转基因稻谷日粮对肉仔鸡血清生化指标的影响

为了研究转基因稻谷日粮对肉仔鸡血液生化指标的影响,监测转基因稻谷对肉仔鸡健康状况的影响。试验将200只1日龄的肉仔鸡随机分成2组,试验组、对照组分别饲喂转基因稻谷及其亲本配制的基础日粮。21日龄、42日龄时测定试验组与对照组血液生化指标之间的差异。结果表明:饲喂含有转基因稻谷日粮的肉仔鸡在早期可降低碱性磷酸酶含量,降低后期血液中尿酸含量,而对其它血液生化指标无显著影响。转基因稻谷日粮作为肉仔鸡的饲料原料对肉仔鸡血液生化指标未造成负面影响。     

大豆寡糖在肉仔鸡日粮中的应用

72只 1日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡 ,随机分成 3组 (对照组、试验组 1和试验组 2 ) ,对照组喂给基础日粮 ,试验组 1和试验组 2分别在基础日粮中添加 0 .3%的大豆寡糖和 0 .0 3%的金霉素 ,研究日粮中添加大豆寡糖 (SBOS)对肉仔鸡生产性能、肠道微生态、营养物质利用率及脂肪代谢的影响。结果表明 ,试验 1组的日增重和日采食量提高 ;2 1日龄肉仔鸡双歧杆菌的数量增加 ,而大肠杆菌的数量降低 ,4 2日龄肉仔鸡双歧杆菌和大肠杆菌的数量未受影响 ;营养物质利用率提高 ;粪便中胆固醇的含量增加 ,血清和鸡肉中胆固醇的含量未受影响。这证明大豆寡糖可以提高肉仔鸡的生产性能 ,提高营养物质利用率和改善肉仔鸡幼龄时的肠道微生态环境 ,因而可作为抗生素的替代品应用于肉仔鸡日粮中。     

壳聚糖对肉仔鸡抗氧化能力及免疫器官指数的影响

本试验旨在探讨壳聚糖对AA肉仔鸡抗氧化能力及免疫器官指数的影响.选择96只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分成4个日粮处理组,每组4个重复,每个重复6只鸡.第1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,第2、3、4组分别在基础日粮中添加50、100、150mg/㎏的壳聚糖,试验期42d.结果表明:在21日龄时,与对照组相比,各试验组之间肉鸡血清...     

荞麦蜂花粉多糖对肉仔鸡免疫功能、血脂及抗氧化能力的影响

试验旨在观察日粮中添加荞麦蜂花粉多糖对肉仔鸡免疫功能、血脂及抗氧化能力的影响。将200羽1日龄AA肉仔鸡随机分为空白对照组、试验1、2、3组,每组5个重复,每个重复10羽。其中对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别在基础日粮中添加500.0、1000.0、1500.0 mg/kg的荞麦蜂花粉多糖。饲养试验期为42 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验1、2、3组可显著提高肉仔鸡脾脏指数、胸腺指数与血清IgG含量,能显著升高血清SOD与GSH-Px活性,降低MDA含量（P<0.05）。另外,试验2、3组还可显著提高法氏囊指数与血清IgA、IgM含量,并明显降低血清胆固醇含量（P<0.05）。但各试验组对肉仔鸡生长性能、甘油三酯含量无明显影响（P>0.05）。试验结果表明,基础日粮中添加荞麦蜂花粉多糖,可明显促进肉仔鸡免疫功能,降低血清胆固醇,并明显提高肉仔鸡抗氧化能力。提示荞麦蜂花粉多糖可能是一种较好的纯天然肉仔鸡免疫增强剂与抗氧化剂。     

糖肽酮萜素对肉仔鸡屠宰性能与肉质性状的影响

选1日龄Avian肉仔鸡600羽,随机分成3组,每组4个重复,每个重复50羽。空白对照组基础日粮(无抗生素添加剂日粮),抗生素对照组基础日粮 380mg/kg金霉素,试验组饲喂基础日粮 500mg/kg糖肽酮萜素,试验期49d。屠宰试验结果表明,在饲料中添加糖肽酮萜素有提高肉仔鸡的腿肌率和胸肌率以及降低腹脂率的趋势(P<0.05);试验组肌肉中的胆固醇含量较空白对照组和抗生素对照组分别降低了28.94%和27.15%,差异极显著;试验组的胸肌中重金属铅的含量比空白对照组和抗生素对照组分别降低了27.13%和19.66%,差异显著;试验组的重金属镉的含量比空白对照组和抗生素对照组分别降低了36.00%和30.43%,差异极显著。试验结果表明,饲料中添加糖肽酮萜素可以明显提高肉仔鸡的屠宰性能和改善肉质性状。     

