研究大豆凝集素的凝血机理提供理论依据。     

羊传染性脓疱病毒122蛋白的原核表达纯化及多克隆抗体的制备

以提取的羊传染性脓疱病毒(ORFV)基因组为模版,PCR扩增ORFV122基因,并将该基因连接至原核表达载体pET-28a上,构建出pET-28a-122重组表达质粒。然后将该重组质粒转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态,经IPTG诱导后成功表达出ORFV122蛋白。利用His标签可与镍离子结合的特性对ORFV122蛋白进行分离纯化。将纯化后的ORFV122蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备相应的多克隆抗体,并利用Western blot技术检测该抗体的特异性。免疫小鼠获得的抗ORFV122蛋白多克隆抗体经ELISA检测,其效价约为1∶80 000。此外,使用该抗体对ORFV122蛋白的表达规律进行了研究,发现ORFV122蛋白为早期表达蛋白。本试验获得的ORFV122蛋白多克隆抗体为以后ORFV122基因功能的后续研究奠定基础。     

马疱疹病毒1型gD囊膜蛋白互作蛋白的鉴定分析

旨在筛选并分析与马疱疹病毒1型(EHV-1)gD囊膜蛋白相互作用的宿主蛋白。用免疫共沉淀和LCMS/MS质谱技术鉴定出与EHV-1 gD囊膜蛋白互作的宿主蛋白，并进行生物信息学分析。免疫共沉淀联合质谱分析鉴定到229个与EHV-1 gD囊膜蛋白互作的宿主蛋白，对蛋白功能分析发现大多数蛋白与形成细胞骨架有关，细胞骨架不仅能支撑细胞形态，还参与物质运输，结果提示有部分蛋白参与囊泡运输并在其中发挥重要作用，还存在与囊泡形成直接相关的蛋白——网络蛋白重链，为探究EHV-1二次囊膜化的形成过程和研究gD囊膜蛋白与囊泡间的关系奠定了基础。     

两株小鼠致病性差异显著的H5N1禽流感病毒PA蛋白差异互作宿主蛋白研究

为了探索引起H5N1高致病性禽流感病毒(highly pathogenic avian influenza virus,HPAIV)致病性差异的宿主因子,选取了一对主要由PA基因造成在小鼠上致病性差异的H5N1禽流感病毒(CK10与GS10),通过病毒感染A549细胞,利用PA抗体进行免疫沉淀(immunoprecipitation,IP)试验以筛选与PA互作的宿主蛋白,并进行LC-MS/MS鉴定。结果发现与低致病性的GS10相比,共有160种宿主蛋白能够特异性与高致病性CK10病毒PA蛋白结合。对这160种蛋白进行生物信息学分析,通过Gene Ontology(GO)注释分析发现这些蛋白主要参与翻译、基因表达、病毒转录和病毒感染等生物学进程,通过KEGG通路分析发现这些蛋白主要参与的细胞通路包括翻译、传染病与信号转导等。此后,利用免疫共沉淀技术(co-immunoprecipitation,Co-IP),证实所筛选的宿主蛋白eEF1A1能够特异性地与CK10病毒PA蛋白相互作用。本研究筛选到了致病性不同的禽流感病毒的差异互作宿主蛋白,可为进一步了解流感病毒复杂的致病机制提供参考。     

羊口疮病毒B2L基因密码子优化及截短表达

B2L蛋白是羊口疮病毒(ORFV)的结构蛋白,也是病毒的保护性抗原,可以刺激机体产生强烈的抗病毒反应。为表达出高可溶性的B2L蛋白并检测其免疫原性,将羊口疮病毒B2L基因进行密码子偏爱性优化设计,并截取抗原性高、疏水性好的区域,构建了His-tag融合可溶性标签的表达重组载体,转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态中,经IPTG诱导,利用SDS-PAGE电泳对融合蛋白的可溶性表达进行检测,筛选出高可溶性表达的His融合蛋白。重组蛋白通过Ni-NTA agarose亲和纯化后,进行Western-blot验证。结果显示,经过SDS-PAGE和Western-blot鉴定的目的条带分子质量与预期大小相符。本试验成功在上清中表达和纯化出B2L基因编码蛋白。     

