1例小尾寒羊巴氏杆菌病的诊洽

巴氏杆菌病是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的多种畜禽及野生动物的一种传染病的总称。羊巴氏杆菌病又称羊出血性败血病。其特征为高热，皮下有浆液浸润点状出血，胸腔内有黄色渗出物；肺出血、淤血部分有肝变特征；胃肠黏膜出血；脾肿大，其它脏器水肿和淤血。     

1例小尾寒羊巴氏杆菌病的诊治

<正>巴氏杆菌病是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的多种畜禽及野生动物的一种传染病的总称。羊巴氏杆菌病又称羊出血性败血病。其特征为高热,皮下有浆液浸润点状出血,胸腔内有黄色渗出物;肺出血、淤血部分有肝变特征;胃肠黏膜出血;脾肿大,     

牦牛多杀性巴氏杆菌病病原的分离与鉴定

牛多杀性巴氏杆菌病又称牛出血性败血症,是以高热、肺炎、急性胃肠炎及内脏广泛性出血为主要特征的一种急性、高热性传染病。2005年7月份,青海省某县农户饲养的牦牛有21头突然发病,发病率为28%(21/75);死亡21头,死亡率为100%。其临床症状为病初体温升高(41～42℃),精神沉郁,呆立,低头拱背,口吐白沫,卧地不起,饮食欲明显减退或废绝,呼吸加快,个别牛有痛苦性干咳,流涎,肌肉震颤,鼻镜干燥,两眼流泪;腹痛,下痢,粪便初为粥状,后期呈液状,间有黏液、黏膜碎片及血液,有恶臭;有个别牛鼻孔内和尿中混有血液。随病情发展在颈部、咽喉     

牦牛巴氏杆菌病的诊断

牛出血性败血病又称牛巴氏杆菌病．是由牛多杀性巴氏杆菌特定血清亚型引起牛的一种高度致死性痰病。其特征为高热、肺炎、急性胃肠炎以及内脏器官广泛出血。笔者于加10年4月份诊疗了一起牦牛巴氏杆菌病，现将诊疗经过报道如下：     

牛多杀性巴氏杆菌病的诊疗措施

牛多杀性巴氏杆菌病的发生与牛的饲养管理、季节变换等有关,并且健康牛在感染后不会立即发病。病原菌主要分布在牛的呼吸道和消化道中,使健康牛成为带菌牛,持续向外部环境中排菌,导致牛多杀性巴氏杆菌病的传播扩散。因此,诊疗该病时要明确牛多杀性巴氏杆菌病的类型及病症表现,结合剖检与实验室诊断手段,准确的识别该病,以便对症施治和用药,提高诊治效果。     

牛巴氏杆菌病的诊治

巴氏杆菌病是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的一种败血性传染病,牛的急性经过主要呈败血症和出血性炎症,故称牛出血性败血病(牛出败).此病以高热、肺炎、急性胃肠炎及内脏广泛出血为主要特征. 2010年10月初,临夏县某村发生黄牛以流涎和下颌、颈部水肿、呼吸困难为特征的疫病.该村共饲养牛75头,发病12头,发病率为16%;死亡5头,宰杀1头.     

牛出败的诊断与防治

牛出败病即牛出血性败血病,又称牛巴氏杆菌病,是一种由牛多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的急性、热性传染病,以高热、肺炎、急性胃肠炎以及内脏器官广泛出血为特征。由于该病的传播速度快、死亡率高,常常给养牛户带来较大经济损失。     

牛多杀性巴氏杆菌外膜蛋白的研究进展

多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pasteurella multocida,Pm)是引起牛巴氏杆菌病的主要病原体,牛A型多杀性巴氏杆菌主要引起牛肺炎和乳房炎,牛B型多杀性巴氏杆菌主要引起牛出血性败血症。以往,牛出血性败血症给我国养殖行业造成了严重危害。如今,牛A型多杀性巴氏杆菌病在我国报道逐渐增多,表现出了散发和地方流行的特征,再一次对我国的肉牛养殖业和奶牛养殖业以及其他相关行业的发展带来了很大的危害,亟待研究出安全有效的疫苗对其进行防治。牛多杀性巴氏杆菌病的外膜蛋白(outer manbrance proteins,0MPs)的研究将对后期研制相关疫苗产生积极的影响,笔者对牛多杀性巴氏杆菌的外膜蛋白及其基因分析等进行综合阐述。     

奶牛巴氏杆菌病的诊断与治疗

牛多杀性巴氏杆菌病又称为牛出血性败血症,是以高热、肺炎、急性胃肠炎和内脏广泛性出血为特征的急性败血性传染病,对养牛业造成了很大的经济损失.2008年7月中旬,张家口市某奶牛场发生疑似巴氏杆菌感染来我实验室就诊,经过病原的分离鉴定、流行病学调查、临床症状、病理剖检等,确诊为牛多杀性巴氏杆菌病,并作了药物敏感试验,为其筛选了敏感药物,取得了很好的治疗效果.     

三种疫苗对牦牛免疫血清抗体效价监测分析

为监测牛病毒性/黏膜病灭活疫苗、牛副伤寒灭活疫苗及多杀性巴氏杆菌病灭活疫苗对牦牛的免疫效果,本试验选取健康牦牛40头,以多杀性巴氏杆菌病灭活疫苗每头4 mL的剂量、牛病毒性/黏膜病灭活疫苗及牛副伤寒灭活疫苗每头2 mL的剂量进行接种,并于免疫后30、60、90、120、150和180 d后采集血液,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法对牦牛血清抗体进行检测。结果表明,病毒性/黏膜病灭活疫苗免疫保护效果较好,免疫6个月后能维持较高的血清抗体效价;牛副伤寒灭活疫苗及多杀性巴氏杆菌灭活疫苗免疫抗体效价较低。本试验对免疫后抗体的监测评估为今后牦牛三种疫病的疫苗免疫防控提供了数据支撑。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。