河南省黄楼村村庄规划中土地节约集约利用研究

土地的节约集约利用是缓解土地供需矛盾、保障新时期社会经济稳定发展的必然选择。笔者以河南省商城县双椿铺镇黄楼村为研究实例,针对黄楼村村庄建设现状,分析其存在的问题,根据村庄节约集约建设标准,将节地理念贯穿到整个村庄规划中,通过规划手段来实现土地的节约集约利用。结果表明,通过规划前后的对比,黄楼村建设用地节地效果显著,规划前村庄建设用地面积为41.35 hm2,人均建设用地面积为205.52 m2/人;规划后建设用地面积为19.14 hm2,人均建设用地面积为88.55 m2/人,建设用地面积减少了22.21 hm2,人均建设用地面积减少了116.97 m2/人,土地节约集约利用水平大大提高,为同类村庄规划及土地节约集约利用提供了参考依据。     

基于村域范围的农村居民点布局评价与空间格局优化——以重庆石柱县临溪镇前进村为例

农村居民点布局的调整和格局的优化是新一轮土地利用总体规划的重要内容,对统筹城乡发展、增强区域经济等具有重要的作用,应用ARCGIS空间分析和统计功能技术以及景观指数的定量分析方法,以重庆市石柱县临溪镇前进村为研究区域,分析研究了在村域范围内农村居民点分布特征、居民点分布现状与该村自然、社会、经济等要素间的相互关系,并运用GIS多因素叠加模型,建立农村居民点空间格局优化。结果表明,前进村农村居民点的区位受坡度、河流、道路和耕作环境的综合影响,尤其道路指向更为紧密。前进村就居民点空间格局优化可分为优先发展区、重点发展、保留发展、搬迁区4种类型,该研究为科学指导农村居民点整理提供依据,具有一定的借鉴和扩展意义。     

“Five-in-one” Comprehensive Demonstration Village Planning of Nanzhou Village,Tacheng Town,Nanchang County

Against the background of accelerating new socialist countryside construction, Nanchang City proposed the "five-in-one" comprehensive demonstration village planning, including village planning and construction, characteristic industry, ecological optimization, leisure agriculture, and civilized local customs. Taking the planning of Nanzhou Village for example, this paper introduced specific construction contents of "five-in-one" comprehensive demonstration village, in order to provide references for the new countryside construction in other regions.     

黑龙江省勇跃村村屯建设规划前后土地利用效率对比分析

本研究旨在通过计量分析对比黑龙江省勇跃村村屯总体规划前后土地利用的集约情况,进而提高勇跃村土地集约利用度。结合研究区实际情况和收集资料的情况,采用层次分析法构建勇跃村土地利用集约评价指标体系,采用层次分析的方法确定各项评价指标因素的权重,建立多因素综合评价模型,统计分析勇跃村规划前、近期规划、规划后的土地集约利用综合评价值,并对其进行对比分析。结果表明,勇跃村土地集约利用综合评价值:规划前为39.05,近期规划为38.27,规划后为61.58。最后,为提高勇跃村土地集约利用度,提出了因地制宜、结合规划区实际情况编制规划;科学、合理布局新农村各类建设用地;严格控制农村存在的闲散地等建议。     

关于助推大学生村官创业的思考——以江苏省农业科学院为例

大学生村官是推进社会主义新农村建设、加快现代农业发展、带动农村脱贫致富的重要力量。以江苏省农科院为例,简述了农业科研单位实施助推大学生村官创业的现实意义,并针对帮扶村大学生村官农业知识缺乏、项目参与积极性不高、项目管理漏洞等影响大学生村官创业的主要问题,提炼了江苏省农业科学院助推模式,安排创业资金、制定创业项目、强化培训等,以及加快推进大学生村官创业工程的优化改进措施,从而为管理部门进一步加强大学生村官管理工作,构建大学生村官待得住、流得动长效机制提供实例参考。     

新农村建设中的区域农村村容现状与问题调查

根据对全国东中西部26个省份、202个村庄、2411份调研问卷的结果,重点从农村家庭燃料结构、农村道路、农村家庭饮水、厕所、秸秆处理、生活垃圾、植被绿化等方面对中国不同区域新农村建设的农村村容现状与问题进行详细分析,在此基础上提出"村容整洁"的新农村建设对策。     