兔肝细胞中与RHDV VP60 P2亚区相互作用蛋白质的筛选和初步鉴定

兔出血症病毒(RHDV)衣壳蛋白VP60P2亚区在病毒感染宿主细胞过程中可能起重要作用,为找寻RHDV靶细胞——兔肝细胞中与P2亚区相互作用的蛋白质,以原核表达的P2蛋白为诱饵蛋白质,通过免疫共沉淀试验(Co-IP)结合质谱分析筛选与之有相互作用的肝细胞蛋白质。经分析选取层黏连蛋白受体(LamR)蛋白做进一步研究。提取兔肝细胞总RNA,反转录扩增LamR基因,将其插入pGEX-6p-1载体,经IPTG诱导表达,获得GST-LamR融合蛋白,并通过GST pull-down试验验证LamR蛋白与P2蛋白的结合。结果显示,以P2蛋白为诱饵蛋白质,免疫共沉淀试验结合质谱分析共筛选到26个与P2存在相互作用的肝细胞蛋白质,其中LamR蛋白是多种病毒的受体。通过原核表达系统表达了LamR蛋白,经pull-down试验验证了LamR蛋白与P2蛋白有直接的相互作用。本研究证实兔肝细胞LamR蛋白与RHDV VP60P2蛋白的相互作用,为深入研究RHDV的感染过程、揭示RHDV的致病机制提供了线索。     

酵母双杂交筛选与牛病毒性腹泻病毒NS4B互作的宿主蛋白

为探究NS4B蛋白在牛病毒性腹泻病毒(bovine viral diarrhea virus, BVDV)感染和复制过程中的作用，利用酵母双杂交(yeast two hybrid, Y2H)技术筛选与BVDV NS4B蛋白互作的宿主细胞蛋白质。以构建的BVDV NS4B重组质粒pGBKT7-NS4B作为诱饵质粒，采用酵母双杂交技术，与牛肾细胞MDBK-cDNA文库进行杂交。将获得的阳性克隆菌落经质粒抽提、测序分析和免疫共沉淀试验，确定可与NS4B互作的宿主细胞蛋白。结果表明，成功构建了诱饵质粒pGBKT7-NS4B,该质粒可在酵母菌中表达NS4B蛋白。采用酵母双杂交技术从牛肾细胞基因组文库获得14个阳性克隆，阳性克隆经测序、互补试验、免疫共沉淀验证后明确可与BVDV NS4B蛋白互作的宿主蛋白为SYNGR2和RABACI。上述研究为进一步研究BVDV NS4B蛋白在BVDV感染和复制中的作用机制奠定了理论基础。     

Complications and survival associated with surgical compared with medical management of horses with duodenitis-proximal jejunitis

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Based on clinical observation, it is hypothesised that horses with duodenitis-proximal jejunitis (DPJ) that are treated surgically have a shorter duration, smaller volume, and slower rate of nasogastric reflux (NGR) compared to horses treated medically, are more likely to develop diarrhoea than medically managed cases, and have a higher incisional infection rate than a sample population of horses undergoing abdominal exploration for gastrointestinal disease other than DPJ. OBJECTIVES: To compare: 1) duration, volume and rate of NGR and the percentage of horses with diarrhoea between medically and surgically treated DPJ cases; and 2) incisional infection rate in horses with DPJ undergoing abdominal exploration to a sample population of horses undergoing abdominal exploration for gastrointestinal disease other than DPJ. METHODS: Medical records of cases with DPJ diagnosed 1995-2006 were reviewed. Information obtained included subject details, presenting clinical findings, treatment category (medical/surgical), complications (diarrhoea, incisional infection), and outcome (survival/nonsurvival). Data were analysed using a Chi-squared test and a mixed model analysis of variance. Level of significance was P<0.05. RESULTS: Compared to medical cases, surgical cases had significantly decreased survival, a longer duration and larger total volume of NGR, and were more likely to develop diarrhoea. The incisional infection rate for horses with DPJ undergoing abdominal exploration was 16% compared to 7% for the sample population of horses. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of horses with DPJ did not lead to resolution of NGR faster than medical treatment. Surgical cases were more likely to develop diarrhoea and did not have a significantly higher incisional infection rate than the sample population.     