复方中药健胃促长剂对肉仔鸡鸡肉品质的影响

为了探讨复方中药健胃促长剂对肉仔鸡鸡肉品质的影响,本研究按照单因子试验设计,将体重接近的160只14日龄AA肉鸡随机分为4组,每组10重复,每重复4只。其中1组为空白对照组,饲喂基础日粮;2、3、4组为试验组,从15日龄起,分别在基础日粮添加0.5%、1%、2%复合健胃促长剂,连续饲喂3周。测定各组肌肉的pH、滴水损失、鸡肌肉的丙二醛含量（MDA）以及总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）。结果表明,试验组肉仔鸡24 h滴水损失率、45 min pH、24 h pH较对照组有改善趋势（P＜0.05）,48 h滴水损失率差异显著（P＜0.05）,0 h与48 h MDA、T-AOC差异显著（P＜0.05）。结果显示在肉仔鸡日粮中添加复合绿色健胃促长剂对肉仔鸡肌肉品质无不良影响。     

虫源性壳聚糖对0～3周龄AA肉仔鸡生产性能的影响

饲料中添加1%的虫源性壳聚糖,对0～3周龄AA肉仔鸡的采食量影响不显著(P>0.05),但对0～7日龄的试验组,料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05),增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05);而1%的虫源性壳聚糖添加水平条件下,第14和21天试验组的平均总胆固醇含量都显著低于对照组(P<0.05),第14、21天血清总胆固醇含量分别比对照组低11.29%、15.81%,说明1%的虫源性壳聚糖对1～7日龄肉仔鸡的增重作用明显,同时可显著提高1～7日龄肉仔鸡的饲料报酬。在肉鸡日粮中添加虫源性壳聚糖可显著降低肉鸡血清胆固醇的含量。     

桔梗多糖提取物对肉仔鸡抗氧化性能的影响

试验旨在探讨桔梗多糖提取物对肉仔鸡抗氧化性能的影响,挑选1日龄出生体重相近的1日龄AA肉鸡180只,采用单因子设计,随机分成3组.空白对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1组、试验2组分别饲喂在基础日粮上添加1000ppm、1500ppm桔梗多糖提取物的日粮.试验结果表明,日粮里添加桔梗多糖提取物提高了肉仔鸡血清和肝脏中SOD活性,降低了血清和肝脏中MDA的含量,从而提高肉仔鸡的抗氧化能力,日粮中添加1000ppm-1500PPm桔梗多糖提取物效果较好.     

复合微生态制剂对肉仔鸡血清生化指标和十二指肠组织形态的影响

本试验旨在研究由鼠李糖乳杆菌和啤酒酵母共生培养物制备的复合微生态制剂对肉仔鸡血清生化指标和十二指肠组织形态的影响。试验选用1日龄健康艾维茵肉仔鸡240只,随机分为6个组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组饲喂含600 mg/kg金霉素的基础日粮,4个试验组饲喂基础日粮,并在饮水中分别添加0.1%、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%复合微生态制剂。试验结果表明,复合微生态制剂能有效提高肉仔鸡血清钙、磷、总蛋白、球蛋白和白蛋白的含量(P＜0.05),能降低胆固醇的含量和白球比(P＜0.05),并使十二指肠肠绒毛密度增加,长度显著增长(P＜0.05)。复合微生态制剂对肉仔鸡血清中某些生化指标和十二指肠组织形态有一定的影响。     

转植酸酶基因玉米对肉仔鸡血液生理生化指标和免疫功能的影响

试验旨在研究转植酸酶基因玉米对肉仔鸡血液生理生化指标和免疫功能的影响。采用单因子完全随机设计,将160只1日龄AA肉仔公雏鸡分成2组,分别为对照组和试验组,每组10个重复笼,每个重复笼8只鸡。对照组饲喂非转植酸酶基因亲本玉米日粮,试验组饲喂转植酸酶基因玉米日粮,两组鸡在试验期间饲喂日粮中的可利用磷等所有养分含量均相等或相近。试验期为42 d,分为1~21和22~42日龄2个饲养阶段。结果显示,试验组与对照组相比,42日龄肉仔鸡的血液生理生化指标、免疫器官指数、血清新城疫抗体滴度和全血T淋巴细胞转化率均无显著差异(P＞0.05);21日龄肉仔鸡的血清新城疫抗体滴度也无显著差异(P＞0.05)。因此,转植酸酶基因玉米日粮对肉仔鸡未产生不良影响,可安全饲喂于肉仔鸡。     

国内生态恢复研究进展

本文介绍了生态恢复的研究进展,从生态恢复的定义、退化生态系统的指标等方面进行阐述,重点对国内在恢复生态学方面的进展做了介绍.对当前的人工草地、草地农业的研究情况做了一些概述.     

国内生态恢复研究进展

本文介绍了生态恢复的研究进展,从生态恢复的定义、退化生态系统的指标等方面进行阐述,重点对国内在恢复生态学方面的进展做了介绍。对当前的人工草地、草地农业的研究情况做了一些概述。     

Veterinary pathology in Europe in the light of the congresses of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology in the last decade

This paper presents the main trends in the activity of European veterinary pathologists in the context of their oral presentations (plenary lectures and short presentations) and posters provided during annual meetings of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology (ESVP), in the decade 1997-2006. It was found that the issue that was most often brought up in the meetings was organ pathology (566 presentations). Infectious and parasitical diseases were only slightly less frequent (548 presentations). Oncology was another common issue (404 presentations). During this decade, 52 plenary lectures were presented, 765 oral presentations and 1 072 posters. Altogether, 1 889 presentations were made, which is between 127 and 238 per year. Research by Polish scientists accounted for 3.16% of all presentations. Additionally, the subject matter discussed at the annual meetings is analysed, and the trends in the development of veterinary diagnostic pathology and broad pathology education are indicated. It is shown that veterinary pathology enhances knowledge in the field of veterinary medicine by fulfilling a cognitive and diagnostic role.     

