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以8个不同糯玉米品种为材料,利用高效液相色谱-质谱联用法,测定糯玉米适采期鲜子粒叶酸含量和蒸煮后熟子粒叶酸含量。结果表明,糯玉米品种间鲜子粒叶酸含量存在显著差异,京科糯928含量最高,为305.43μg/100 g;农科玉368、兆玉18、京科糯2016叶酸含量在200~300μg/100 g;京科糯2010、垦粘1号、中航糯3号和万糯2000等4个品种叶酸含量较低,为100~200μg/100 g。蒸煮后熟子粒叶酸含量呈降低趋势,品种间熟子粒叶酸含量和叶酸流失率存在显著差异。京科糯928、农科玉368、京科糯2016、京科糯2010和兆玉18的叶酸流失率低于25.52%。综合表明,京科糯928和农科玉368鲜子粒和熟子粒叶酸含量较高且稳定,属于高叶酸营养强化型鲜食糯玉米品种,适合大面积推广种植。 相似文献
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水稻是最重要的主粮之一,也是禾谷类作物基因组研究的模式作物。经过几十年的努力,我国科学家在水稻遗传学和功能基因组学领域取得了一系列创新性的成就,特别是在水稻理想株型、育性、广谱抗病、耐冷耐热、耐盐和养分高效利用方面的分子遗传机理解析,以及分子设计育种理论方面,开创了以水稻为模式作物研究复杂性状基因调控网络的新领域。展望了我国未来水稻分子生物学发展的趋势。 相似文献
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水稻是全球三大主粮中唯一起源于华夏大地的作物.百年来,水稻生产、稻米市场和稻米在人们日常经济生活中的地位发生了重大变化.本文从上述几个方面进行了大跨度比较分析和探讨.与百年前相比,我国人口增加了近10亿,但人均粮食占有量大幅增加,年人均粮食占有量从1920年前后的265 kg上升到2020年的440 kg左右,这是国民... 相似文献
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定西市安定区马铃薯主粮化发展分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
《中国马铃薯》2016,(3):186-190
马铃薯是中国仅次于水稻、玉米、小麦的第4大粮食作物,是重要的粮食、蔬菜、饲料和工业原料兼用作物。2015年,农业部首次提出推进马铃薯主粮化,将马铃薯作为继水稻、小麦、玉米之后的第4大主粮作物进行扶持。定西市安定区由于其独特的自然条件,孕育出丰富优质的马铃薯资源,通过近几年的发展,逐步成为全国马铃薯种植面积最大、依靠马铃薯增收最多、占比最高的县区之一。因此,安定区作为全国3大马铃薯主产区和中国薯都核心区,先行一步启动实施马铃薯主粮化战略,对全区农业增效、农民增收尤为重要。 相似文献
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甘肃省马铃薯产业发展现状及持续健康发展对策 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
《中国马铃薯》2018,(2):118-123
甘肃是全国马铃薯生产大省,作为甘肃省农业主导产业之一,马铃薯产业在科技扶贫中发挥了重大作用。在中国启动马铃薯主粮化战略的背景下,甘肃省马铃薯产业发展中存在加工专用型品种缺乏,生产机械化程度不高,精深加工技术落后,种薯质量管理体系不健全,农药、化肥、地膜与加工企业污染严重等问题。针对以上问题提出加快新品种研发,提高耕作机械化水平与加工技术水平,完善质量监测体系,走循环农业发展之路等持续健康发展对策建议。 相似文献
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Fabiola Castorena-Torres Perla A. Ramos-Parra Rogelio V. Hernández-Méndez Andrés Vargas-García Gerardo García-Rivas Rocío I. Díaz de la Garza 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(1):57-64
Folate deficiency is a global health problem related to neural tube defects, cardiovascular disease, dementia, and cancer. Considering that folic acid (FA) supply through industrialized foods is the most successful intervention, limitations exist for its complete implementation worldwide. Biofortification of plant foods, on the other hand, could be implemented in poor areas as a complementary alternative. A biofortified tomato fruit that accumulates high levels of folates was previously developed. In this study, we evaluated short-term folate bioavailability in rats infused with this folate-biofortified fruit. Fruit from tomato segregants hyperaccumulated folates during an extended ripening period, ultimately containing 3.7-fold the recommended dietary allowance in a 100-g portion. Folate-depleted Wistar rats separated in three groups received a single dose of 1 nmol of folate/g body weight in the form of lyophilized biofortified tomato fruit, FA, or synthetic 5-CH3-THF. Folate bioavailability from the biofortified tomato was comparable to that of synthetic 5-CH3-THF, with areas under the curve (AUC0–∞) of 2,080?