Serum triglyceride concentration in dogs with epilepsy treated with phenobarbital or with phenobarbital and bromide

OBJECTIVE: To compare serum triglyceride concentrations obtained after food had been withheld (i.e., fasting concentrations) in dogs with epilepsy that had been treated long term (> or = 3 months) with phenobarbital or with phenobarbital and potassium bromide with concentrations in healthy control dogs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS: 57 epileptic dogs that had been treated with phenobarbital (n=28) or with phenobarbital and bromide (29) and 57 healthy, untreated control dogs matched on the basis of age, breed, sex, neuter status, and body condition score. PROCEDURES: Blood samples were collected after food had been withheld for at least 12 hours, and serum biochemical and lipid concentrations were determined. Oral fat tolerance tests were performed in 15 control dogs and 9 dogs with epilepsy treated with phenobarbital alone. RESULTS: 19 of the 57 (33%) epileptic dogs had fasting serum triglyceride concentrations greater than the upper reference limit. Nine (16%) dogs had a history of pancreatitis, and 5 of the 9 had high fasting serum triglyceride concentrations at the time of the study. A significant relationship was found between body condition score and fasting serum triglyceride concentration in all dogs, but serum triglyceride concentration was not significantly associated with phenobarbital dosage or serum phenobarbital concentration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that dogs treated long term with phenobarbital or with phenobarbital and bromide may develop hypertriglyceridemia. Fasting serum triglyceride concentration should be periodically monitored in dogs treated with phenobarbital because hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for pancreatitis.     

资源环保安全优质节约谁能一肩挑——镇江市土著菌养鸡访谈录

三月底一个风和日丽的日子,我们去镇江采访土著菌养鸡的情况。对于土著菌,我们并不佰生,因为,我们几年前就报道过镇江广电总局基地的土著菌养鸡。只是那时镇江的主要精力放在稻鸭共作的研究和推广上,这几年土著菌养鸡养猪才被越来越多的人重视起来。不但如此,镇江人又用推广稻鸭共作的热情推广起土著菌养鸡养猪来。     

Long-term treatment with carprofen of 805 dogs with osteoarthritis

The pain-relieving effect of carprofen and tolerance to the drug were investigated in 805 dogs that were lame as a result of osteoarthritis. The dogs were of different breeds, ages and bodyweights and of both sexes, and were selected from 51 veterinary clinics. Each dog was treated orally by its owner with 4 mg/kg carprofen for 84 consecutive days. Twenty-four dogs were removed from the study because of side effects, and 55 left the study for reasons unrelated to the treatment. The condition of the dogs and the benefit of the treatment were evaluated by the veterinary surgeons and the owners after 14 days, and at the end of the period of treatment, when 194 of the dogs (26.7 per cent) were no longer lame, and 357 (49.2 per cent) had improved. The period for which the dogs had been lame before entering the study significantly (P<0.01) affected the results and the rate of improvement. Too much exercise during the 84 days of treatment caused some dogs to relapse.     

Prognostic factors associated with survival in dogs with lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis

Prognostic factors associated with survival in dogs with lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis (LPE) were investigated through a retrospective study. Using case records, 48 dogs diagnosed with LPE were classified as survivors (n = 32) or non-survivors (n = 16), and the clinical and clinicopathological parameters were reviewed between the 2 groups by using univariate and multivariate prognostic analysis. Compared to the hospital population, non-survivors had an overrepresentation of the Shiba breed. Results of univariate analysis indicated that anorexia, severe weight loss, packed cell volume, and total protein were significantly associated with survival for 6 months after diagnosis. In multivariate analysis, anorexia and hypoproteinemia were significantly associated with survival. Furthermore, initial response to treatment was strongly associated with poor prognosis. Based on these clinical and laboratory parameters such as anorexia, hypoproteinemia and initial response to treatment, it may be possible to predict poor prognosis in canine LPE.