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低聚果糖调节人体肠道菌群功能的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究低聚果糖调节人体肠道菌群的功能和效果,采用卫生部《保健食品检验与评价技术规范》调节肠道菌群功能检验方法进行检验,并将体检指标全部合格的120例成年志愿者随机分为试食组和空白对照组,试食组每天分别服用含量大于等于55%的低聚果糖6mL,空白组则采用果葡糖浆作为安慰剂,连续30d,比较摄食前后两组肠道菌群的变化情况。试验结果表明,试食组试验后较试验前粪便中双歧杆菌数量增加5.8%(P0.01),乳酸杆菌增加0.4%(P0.05),产气荚膜梭菌数量减少8.6%(P0.01),拟杆菌数量增加1.0%(P0.01),肠杆菌和肠球菌分别增加0.4%和0.8%(P0.05);与对照组相比,试验后试食组双歧杆菌增加4.2%(P0.01),乳酸杆菌减少21%(P0.05),产气荚膜梭菌减少7.2%(P0.01),拟杆菌减少0.4%(P0.05),而肠杆菌和肠球菌数量无明显变化(P0.05)。因此,每日摄食3.3g的低聚果糖亦具有调节人体肠道菌群,激活益生菌增殖并抑制有害菌的作用。 相似文献
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为了研究低聚果糖对小鼠肠道菌群影响与机体免疫调节的关系,分别选取18~22 g BALB/C健康清洁级雄性小鼠与清洁级昆明种雌性小鼠进行肠道菌群和免疫指标的检测.受试对象分别以0g/(kg·Bw)、0.69g/(kg·BW)、1.38g/(kg·BW)和4.15 g/k(kg·BW)灌胃低聚果糖,于给药后20 d测定粪便中双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、肠球菌、肠杆菌、产气英膜梭菌的菌数,33 d后测定细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能、单核-巨噬细胞功能、NK细胞活性等指标.试验结果表明,1.38 g/(kg·BW)低聚果糖能够促进乳杆菌的增加并抑制肠杆菌的增幅,4.15 g/(kg·BW)的低聚果糖能够促进乳杆菌和双歧杆菌的增加并抑制肠杆菌和肠球菌的增幅;低聚果糖可以提高小鼠的免疫力,两者之间具有关联作用. 相似文献
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为研究低聚果糖对肉兔生产性能、血液生化和肠道pH的影响,试验将420只体重相近、公母各半的35日龄健康新西兰断奶肉兔分为7个试验组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只,对照组饲喂基础日粮,4个处理组在基础日粮分别添加0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%低聚果糖,2个抗生素处理组分别添加10 mg/kg金霉素和10 mg/kg恩拉霉素,试验共42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,金霉素组和0.6%、0.8%低聚果糖组肉兔日增重分别显著提高9.58%、8.31%和7.76%,添加金霉素组和0.4%、0.6%、0.8%低聚果糖组血液葡萄糖浓度分别显著提高17.45%、21.34%、26.32%和19.47%,添加0.6%和0.8%低聚果糖组血液甘油三酯浓度分别显著提高26.26%和36.36%,0.8%低聚果糖组血液胆固醇浓度显著提高38.24%;添加低聚果糖可降低肠道pH但未达显著水平。本试验条件下,添加低聚果糖可一定程度替代金霉素和恩拉霉素,其最适添加量为0.6%。 相似文献
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膳食纤维与菊粉、低聚果糖等在哺乳动物小肠中不被酶所消化,属非消化碳水化合物,它们具有类似的持水力、难消化性引起的膨胀效应、粘滞性、吸收或粘结胆汁酸的能力以及肠道微生物发酵特性等理化特点,这些特性对动物肠道生理功能、代谢及患病风险等造成不可忽视的影响。本文综述了膳食纤维和菊粉、低聚果糖等对动物肠道生理功能及代谢的影响,并比较了其对肠道功能及代谢影响的异同点。 相似文献
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66头体重20kg左右的仔猪分成2组,每组3个重复,每个重复11头,分别饲喂含抗生素和低聚果糖日粮,研究其对仔猪生长性能的影响。结果表明,与抗生素组相比,添加0.15%低聚果糖组日增重提高4.71%(P〉0.05),采食量提高5.86%(P〉0.05),饲料转化率降低1.2%(P〉0.05),生物学综合评定值提高1.8%。由此可见,低聚果糖可替代抗生素应用于仔猪饲饲粮中。 相似文献
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胆汁酸(bile acid,BA)是胆汁的主要成分,主要在肝脏中合成,可以清理机体类固醇物质,对肠道脂类物质的吸收发挥重要的作用.肠道微生物是伴随人类进化形成的极为复杂的微生态系统,而BAs的代谢与肠道微生态系统之间有着密不可分的联系.文章依据现有的国内外相关研究对BAs代谢和肠道微生物对畜禽健康的影响进行综述. 相似文献
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基因组甲基化是通过甲基转移酶催化胞嘧啶转化为5-甲基胞嘧啶,是表观遗传学的重要组成部分,对许多生理活动具有重要影响。文中主要从甲基化在畜禽上的研究进展,以及近几年在长链非编码RNA等研究进展,概述DNA甲基化研究的发展。 相似文献
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CircRNAs are a new member of endogenous RNAs, which characterized by a closed-loop structure without terminated 5′ caps and 3′ tails via covalent bonding, which are evolutionarily conserved among different species and often exhibit tissue or developmental stage-specific expression. So far, thousands of circRNAs have been discovered in eukaryotic cells. CircRNAs are more stable due to its resistance to exonuclease implying important biological functions in all kingdoms of life. They could function as miRNA sponges, interfere with splicing and bind