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【目的】基于模型定量描述中熟籼粳杂交稻栽后植株磷素积累动态特征。【方法】以甬优中熟籼粳杂交稻甬优2640和甬优1640为试材,常规粳稻扬粳4038和扬粳4227、杂交籼稻新两优6380和扬两优6号为对照,研究甬优中熟籼粳杂交稻移栽后植株磷素积累特征及比较不同类型品种栽后植株磷素吸收利用特征差异。【结果】籼粳杂交稻产量和成熟期植株磷素积累量均显著高于常规粳稻和杂交籼稻。与常规粳稻和杂交籼稻相比,籼粳杂交稻籽粒吸磷量较高,磷素籽粒生产率则较低。籼粳杂交稻花后叶片磷素转运量低于常规粳稻和杂交籼稻,花后茎鞘磷素转运则介于二者之间。籼粳杂交稻栽后植株磷素积累动态以Gompertz方程拟合较好,常规粳稻和杂交籼稻则以Logistic方程拟合较好。籼粳杂交稻最大磷素积累速率高于常规粳稻和杂交籼稻。籼粳杂交稻、常规粳稻、杂交籼稻达到最大磷素积累速率的时间大致在栽后50~52、59~60和61~63 d。籼粳杂交稻在快增期和缓增期的磷素积累量显著高于常规粳稻和杂交籼稻,渐增期的磷素积累量则低于对照。籼粳杂交稻在快增期和缓增期的磷素积累速率和积累时间均高于常规粳稻和杂交籼稻。【结论】与常规粳稻和杂交籼稻相比,甬优中熟籼粳杂交稻在产量和成熟期植株磷素积累量上均具优势,其磷素积累优势主要体现在快增期和缓增期,这主要是由于在此两阶段较高的磷素积累速率和较长的积累时间。 相似文献
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甬优系列籼粳杂交稻中熟高产品系的株型特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以甬优系列籼粳杂交稻中熟类型品系为试材,常规粳稻宁粳3号和武运粳29、杂交籼稻丰两优香1号和新两优6380为对照,比较各类型在穗部特征、叶片形态以及茎秆特性上的差异。结果表明,1)依据甬优系列籼粳杂交稻两年中的产量表现,将其分成高产品系(产量>10.5 t/hm2)和中产品系(产量<10.5 t/hm2)。两年中,甬优系列籼粳杂交稻高产品系为甬优2638、甬优2640、甬优1610、甬优1612和甬优1640,中产品系为甬优1851、甬优1852、甬优7753、甬优1763和甬优 5854。产量构成因素方面,不同类型品种单株穗数、结实率和千粒重以常规粳稻最高,每穗粒数以高产品系最高。2)穗长以杂交籼稻最高,单穗重和着粒密度以高产品系最高;除穗下部二次枝粳籽粒数以杂交籼稻最高外,穗部其余5部位籽粒数均以高产品系、中产品系显著高于常规粳稻和杂交籼稻,且籽粒数以上部二次枝粳和中部二次枝粳的增加最为明显。3)上三叶的叶长和叶宽为中产品系>杂交籼稻>高产品系>常规粳稻,高产品系上三叶的卷曲率高于对应的中产品系;上部第1、2叶的叶基角和披垂角以高产品系最低。4)高产品系株高为118.7cm,高于常规粳稻(96.6cm),低于杂交籼稻(132.9cm)和中产品系(144.1cm);上部第1、2、3节间长度以中产品系最高、常规粳稻最低;穗长与穗下节间长占株高比例、穗下节间占秆长比例均以高产品系最低。单茎干质量、单茎鞘干质量、茎秆单位节间干质量以高产品系最高。提出了甬优籼粳交中熟高产品系的株型选育指标及配套高产栽培措施。 相似文献
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籼粳杂交稻甬优15是由宁波市农业科学研究院作物研究所、宁波市种子有限公司合作选育,2013年通过福建省品种审定。尤溪县2011年引进试种,应用面积逐年扩大,生产应用主要表现为产量水平高、生育期适中、抗性较好、稻米品质优。 相似文献
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优质籼粳杂交稻甬优17在永安市种植表现与栽培技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
甬优17系宁波市农业科学研究院作物研究所与宁波种子有限公司用甬粳4号A与甬恢12配组育成的亚种间籼粳杂交稻新品种,表现群体整齐,大穗多粒,着粒密,长势旺,产量高,米质优等特点,2014年通过福建省品种审定。介绍了甬优17在永安市的种植表现、特征特性及高产栽培技术。 相似文献
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对7个早籼稻品种(系)的产量及其构成因素和干物质积累量进行了相关分析。结果表明,杂交稻产量高于常规稻,平均较常规稻高10.0%。相关分析表明,产量与总颖花数和有效穗数分别呈极显著正相关和显著正相关,与每穗粒数、结实率、千粒重呈负相关,但均不显著。通径分析表明,总颖花数、结实率和千粒重对产量的直接作用均为正效应,其中,总颖花数贡献最大,结实率次之,千粒重作用最小。随生育期的推进,干物质积累量品种间差异逐渐减小,完熟期干物质积累量以陵两优106表现最高,金早47表现最低。干物质总积累量和干物质平均日积累量与总颖花数和产量分别呈极显著正相关和显著正相关,与结实率呈极显著负相关;抽穗前干物质积累量与产量相关度高于抽穗后干物质积累量。综上所述,台州地区早稻生产宜选用两系杂交早籼稻品种在生产上推广。生产中注重提高单位面积穗粒数,促进干物质积累量,更有利于早稻获得高产。 相似文献
