《林业实用技术》征稿启事

稿件录用条件 以“科技创新”为主题，刊登录用广大科研、教学、技术推广等人员在实践中研究、积累、总结出的先进的具有实用价值及推广价值的科技成果、新技术、新产品等的论文、简报等，内容包括：造林与经营，育苗，森林保护，林副特产种植、加工、养殖，城市、园林绿化，森林旅游，森林公园，自然保护区，资源保护与开发，数字林业，机械与设备，术材加工，名优特新物种介绍等内容。优先录用具有自主创新、自主知识产权、原创的，国家、省基金项目的，国家、省重点攻关（支撑）项目的科技成果、新技术研究、     

香草及其精品介绍

香草，原产于地中海沿岸，有草本、木本，一年生、多年生，赏叶、赏花，地植、盆栽，蔬菜用、制香用、工业用之分。名品有香水。香兰、香芥、香薄荷、百里香、千层楼等品种，俏销国内外草坛。 香草散发香味的原理是，其体内含有几十种挥发性化合物醇类、酯类、醛类、酮类等芳香物质，故枝叶能源源不断地散发出怡人的香气，有淡香、幽香、暗香、沉香之分，芳香、醇香、浓香、醉香之别，备受青睐。 香草受宠，除了其本身的清秀、雅致、艳丽、妩媚，在绿化地被，净化空气，美化居室，给人以美的享受方面的独特功能外，作为餐桌美蔬，香精、香荣…     

百日红

百日红学名紫薇，落叶小乔木，抗污染能力极强，在二氧化硫、氰化物严重污染区仍生长繁茂。有净化空气，有利于人类健康的作用。其皮、花、木均可人药，有活血、通经、止血、解毒、消肿之功能，对各种出血、骨折、乳腺火、湿疹、肝炎、肝硬化、肝腹水疗效显著。种子可制农药，有驱杀害虫之效。 它适应性强，即耐寒、耐热又耐干旱，对土壤要求不严，管理粗放，省工、见效快。当年用种子播的苗，当年即能开花，花朵美丽多姿，色彩艳丽，有大红、桃红、紫、白等各色，满树繁光似锦，高雅状观，是名贵的庭院观赏树木。 以上两项，联系信息如下 …     

果蔬饰家 秀色可餐

如今，越来越多的家庭乔迁新居后，都希望能把小家庭装饰得既高雅又不失趣味。于是，许多家庭采用了新鲜果蔬来装饰居室，这真是不失为一种美化生活的好点子，并已成为一种新的时尚。 瓜果蔬菜品种繁多，色彩鲜艳，形态优美，如葡萄、香蕉、苹果、樱桃、桔子、菠萝、红枣、梨、山楂、黄瓜、五色椒、七彩菠菜……有的圆润玲珑，有的憨厚朴实，有的秀雅娇嫩，有的色艳味香，有的如金钩弯月，有的似金珠玛瑙，红、橙、黄、绿的色彩，形状各异的造型，都散发着浓烈的自然气息，极易激起人们欢畅的视觉情绪，引发对大自然恩赐的热爱与生命的呼唤…     

西山话茶

出于对西山茶的仰慕，虽值南国盛夏，骄阳似火，却丝毫未冲淡我们游览桂平西山的兴趣。来到西山，果然是另一番天地，山上古树参天，清泉甘冽，泉水从石岩中流出，冬不竭，夏不溢，其味清甜。用泉水泡茶，茶味芳香，半山坡上的西山茶，漫山遍野，郁郁葱葱。西山茶远销各地，驰名于世。 　　茶树是一种常绿的灌木，秋天开白花，嫩叶经过加工后就是茶叶。现代文明给人类带来了种种福音，人们通过生化检验，发现茶叶除含有水份、粗纤维、胶质、叶绿素外，还含有生物碱，其中包括咖啡碱、茶碱、黄嘌呤、黄酮类、鞣酸、维生素 A、维生素 B1、…     

名花的雅称

梅花，“清客”、“报春使者”，先春而发，不畏风雪，象征坚强不屈。　　山茶花，“岩客”，性耐霜雪，香艳经久，象征谦逊。　　月季花，“月月红”、“人间不老春”，枝叶扶疏，色泽妍丽，象征生活的幸福。　　杜鹃花，“山客”，与山茶、仙客来、石蜡红、吊钟海棠并称“盆花五姐妹”，象征大方。　　牡丹，“贵客”、“花中王”、“国色天香”，艳冠群芳，高贵俊逸，象征富贵兴旺。　　兰花，“香祖”、“幽客”、“空谷佳人”，清幽脱俗，正气清远，象征品质高尚。　　荷花，“净客”、“花中君子”，亭亭玉立，出污泥而不染，象征纯洁…     

