山东省泗水县整县推进畜禽粪污资源化利用的实践

整县推进畜禽粪污资源化利用工作,是农业农村部认真贯彻落实党中央、国务院的有关决策部署,是助力农业绿色发展的重要举措。山东省济宁市泗水县于2017年列为全国首批畜禽粪污资源化利用试点县,2019年项目全部建设完成,成为全国全省整县制实施畜禽粪污资源化利用工作的典型。本文从泗水县的基本情况、项目总体设计、项目推进措施和实施成效几个方面全面介绍整县推进畜禽粪污资源化利用工作情况,为其他项目县提供借鉴。     

实现畜牧大县粪污资源化整县治理全覆盖

2019年中央财政继续支持畜禽粪污资源化利用工作。为此,农业农村部、财政部联合发出了《关于做好2019年畜禽粪污资源化利用项目实施工作的通知》(以下简称《通知》)。为发挥好中央资金的引导作用,加快畜禽粪污资源化利用项目落地,确保髙质量完成“十三五”目标任务,农业农村部畜牧兽医局在6月中旬举办了2019年畜禽粪污资源化利用项目培训班,全面解读畜禽粪污资源化利用法规和政策,进一步明确整县推进项目重点任务和工作要求。     

要闻

正农业农村部部署推进畜禽粪污资源化利用项目7月2日,农业农村部召开加快推进畜禽粪污资源化利用项目实施视频会议,通报畜禽粪污资源化利用项目开工情况,进一步明确畜禽粪污资源化利用项目实施要求,对畜禽粪污资源化利用工作进行再动员再部署。农业农村部副部长于康震出席会议并讲话。会议指出,畜禽粪污资源化利用整县推进项目自实     

行业资讯

正农业农村部部署推进畜禽粪污资源化利用项目7月2日,农业农村部召开加快推进畜禽粪污资源化利用项目实施视频会议,通报畜禽粪污资源化利用项目开工情况,进一步明确畜禽粪污资源化利用项目实施要求,对畜禽粪污资源化利用工作进行再动员再部署。农业农村部副部长于康震出席会议并讲话。会议指出,畜禽粪污资源化利用整县推进项目自实施以来,已经实现畜牧大县全覆盖,为加     

农业农村部部署推进畜禽粪污资源化利用项目

正7月2日,农业农村部召开加快推进畜禽粪污资源化利用项目实施视频会议,通报畜禽粪污资源化利用项目开工情况,进一步明确畜禽粪污资源化利用项目实施要求,对畜禽粪污资源化利用工作进行再动员再部署。农业农村部副部长于康震出席会议并讲话。会议指出,畜禽粪污资源化利用整县推进项目自实施以来,已经实现畜牧大县全覆盖,为加快推进畜禽     

岳阳市畜禽粪污资源化利用探讨

2017年以来,湖南省岳阳市先后有8个县市区实施畜禽粪污资源化利用整县推进项目.依托项目的实施,岳阳市以源头减量、过程控制、末端利用为核心,坚持统筹兼顾、重点突破、分类指导、整县推进的原则,创新机制,推进畜禽粪污资源化利用,有效打通了利用"最后一公里".     

对湖南省洞口县畜禽粪污资源化利用工作的探讨

文章对畜禽粪污利用量、现状、模式、方法、措施、资金筹积、建设项目等进行研究,以湖南省洞口县为例,制定可操作性《畜禽规模化养殖场粪污排放达标规范》和粪污排放设施达标建设,2017—2018年取得了粪污处理设施装备配套率93%,粪污减排85%阶段性的成果。制订畜禽粪污资源化利用整县推进项目规划和组织实施,达到农业农村部整县畜禽粪污综合利用率90%,粪污减排90%目标工作情况进行介绍,供同行参考。该论文《对湖南省洞口县畜禽粪污资源化利用工作的探讨》被评为全国《2019畜禽粪污资源化利用高峰论坛征文》三等奖,成为18个一二三等奖中湖南省唯一获奖奖项。     

永春县畜禽粪污资源化利用工作探讨

简介永春县畜禽粪污资源化利用发展状况及模式,总结畜禽粪污资源化利用存在的问题,并对永春县畜禽粪污资源化利用整县推进项目产生的效益进行分析.     