制度约束下的乡村人居环境建设模式研究——以湖南省衡南县工联村为例

优化乡村人居环境,改善农户生活质量,统筹城乡发展是社会主义新农村建设的一项重要内容。以实地调研为基础资料,以湖南省新农村示范点——工联村为例,探索制度约束下乡村人居环境建设的特征、困境与优化路径。在集体合作经营体制下,工联村人居环境建设在筹集资金、约束农户人居行为、改善基础设施、推进社会事业等方面具有一定的制度优势,但也存在诸多困境。从4个方面提出了优化路径,即鼓励制度创新,完善人居环境建设模式;优化村庄布局,规范农户居住行为;加快村庄整治,引导农户生活行为;整体营销村庄,扩大人居环境示范效应。     

重庆市南岸区农村居民点整理潜力研究

为得出重庆市南岸区农村居民点整理潜力,对农村集体建设用地流转提供客观依据以及农村居民点用地管理提供理论支撑。采用人均农村居民点建设用地标准测算法对至2020年农村居民点整理潜力进行测算,然后采用闲置宅基地抽样调查法对其进行修正,获得农村居民点整理潜力。根据整理潜力和南岸区实际情况,对农村居民点合理布局进行了规划,并制作2020年重庆市南岸区农村居民点用地分布图。     

Characteristics and Protection Approaches of Human Settlement in Ancient Villages of Jiangxi: A Case Study of Ancient Dongyuan Zengs' Village

Ancient village as a precious historical and cultural heritage of China is hailed as the "eco-museum" of classical folk cultures and "living fossil" of rural history culture. This paper elaborated human settlement characteristics of ancient Dongyuan Zengs' Village, Jinxi County from the perspectives of village environment, history evolution, village layout and village building, and explored the substantial content of village human settlement protection, and proposed specifi c approaches of protecting the human settlement, such as ancient village layout, history and culture, and provided references for protecting human settlement of the ancient villages.     

Solutions to the Construction of Rural Spaces in China Based on Its Problems

Rural spaces in China have witnessed various problems,such as excessive village merging,urbanization of rural image,and loss of history,culture regional characteristics.Village merging in western Europe brought it severe lessons,but in the processing of its rural spaces,the locals respected the nature,manifested regional characteristics,respected the history,which is a valuable enlightenment for China to promote the overall optimization of rural space construction.     

花房村建设用地适宜性评价的GIS实现

村域建设用地适宜性评价是村级土地利用规划的基础,其在新农村建设及统筹城乡发展中具有重要的意义。笔者选取“千百工程”之一的重庆市巴南区天星寺镇花房村为例,采用权的最小平方法确定各指标的权重,通过GIS空间分析,根据得到的结果划分为4种土地适宜性评价等级：很适宜、较适宜、适宜、不适宜,并对研究区建设用地适宜性绘制了专题地图。研究结果表明：花房村村域内,天井山脉及其两侧不适宜布局建设用地,荔枝社、陈家嘴社和陶院子社建设用地适宜性较强,可布设“巴渝新村”。通过引入GIS技术,提高了建设用地适宜性评价的科学性和工作效率,对优化建设用地的空间布局提供了科学依据。     

“Five-in-one” Comprehensive Demonstration Village Planning of Nanzhou Village,Tacheng Town,Nanchang County

Against the background of accelerating new socialist countryside construction, Nanchang City proposed the "five-in-one" comprehensive demonstration village planning, including village planning and construction, characteristic industry, ecological optimization, leisure agriculture, and civilized local customs. Taking the planning of Nanzhou Village for example, this paper introduced specific construction contents of "five-in-one" comprehensive demonstration village, in order to provide references for the new countryside construction in other regions.     

Planning Strategies of Scenic-based Beautiful Countryside: A Case Study of Panxi Village,Wanli District,Nanchang

Scenic-based countryside planning model,one of the beautiful countryside construction models,has been just initiated without a sound rural planning theory system,thus it is not an effective instruction for the development of rural areas nearby the scenic areas.In view of this problem,this paper took Panxi Village in Wanli District of Nanchang City for example,analyzed its current situation comprehensively,figured out principal contradictions,set clear objectives,and proposed the corresponding planning strategies from 4 perspectives of rural functional orientation,industrial upgrading,exploration of characteristics,and village texture,to provide methods and ideas for the planning and development of such villages.     

GIS-based Village Layout Planning in Towns: A Case Study of Fengyang Town,Fenxi County,Jiangxi Province

Village layout planning is a fundamental work in the construction of beautiful countryside, and also a global work involving vital interests of vast farmers. Taking Fengyang Town of Fenxi County, Jiangxi Province for example, this paper applied Arc GIS to analyze natural facors, social economy, and construction factors quantitatively by evaluating development and construction conditions of each village comprehensively from the perspective of urban-rural integration. Classifying the villages into 4 types, namely urban reform type, concentrated development type, controlled construction type and relocation type, this paper tried to guide the scattered rural settlements to the intensive development.     