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【Objective】This study was conducted to quantitatively describe the dynamic changes of phosphorus accumulation of medium-maturity japonica/indica hybrids (MJIH) after transplanting based on simulation equations. 【Method】Yongyou 2640 and Yongyou 1640 were used as the test materials, and the japonica conventional rice (JC) cultivar Yangjing 4038 and Yangjing 4227, and indica hybrid rice (IH) Xinliangyou 6380 and Yangliangyou 6 were used as controls to study phosphorus accumulation characteristics after transplanting, and the differences in phosphorus uptake and utilization characteristics after transplanting among different rice types were compared. 【Result】Grain yield and total phosphorus accumulation at maturity of MJIH were both significantly higher than JC and IH. Compared with JC and IH, MJIH had higher grain phosphorus accumulation, while lower phosphorus grain productivity. MJIH showed lower phosphorus translocation from leaf after heading compared with JC and IH, and its phosphorus translocation from stem after heading fell in between. Gompertz equation was used to simulate phosphorus accumulation after transplanting of MJIH, while logistic equations for JC and IH. MJIH showed higher maximum nitrogen accumulation rate than JC and IH. The maximum phosphorus accumulation rate of MJIH was observed at 50-52 d after transplanting, 59-60 d after transplanting for JC, and 61-63 d for IH, respectively. Compared with JC and IH, MJIH had higher phosphorus accumulation at the middle and late stages, while lower phosphorus accumulation at the early stage. The higher phosphorus accumulation at the middle and late stages of MJIH was attributed to its longer duration and higher accumulation rate, relative to JC and IH. 【Conclusion】Our results indicated that compared with JC and IH, MJIH had superior grain yield and total phosphorus accumulation. The advantage in phosphorus accumulation of MIJH over JC and IH was seen at the middle and late stages, mainly owing to its longer duration and higher accumulation rate. 相似文献
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Chang Shu Jing-hao Wu Gao-ling Shi Lai-qing Lou Jun-xia Deng Jian-lin Wan Qing-sheng Cai 《水稻科学》2015,22(3):123