Application of the log-linear model in the prediction of the antinuclear antibody test in the dog

To find possible associations between antinuclear antibody (ANA) pattern, ANA titer, and certain clinical changes and clinical laboratory test results in dogs, the veterinary medical records of 111 ANA-positive and 126 ANA-negative dogs were examined. Variables could not be found that had significant associations with ANA pattern (unlike the results in persons), because of the predominance of 2 patterns. A log-linear model for ANA titer adequately fit the observed frequency and included 2-way interactions between titer and polyarthritis, titer and hematologic disorders, and polyarthritis and lymphadenopathy.     

Evidence for the non-involvement of the uterus in the lifespan of the corpus luteum in the cyclic dog

Progesterone levels in peripheral blood of dogs were analysed during the cycle in which hysterectomy (n = 5) or sham surgery (n = 3) was performed as well as during the cycle of dogs (n = 5) hysterectomized at least one year prior to this study; the data were compared with the findings in control dogs (n = 3). The averages of the duration of the luteal period observed in the three experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. Immediately after surgery, the progesterone level decreased from 25 to 50% of the presurgical level, but returned to presurgical level in about four days. Prolactin levels were elevated for about 30 h after surgery. Nevertheless, the averages of the mean prolactin levels for each animal during the luteal period of the experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. It is concluded that in the dog, the uterus is not involved in the lifespan of the cyclic corpus luteum.     

Disturbance in the growth of the radius in dogs

In a 4-year period nine dogs have been met in which there was incomplete growth of the radius. The condition was unilateral in eight dogs and bilateral in one. Two were littermates. The defect is due to premature cessation of growth of the distal growth plate of the radius but the cause of this is not precisely known. It is recognized by characteristic radiographic changes in radius length, elbow joint space and premature closure of the distal growth plate of the radius. A method of surgical treatment has been devised and has proved beneficial in five dogs. Zusammenfassung. In einer Vierjahresperiode wurden neun Hunde beobachtet, bei denen ein unvollständiges Wachstum des Radius vorlag. Bei acht Hunden war der Zustand nur auf einer Seite zu finden, bei einem Hund auf beiden Seiten. Zwei der Hunde gehörten zum gleichen Wurf. Der Mangel ist auf verfrühte Wachstumseinstellung der distalen Wachstumsplatte des Radius zurückzuführen, jedoch ist die Ursache davon nicht genau bekannt. Er wird an charakteristischen radiographischen Veränderungen der Radiuslänge, des Ellbogengelenkzwischenraums und vorzeitigem Abschluss der distalen Wachstumsplatte des Radius erkannt. Es wurde eine chirurgische Behandlungsmethode entwickelt, die sich bei fünf Hunden als nutzlich erwies. Résumé. Au cows d'une période de 4 ans on a observé 9 cas de croissance incomplète du radius chez des chiens; l'anomalie était unilatérale dans 8 cas et bilatérale dans un cas; deux chiens appartenaient à la même portée. L'anomalie est due à l'arrêt prématuré de croissance de la plaque de croissance distale du radius, mais la cause n'en est pas encore connue d'une manière précise. Le diagnostic se fait par les signes radiologiques caractéristiques, modifications de la longueur du radius, de l'articulation du coude et soudure prématurée de la plaque de croissance du radius. On a élaboré une méthode de traitement chirurgical, qui s'est montrée favorable chez 5 chiens.     

Modelling the transmission of Echinococcus granulosus in dogs in the northwest and in the southwest of Morocco

Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) infection was studied in 151 dogs in two regions of Morocco: 68 dogs in the northwest (Loukkos) and 83 dogs in the southwest (Tiznit). The mean prevalence rates of echinococcosis in dogs were 58.82% (46.23-70.63%) in Loukkos and 55.42% (44.10-66.34%) in Tiznit and the mean abundances of E. granulosus per dog were 75 (59-93) and 547 (504-595), respectively. The mean abundance of E. granulosus in dogs was fitted to a negative binomial distribution by the maximum likelihood techniques to define parameters. E. granulosus was aggregated in dogs in the two regions. The prevalence of infection and the abundance of E. granulosus in dogs were fitted to mathematical models in order to determine if the parasite population is partly regulated by definitive host immunity. The best fit was obtained with the models assuming the presence of immunity. The mean time of exposure to infection was similar in the two regions and ranged from 8 months to about 2 years. The infection pressures (number of E. granulosus) obtained per dog each year were 65 (8-294) in Loukkos and 476 (316-886) in Tiznit. The proportion of dogs susceptible to infection was still high along the life of the dogs in Loukkos, while it was not different from zero in old dogs of Tiznit.