to protein to regulate the expression of host genes and so on. In addition, emerging evidence suggests that circRNAs are closely related to a series of physiological processes in livestock and poultry. In this review, we summarized the biogenesis mechanism, major biological function and detection methods and focused on research advance of circRNAs in livestock and poultry, aiming at providing certain reference value and novel techniques for the development of new molecular genetic markers and breeding of livestock and poultry. Meanwhile, we hope this review could show significant prospect for other researches. 相似文献
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Izabela Michalak Katarzyna Dziergowska Mahmoud Alagawany Mayada R. Farag Nahed A. El-Shall Hardeep Singh Tuli Talha Bin Emran Kuldeep Dhama 《The Veterinary quarterly》2022,42(1):68
The application of high doses of mineral feed additives in the form of inorganic salts increases the growth performance of animals, but at the same, due to their low bioavailability, can contaminate the environment. Therefore, there is a need to find a replacement of administering high doses of minerals with an equally effective alternative. The application of lower doses of metal-containing nanoparticles with the same effect on animal production could be a potential solution. In the present review, zinc, silver, copper, gold, selenium, and calcium nanoparticles are discussed as potential feed additives for animals. Production of nanoparticles under laboratory conditions using traditional chemical and physical methods as well as green and sustainable methods – biosynthesis has been described. Special attention has been paid to the biological properties of nanoparticles, as well as their effect on animal health and performance. Nano-minerals supplemented to animal feed (poultry, pigs, ruminants, rabbits) acting as growth-promoting, immune-stimulating and antimicrobial agents have been highlighted. Metal nanoparticles are known to exert a positive effect on animal performance, productivity, carcass traits through blood homeostasis maintenance, intestinal microflora, oxidative damage prevention, enhancement of immune responses, etc. Metal-containing nanoparticles can also be a solution for nutrient deficiencies in animals (higher bioavailability and absorption) and can enrich animal products with microelements like meat, milk, or eggs. Metal-containing nanoparticles are proposed to partially replace inorganic salts as feed additives. However, issues related to their potential toxicity and safety to livestock animals, poultry, humans, and the environment should be carefully investigated. 相似文献
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蒙脱石(smectite,SM)是一种由颗粒极细的铝硅酸盐构成的层状黏土,具有吸附重金属、霉菌毒素、病原菌、细菌毒素和维护胃肠道黏膜及防治腹泻等功能.研究表明,SM能够缓解多种环境毒物对动物健康和生产造成的不利影响.饲粮中适量添加SM能提高畜禽生长和生产性能、提升畜产品品质、改善机体健康状况.文章简述SM的理化特性、主... 相似文献
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锰是动物机体的必需微量元素之一,具有促进动物生长、增强繁殖功能、维持骨骼形成和改善胴体品质等营养生理作用。本文主要介绍有机锰在畜禽生产中的营养功能。 相似文献
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本文从分布、代谢、营养、缺乏及过量方面阐述了钼的特点及在畜禽生产中的应用并指出钼研究领域存在的问题和研究方向。 相似文献