Hydroponic cultures were conducted to compare the aluminum(Al) tolerance among different rice(Oryza sativa L.) varieties, including indica, japonica and their hybrids. The results showed that the root growth of rice plant was inhibited in different degrees among Al treated varieties. The Al tolerance observed through relative root elongation indicated that five japonica varieties including Longjing 9, Dharial, LGC 1, Ribenyou and Koshihikari were relatively more tolerant than indica varieties. Most indica varieties in this study, such as Aus 373 and 9311(awnless), were sensitive to Al toxicity. The Al tolerance of most progenies from japonica × indica or indica × japonica crosses was constantly consistent with indica parents. The differences of Al tolerance among Longjing 9(japonica), Yangdao 6(indica) and Wuyunjing 7(japonica) were studied. Biomass and the malondial-dehyde content of Yangdao 6 under Al exposure decreased and increased, respectively, while there was no significant effect on those of Longjing 9 and Wuyunjing 7. Remarkable reduction of root activities was observed in all these three rice varieties. Significantly higher Al content in roots was found in Yangdao 6 compared to Longjing 9 or Wuyunjing 7. 相似文献
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选择合适的防治药剂和防治次数是减轻稻曲病危害的关键。本研究以籼粳杂交稻甬优12为材料,比较了6种药剂和3种喷施次数对稻曲病的防控效果和产量性状差异。结果表明,在6种药剂中,阿米妙收处理的病穗率防效和病指防效最好,分别达到91.53%和96.63%,但与其他药剂无显著性差异。在防治次数上,爱苗和拿敌稳均为防治3次的处理病指防效最好,分别为81.73%和80.15%,显著高于防治次数3次以下的处理。阿米妙收处理的产量最高,达11 719.52 kg/hm~2,显著高于其他处理。 相似文献
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杂交粳稻产量及其构成因素的杂种优势与衰退初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以辽宁省当前主推杂交粳稻组合辽优5215的F1代、F2代及其亲本和常规对照品种辽粳294为试验材料,对杂交粳稻产量及其构成因素的杂种优势与衰退进行了初步研究。结果表明,杂交粳稻辽优5215F1代产量的超亲优势为18.5%,竞争优势为7.8%;株高、每穗实粒数的杂种优势明显,每穴穗数、结实率、千粒重的杂种优势为负值。F2代产量、整齐度均较F1代有所下降,产量下降4.96%,但未达显著水平;F2代产量竞争优势为2.43%,说明杂交粳稻F2代在生产上仍具有一定利用价值。 相似文献
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不同耕作方式对杂交籼稻生长特性和产量形成的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以杂交籼稻内5优5399为试验材料,研究了不同耕作方式对杂交籼稻生长特性和产量形成的影响。结果表明,不同耕作方式对杂交籼稻的分蘖、成穗率、叶面积指数、茎鞘物质转运量、茎叶物质转运量、净同化率和作物生长率均无显著影响,而干物质积累量在抽穗期达显著差异。在水稻全生育期内,旋耕处理的吸氮量和吸磷量均大于翻耕处理,但两处理亦无显著性差异;而两处理间的吸钾量在生育中期前差异达到显著水平,生育后期差异并不显著。产量构成方面,翻耕处理的每穗总粒数、结实率和千粒重显著高于旋耕处理,有效穗数高于旋耕处理,但差异未达显著水平。翻耕处理的产量为11 505.66 kg/hm~2,稍高于旋耕处理,两者差异未达到显著水平。综合来看,旋耕处理与翻耕处理对杂交籼稻生长特性和产量均无太大影响,从生产效率的角度来看,可根据实际情况推广旋耕耕作方式。 相似文献
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杂交中籼新组合特优559的选育与应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
特优559系江苏沿海地区农科所用提纯的龙特甫A与盐恢559配制育成的杂交中籼新组合。该组合在1993~1995年江苏省和全国区试中,产量连居第一,1996年4月,经江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定通过。预计“九五”期间在我国杂交中籼稻区有广阔的应用前景 相似文献