1988—200O年银杏中文版专著及译著目录

l、银杏叶健康法，[日]仁木繁编，台湾正义出版社，1988年5月。 2、银杏趣谈，徐江森著，四川科技出版社，1988年8月。 3、中国银杏，梁立兴编著，山东科技出版社，1988年9月。 4、银杏的栽培，何凤仁著，江苏科技出版社，1989年10月。 5、邳县银杏志，张清吉主笔，海潮出版社，1989年10月。 6、全国首届银杏首届学术研讨会论文集，中国银杏协会筹委会、湖北省安陆县银杏协会合编，湖北科技 出版社，1992年7月。 7、银杏栽培技术，张洁编著，金盾出版社，1992年9月。 8、银杏早果丰产新技术，陈章久，天津教育出版社，1992年10月。 9、泰兴大白果，江苏省泰兴市政协文史资料委员会编，农业出版社，1993年1月 10、银杏栽培，侯九寰、皇甫桂月、张永瑞编著，科技文献出版社，1993年3月。 11、银杏栽培，杨胜学、史继孔、樊卫国、王江编，贵州民族出版社，1993年3月。 12、银杏的威力，[目]仁木繁编，台湾青春出版社，1993年3月。 13、银杏丰产栽培，邢世岩编著，济南出版社，1993年8月。 14、银杏栽培技术问答，李健、许振方编著，成都科技大学出版社，1993年8月。 15、中国果树志·银杏卷，郭善基主编，中国林业出版社，1993年9月。 16、中国当代银杏大全，梁立兴编著，北京农业大学出版社，1993年10月。 17、银杏栽培及产品加工技术，许慕农、胡大维主编，中国林业出版社，1993年12月。 18、全国第二次银杏学术研讨会论文集，中国林学会经济林分会银杏研究会、安陆市银杏协会、泰兴市 银杏协会合编，湖北科技出版社，1994年7月。 19、银杏栽培与加工，董云岚、魏玉君主编，河南科技出版社，1995年4月。 20、全国第三次银杏学术研讨会论文集，中国林学会经济林分会银杏研究会、山东省郯城县林业局合 编，湖北科技出版社，1995年8月。 21、银杏叶及其制剂，周维书、黄振安、郑爱云编著，化学工业出版社，1995年10月。 22、银杏病虫害防治，张格权编著，成都科技大学出版社，1995年12月。 23、银杏生产百事问，韩宁林、张云跃编著，中国农业出版社，1996年2月。 24、银杏叶，生活医学出版部主编，台湾生活医学书房，1996年3月。 25、银杏叶的开发利用，李兆龙、胡季强、卢耀明编著，上海科技文献出版社，1996年4月。 26、全国第四次银杏研讨会论文集，中国林学会经济林分会银杏研究会、河南省新县林业局合编，中国 林业出版社，1996年7月。 27、银杏优良品种及其丰产优质栽培技术，郭善基、钱炳炎、李健等编写，中国林业出版社，1996年 10月。 28、银杏栽培，薛克成、胡世平、肖斌编著，安徽科技出版社，1997年5月。 29、全国第五次银杏学术研讨会论文集，中国林学会经济林分会银杏研究会、广东省南雄市农业委员会 合编，广东科技出版社，1997年8月。 30、银杏，韩宁林编，经济管理出版社，1997年8月。 31、叶用核用银杏丰产栽培，邢世岩著，中国林业出版社，1997年8月。 32、银杏生产实用技术，侯九寰、徐华勤主编，中国科技出版社，1998年7月。 33、全国第六次银杏学术研讨会论文集，中国林学会经济林分会银杏研究会、湖北省随州市林业局合 编，湖北省随州市林业局[1998]鄂随图内字第006号，1998年8月。 34、银杏优质丰产栽培技术问答，门秀元编著，山东科学技术出版社，1998年8月。 35、银杏三高栽培技术，苏淑钗，冷平生编著，中国农业大学出版社，1998年11月。 36、银杏良种丰产、病虫防治、加工利用，丁云恩主编，中国林业出版社，1999年2月。 37、银杏高产栽培与综合利用技术，江苏邳州市银杏研究所编著，江苏科技出版社，1999年6月。 38、银杏与生命，欧黎虹主编，湖北科技出版社，1999年7月。 39、全国第七次银杏学术研讨会论文集，中国林学会经济林分会银杏研究会、广西壮族自治区桂林地区 行政公署合编，中国林业出版社，1999年8月。 40、银杏果用林栽培，韩宁林编著，科学普及出版社，1999年8月。 41、银杏叶用林栽培，韩宁林编著，科学普及出版社，1999年8月。 42、银杏培育机理及综合开发利用，曹福亮主编，中国林业出版社，2000年1月。 43、银杏栽培与加工技术，刘燕君、陈章久、谢笔钧编著，湖北科技出版社，2000年2月。 44、银杏栽培技术200问，李群编著，上海科学普及出版社，2000年6月。 45、全国第八次银杏学术研讨会论文集，中国林学会经济林分会银杏研究会、湖北省巴东县人民政府合 编，湖北科技出版社，2000年8月。 46、银杏栽培与发展研究，董步生主编，东南大学出版社，2000年8月。 47、银杏的魅力，湖北省老区建设促进会编，湖北科技出版社，2000年8月。 48、银杏，朱奕庆主编，贵州科技出版社，2000年12月。 林协辑     