龙岩市永定区畜禽粪污资源化利用现状、存在问题及对策

龙岩市永定区是国家生猪调出大县。2019年获中央预算内畜禽粪污资源化利用整县推进项目，目前建成以粪污为原料的有机肥厂3家，年产有机肥11万t，种养结合粪污资源化利用示范场39家，种植基地使用粪污作肥料资源化利用示范点45个。本文就永定区畜禽粪污资源化利用现状、存在的问题进行分析，并提出相应对策。     

全国畜禽粪污资源化利用调研组来湘指导工作

正2018年7月28日至29日,全国畜禽粪污资源化利用中东部地区调研组到浏阳市考察指导。这次调研旨在贯彻落实《国务院办公厅关于加快推进畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用的意见》和《畜禽粪污资源化利用行动方案(2017—2020年)》精神,了解畜禽粪污资源化利用典型模式和技术需求,以便进一步对畜禽粪污资源化利用重点县或整县推进项目     

Anaesthesia and analgesia of the donkey and the mule

The number of donkeys and mules throughout the world is stable, and awareness of their use and concern for welfare, pain recognition and treatment are receiving increasing veterinary interest. Therefore, accurate information about anaesthesia and analgesia in donkeys and mules is important to ever more equine practitioners. Since donkeys are physiologically and pharmacologically different from horses, knowledge on species specific aspects of anaesthesia and analgesia are very important. Mules combine elements from both donkey and horse backgrounds, leading to great diversity in size, temperament and body type. Physiologically, they seem to resemble horses more than donkeys. This review highlights the current knowledge on various anaesthetic and analgesic approaches in donkeys and mules. There is still much information that is not available about donkeys; in many circumstances, the clinician must use available equine information to treat the patient, while monitoring carefully to observe for differences in response to therapy compared to the horse.     

Ultrasonographic examination of the caecum and the proximal and spiral ansa of the colon of cattle

The large intestine of 10 cows was examined from the right abdominal wall with a 3.5 MHz linear transducer. The cows were then slaughtered, and the organs were re-examined in a water bath. The caecum was visualised from the middle region of the abdominal wall. It ran caudo-cranially, varied in diameter from 5.2 to 18.0 cm and was situated immediately adjacent to the abdominal wall. The lateral wall of the caecum appeared as a thick, echogenic, crescent-shaped line. It could be visualised as far cranially as the 12th intercostal space. Although its junction could not be identified, the proximal ansa of the colon was recognised on the basis of its anatomical position and its diameter, which was smaller than that of the caecum. The spiral ansa of the colon and the descending colon were situated dorsal to the caecum and could be identified by moving the transducer horizontally along the abdominal wall to the last rib. The spiral ansa of the colon was situated ventral to the descending colon, and its walls appeared as thick echogenic lines. In a contracted state, the spiral colon had the appearance of a garland.     

Effects of age and diet on the development of the pancreas and the synthesis and secretion of pancreatic enzymes in the young pig

Effects of age and diet composition on amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in the pancreas and intestinal contents, pancreas weights and body weights were determined from birth to 56 d. A total of 120 pigs, five to seven pigs/litter from 18 litters, were slaughtered at birth, 14, 27, 29, 31, 42 and 56 d. Litters were allotted to dietary treatments (corn-soy, A; corn-soy + 20% dried whey, B; corn-soy + 5% lard, C) and offered these diets as creep feed at 14 d. All pigs were weaned at 28 d, placed in elevated nursery pens and fed their respective diets. Total activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in the pancreas and small intestine increased (P less than .05) with age. Both trypsin and amylase activities, measured per kilogram body weight or gram pancreas weight, were low at 29 d in the intestine and increased to 56 d. Pigs on diet B had the highest level of trypsin and chymotrypsin in the intestinal contents (P less than .05). Trypsin activity in the pancreas (units/kg body weight) was lowest (P less than .05) for pigs on diet B and highest (P less than .05) for those on diet C (units/g pancreas and units/kg body weight). Amylase activity (units/kg body weight) was lower (P less than .05) in the pancreas for pigs on diet B than for those on diets A and C. Pigs on diet A had lower (P less than .01) intestinal amylase activities than those on diets B and C. Enzyme activities in the intestinal contents and pancreas were low following weaning. In the pancreas, activities decreased at 31 d.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