Measuring Smart Land Use in Urban–Rural Regions of China: A Case Study of Pukou,Nanjing City

This article expands the study of smart growth from urban space to urban–rural regions based on land use. It analyses smart land use in urban–rural regions. The study sets up an integrated measure indicator system of smart land use in urban–rural regions, which consisted of three subsystems: land amount controls, land form compactness, and land use efficiency. As a case study, the system was used to measure the smart land use in the Pukou District of Nanjing City, an area with intensive urbanization in the Yangtze River Delta of China. The results show that smart land use in the investigated area is increasing year by year, but it remains to be further improved. The integrated measure indicator system of smart land use in urban–rural regions is effective for measuring the level and status of regional smart land use.     

基于农户意愿的农村居民点宜居性调查研究——以重庆潼南县桂林街道八角村为例

农村居民点的宜居性将会影响居民点聚集效益的形成及农村集体建设用地的集约利用水平。笔者在对研究区实际调研的基础上,运用农户入户调查法、GIS技术,依据农户意愿对现存农村居民点进行宜居性调查研究。结果表明,宜居农村居民点应具有的条件包括：农户可接受的耕作半径、生产方便;道路通达度较高;满足农民下一代受教育的需求;完善的基础设施建设。     

干旱区村域种植业生产效益影响因素研究——以新疆奇台县三屯村为例

为了对干旱区村域种植业生产效益影响因素进行研究,以旱地区生态脆弱的奇台县西北湾乡三屯村为例,通过实地调查和入户问卷调研与访谈获取研究数据,利用回归分析方法,分析种植业成本构成及关键成本、成本与土地种植面积对种植业收益的影响、作物种植类型对种植业收益的影响。结果表明：打井成本和作物种植成本是影响农户种植业生产总成本的重要因素;种植业生产属于资本密集型,地租、作物种植成本和打井费用是影响种植业收益的主要因素;种植业属于粗放的土地资源依赖型,承包土地面积扩张是影响农民种植业收益的主要方式;小麦种植是农户的种植业的主要收益来源。     

河北省广平县土地整治增加耕地潜力研究

为了使土地整治规划及工业、商业等建设用地规划满足区域耕地总量动态平衡的要求,采用调查和统计方法,测算了广平县土地整治增加耕地潜力。结果表明：从潜力来源类型看,广平县土地整治增加耕地潜力从大到小依次是：耕地整理、农村居民点整理、土地开发、土地复垦;从潜力来源组合的区域分异看,广平县可分为：耕地和农村居民点综合整治区、耕地整治开发区、耕地整治为主兼顾农村居民点整治区。由此得出,优先安排广平镇城乡土地综合整治及东张孟乡沙荒地开发项目,适度推进其他乡镇耕地及农村居民点整治,制定鼓励村集体和农户自主开展土地复垦的政策,而无需安排复垦项目。     

Restoration and Regeneration of Traditional Villages' Culture under Rural Governance:A Case Study of Zhentou Village in Ji'an County

As the building of a socialist countryside in China is at a critical stage,village rules and regulations,as an important means of rural governance,is also in the orderly construction and operation. However,there still exist obvious shortcomings in the contemporary rural governance,which hinders the active inheritance of the traditional villages' culture. Through the in-depth analysis of the relevant theories of rural governance and the historical culture of Ancient Zhentou Village,this study is expected to exploit the concept of the ancient village's culture in the heart of its dwellers so as to help them to better collect their existing cultural heritage.     

Dilemma for the Redevelopment of Village and Town Construction Land,Formation Mechanism and Policy Suggestions

Under the context of economy new normal and rapid urbanization, the shift of economic growth, structural adjustment pains as well as pre-stimulus digestion comes coincidentally. The boundary red line of urban growth, the red line of the number of basic farms and the ecology red line makes the local to conserve land. Land stock for village and town construction is a huge amount of potential resources. Redevelopment of land for village and town construction provides ensured land security for the smooth progress of urbanization. Combining village and town construction land use characteristics and making in-depth analysis of the difficulties in the redevelopment of village and town construction and its inner mechanism, policies and suggestions were proposed for the redevelopment of village and town construction land in terms of land property, land price, market allocation, planning, surveillance and so on, so as to provide valuable reference for the smooth redevelopment of village and town construction land, and the system design of villages and towns.