绿色军营

武警后勤基地官兵奋战18年，终于在曾经风沙弥漫、污水横流、臭气熏天、垃圾遍地的黄土坡上建成武警部队首批“绿色营区”。他们科学规期，分步实施，扎实推进，做到了建一片，活一片，绿一片。几年来共种植草坪5.8万平方米、花卉1.5万余株、树木2000余棵、绿篱5000多延长米，建成了月季园、碧桃园、金柿园，形成了乔、灌、花、草、藤配置适当，高、中、低层次合理的格局，实现了自动化节水灌溉、艺术化节能照明，呈现出绿树成荫，绿篱成行，四季常青，三季有花，秋季硕果累累的园林景观，为官兵创造了一个优美、舒适、休闲的工作、训练、生…     

丽江林业——世界遗产的绿色堡垒

走进丽江，映入眼帘的是青山绿水，如诗如画，良好的生态环境和丰富的自然亲赋，是祖先留给我们的珍贵遗产，更是我们赖以生存和发展的宝贵财富几年来，全市林业广大干部职工，紧紧围绕“生态文明建设”目标，开拓创新，真抓实干，锐意进取，采取“禁、造、管、封、节、改、退”等多种形式，保护发展森林资源，加快生态建设和产业发展。全市森林资源大幅增加，生态环境明显改善，林业各项工作取得显著成绩。     

鄂尔多斯沙质荒漠化土地治理技术

建国以来，鄂尔多斯沙质荒漠化的治理，已取得了巨大的成就，积累了丰富的经验，尤其在农田、牧场、交通等方面的治理上摸索出了比较成功的技术，诸如，流沙的固定技术，防护林体系建立技术，水、草、林、粮、机、种、养、加、产、供、销之配套库伦建设技术，封育保护、培育改良、合理利用天然草场建立饲草、饲料、人工草场技术，飞播治沙技术，节水技术，沙地混农林业复合经营技术，坝系生态农业小流域治理技术，     

Browsing Damage on Pine (Pinus sylvestris and P. contorta) by a migrating moose (Alces alces) Population in Winter: Relation to Habitat Composition and Road Barriers

In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads.     

Effects of Root Freezing on the Physiology and Growth of Picea glauca,Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana Seedlings Under Different Soil Moisture Regimes

The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage.     

Stand Structure in Pine,Spruce and Deciduous Forests: A Comparison Between Finnish and Russian Karelia

This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland.     

Growth and Terminal Bud Formation in Picea abies Seedlings Grown with Alternating Diurnal Temperature and Different Light Qualities

The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions.     

CAD与建筑设计的关系

本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。     

Risk Perception Among Non-industrial Private Forest Owners

Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken.     

Interactions in decomposition and N mineralization between tropical legume residue components

In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts (stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea, largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols. Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its components are mixed.     

Pasture production and tree growth in a young pine plantation fertilized with inorganic fertilizers and milk sewage in northwestern Spain

The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization, (2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha⁻¹ target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha⁻¹. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha⁻¹); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha⁻¹). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea (Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m², with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral systems. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Key Habitats in the Norwegian Production Forest: A Case Study

This study investigated the forest history, structural characteristics, the presence of fungal species suggested to indicate ecological continuity in old-growth forest, and the species composition of saproxylic beetles in 30 old forest ''woodland key habitats'' (WKHs), and compared them with production forest in the same age-class in south-eastern Norway. No statistically significant differences in forest characteristics, community of saproxylic beetles or number of red-listed beetles were found between the WKHs and the production forest, probably owing to a combination of profound long-term logging and a lack of will to delineate sufficiently large WKHs in the one area with significantly less forestry impact. The study indicates the advantage of including forest history information in WKH selection where such data exist, and the importance of restoring habitats in heavily exploited forest landscapes.