The behavior and the husbandry conditions of small laboratory animals--possibilities and limits of the evaluation of the appropriateness and fairness of the treatment of animals

Ethological studies are important means to evaluate the behaviour of small laboratory animals (mouse, rat, guinea-pig and rabbit) and their housing conditions. At any rate, the only sparse range of body expressions, the smallness and preference of night activity of these animals and the erratic occurrence of essential behaviour patterns make the investigations more difficult. On the other hand, the standardization of laboratory housing and the genetic definition of these animals turn out to be favourable. By this way, behaviour-environment-relationships are suitable for evaluation. Taking into consideration methodical and biological restrictions, the specific activities such as fight, relaxed resting behaviour and play as well as unbalanced behaviour patterns and stereotypes can be taken as means of evaluation. Particularly in mice and rabbits, upright position and space consuming activities will be possibly restricted by cage sizes.     

Relation between the concentration of sodium and potassium in the erythrocytes of dairy cows and the concentration of these elements in the plasma and urine and the level of blood glucose

Blood and urine samples of 180 dairy cows from 12 herds were examined. Sodium and potassium concentrations were determined in erythrocytes, whole blood, plasma, urine, and glucose concentration in blood: the interrelations were compared. Sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes were 85.15 +/- 11.45 mmol/l, and 25.93 +/- 7.81 mmol/l, respectively. A statistically significant relation was found between sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes (r = 0.3467+++) and the content of electrolyte in blood cells and in whole blood (Na: r = 0.5336+++; K: r = 0.3561+++). No statistically significant relation of intraerythrocyte concentration of both electrolytes was confirmed with respect to the other characteristics (sodium and potassium concentrations in plasma and urine, and glucose concentration in blood). In the conditions of routine laboratory diagnostics in clinically healthy cows, determinations of intraerythrocyte sodium and potassium do not broaden possibilities of evaluating the metabolic state of these electrolytes and cannot be used as the characteristics of energy insufficiency. The cannot replace the analyses performed in serum and urine.     

貉,蓝狐,银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞形态分布的研究

本文应用Ｆｏｒｔａｎａ—Ｍａｓｓｏｎ嗜银颗粒染色法研究了貉、蓝狐、银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞的形态分布。结果表明：三种动物胃幽门腺中，嗜根细胞数量最多，呈锥状，嗜银颗粒较粗，密度大、染成深黑色。在胃底及胃贲门腺区、嗜银细胞数量少。在十二指肠部嗜银细胞呈蝌蚪形，嗜银颗粒细，呈黑褐色，密度较小。嗜银细胞的分布密度在三种动物中具有一定的差别。     

Liquid flow and capacity of the caecum and colon of the horse

The rate of flow of fluid from the caecum and from the large colon was measured in four Shetland-type ponies fed a hay diet. In two ponies with cannulas in the caecum and at the origin of the right ventral colon, a continuous intracaecal infusion of a solution of chromium EDTA was used and samples were obtained from the cannula at the origin of the right ventral colon. Based on four determinations, the liquid flow from the caecum was 54.2 +/- 1.89 litres d-1. In the other two ponies with cannulas in the origin of the right ventral colon and near the end of the right dorsal colon, a continuous infusion of chromium EDTA was made into the right ventral colon and samples were obtained from the right dorsal colon. The flow rate towards the end of the dorsal colon was 49.4 +/- 1.25 litres d-1, based on four determinations. The capacities of the caecum and large colon after death were 7.0 +/- 0.8 and 17.7 +/- 3.7 litres, respectively.     

加强兽药研究开发提升行业科技创新水平

提升行业科技创新水平为主题,回顾和分析了我国新兽药研究开发的历程和研究现状及面临的形势,并围绕创新与发展的要求,提出了加强兽药研究开发的对策及建议。