±?420 and 2,700?±?220 pmol?·?h/mL, respectively (P?=?0.12). Whereas, FA was less bioavailable with an AUC0–∞of 750?±?10 pmol?·?h/mL. Fruit-supplemented animals reached maximum levels of circulating folate in plasma at 2 h after administration with a subsequent steady decline, while animals treated with FA and synthetic 5-CH3-THF reached maximum levels at 1 h. Pharmacokinetic parameters revealed that biofortified tomato had slower intestinal absorption than synthetic folate forms. This is the first study that demonstrates the bioavailability of folates from a biofortified plant food, showing its potential to improve folate deficiency. 相似文献
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Puthusseri B Divya P Lokesh V Neelwarne B 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(2):162-170
Folate (vitamin B?) content was evaluated in 10 varieties of coriander with the aim of enhancing its concentration and stability, because of three reasons: 1) coriander is among a few widely used greens in the world and suits many cuisines, 2) folate deficiency is prevalent in developing countries causing anaemia, infant mortality and neural tube closure defects, and 3) natural folate is preferred due to doubts about health risks associated with the synthetic form. In C. sativum, the highest folate content of 1,577 μg/100 g DW was found in var. GS4 Multicut foliage of mature plants (marketable stage) with an insignificantly higher content (1,599.74 μg/100 g DW) at flowering, which is a stage not preferred in markets. In callus cultures treated with plant growth regulators (GRs) (6-benzylaminopurine, kinetin and abscisic acid) substantial increase in folate occurred after 6 h, whereas elicitors (methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid) caused rapid 2-fold increase of folate, particularly in response to salicylic acid. Based on these observations, foliar applications were done for in vivo plants, where salicylic acid (250 μM, 24 h) also enhanced folate level by 2-folds (3,112.33 μg/100 g DW), although the content varied with diurnal rhythms. Stability of folates in treated coriander foliage was 10 % higher than in untreated foliage when stored at 25 °C and 4 °C. This study has established for the first time that coriander foliage is rich in folates, which can be doubled by elicitation and impart 10 % more stability than control during processing and storage. 相似文献
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中国水稻生产形势分析 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
对1991-2007年中国各省(区、市)水稻生产统计数据进行分析,结果表明:1991-2007年中国水稻种植面积总体呈现下降趋势,从1991年的3 259.01万hm~2下降到2007年的2 891.90万hm~2,下降幅度达到11.26%;水稻单产从1991年的5 745 kg/hm~2上升到2007年的6 433 kg/hm~2,上升幅度11.98%,单产的提高在一定程度上确保了水稻总产变化相对平稳;东部经济发达地区水稻种植面积明显下降,中部和西部变化相对平稳;南方水稻种植面积明显下降,东北地区明显上升,华北、西北地区小幅下降;南方地区单季稻比例快速上升,双改单现象明显,这是导致中国水稻种植面积下降的重要原因.要保证全国水稻生产平稳发展,重点在于稳定南方水稻种植面积,一要加大耕地保护力度,二要合理处理粮食作物与非粮食作物之间的结构调整,三是稳定双季稻种植面积.目前的工作重点是要稳定湖南、江西等水稻种植大省的双季稻种植面积. 相似文献