共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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昆虫信息素的基础及应用技术研究已取得了长足进展,但是信息素的应用范围、效果仍具有一定的局限性。其原因之一在于我们对信息素生态学缺乏深入了解。本文以蛾类昆虫为例着重介绍了影响性信息素释放和接收的10大生态因子,即:蛾龄、同种信息素、交配、寄主植物、病原微生物、温度、日照长度、光强、相对湿度及风速。 相似文献
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在光期对甜菜夜蛾雌蛾注射人工合成的小分子性信息素合成激活肽PBAN,并观察其求偶、交配与产卵行为。结果表明,人工合成甜菜夜蛾PBAN适宜的注射浓度为3.5 pmol/μL。与注射蒸馏水对照相比,注射PBAN能够有效促进雌蛾提前发生求偶行为,且持续交配时间显著延长,单雌产卵量也显著增加。但与空白对照(未注射)相比,尽管注射PBAN的雌蛾求偶行为有所提前,但交配率和产卵量均明显低于对照组。初步说明外源注射PBAN对甜菜夜蛾求偶、交配与产卵行为均有重要的影响作用,特别是引起雌蛾求偶行为明显提前,甚至在光期观察到注射PBAN的雌蛾出现求偶行为。这为验证甜菜夜蛾PBAN的功能提供了依据,也为遗传改造PBAN基因干扰成虫交配达到无公害防治开拓了思路。 相似文献
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曲纹紫灰蝶是为害苏铁植物的重要食叶害虫, 研究其繁殖行为和节律, 可为该虫防控策略的制定提供基础资料。本研究在半自然环境条件下观察和分析了曲纹紫灰蝶的羽化、交配和产卵行为及节律。发现曲纹紫灰蝶在5:00-18:59羽化, 9:00-12:59时达到羽化高峰;雄虫主动求偶和交配, 交配行为发生于白天, 交配高峰期为9:00-15:59, 交配时长(82.85±59.76) min, 交配姿势呈“一”字形;雌虫1 d内可多次产卵, 产卵高峰期在8:00-8:59和14:00-15:59 2个时间段, 卵多产于苏铁植物的嫩叶上, 单雌产卵量为10~282粒。 相似文献
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小黑瓢虫的交配和产卵行为及规律观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过室内观察,研究了小黑瓢虫Delphastus catalinae交配、产卵的行为及规律,并探讨了交配次数对成虫繁殖力的影响。结果表明:雄虫的交配前期为5.0±0.5d,雌虫的产卵前期为5.8±0.4d;小黑瓢虫交配活动的主导者是雄虫,雄虫性成熟后可进行交配;性成熟的成虫可全天交配,交配持续时间平均为18.6min,6:00-8:00为高峰时刻;雌虫交配后可全天产卵,白天产卵量高于夜间,每雌可产卵353~413粒,产卵期63~120d;交配次数的增加可以延长产卵期,提高小黑瓢虫的产卵量,但雌虫的寿命会下降;交配多次的后代繁殖状况最佳。 相似文献
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本文在风洞中模拟形成高浓度性信息素Z7-12:Ac、Z9-14:Ac和 Z11-16:Ac 环境,研究草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith)的求偶和交配行为,为进一步开发交配干扰技术提供技术参数和依据。研究结果表明,在高剂量性信息素环境下,草地贪夜蛾雄蛾的暗期活动时间延后,而雌蛾的活动节律则没有变化,雌雄蛾之间产生了活动节律的时间差。同时,雌雄交配率和交配持续时间显著下降,交配日龄则显著延迟2 d。由于交配日龄延迟,产卵量及其孵化率也相应降低。性信息素喷射时间间隔对草地贪夜蛾性信息素释放滴度有显著影响,当间隔时间为5、10、20 min时,雌蛾释放的性信息素滴度显著下降,以5 min为最低。因此,高剂量性信息素环境不仅影响雄蛾对性信息素的定向,对雌雄蛾间化学通讯和交配也有显著影响。 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Effectiveness of different types of commercial sex‐pheromone‐ and kairomone‐based lures for attracting codling moth adults may vary under different pest management practices. The attractiveness of four types of codling moth (CM) lures (CM L2 Long‐Life®, CM 10X Megalure®, Pherocon CM DA® and Pherocon CM‐DA Combo®) was evaluated in commercial apple orchards either treated with sex pheromone mating disruption (MD) or only conventional insecticides (non‐MD) in Adams County, Pennsylvania, in 2006 and 2007. RESULTS: CM DA Combo lure was most effective in terms of mean seasonal weekly moth capture as well as mean cumulative moth capture in MD orchards. In both years, the CM L2 lure was as attractive to adult moths as the CM DA Combo lure in non‐MD orchards. The CM DA and CM 10X lures caught significantly fewer moths in both MD and non‐MD orchards compared with the CM DA Combo lure. CONCLUSIONS: ON the basis of mean seasonal weekly moth capture as well as mean cumulative moth capture, the CM DA Combo and CM L2 lures were found to be significantly more effective for monitoring CM adults in both MD and non‐MD orchards. In contrast, the CM DA and CM 10X lures were not as effective in either type of orchard. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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在22℃,相对度60%~70%的实验室条件下,研究了半闭弯尾姬蜂Diadegma semiclausum的羽化、交配与产卵行为。结果表明:半闭弯尾姬蜂蜂蛹从开始羽化到羽化结束历经4d,羽化高峰期出现在羽化的第3d,羽化数量为25头,占全部羽化数量的58.82%;第3d中羽化高峰出现在8:00~13:00,羽化数量为16.5头,占全天羽化数量的66.00%。半闭弯尾姬蜂交配过程大致分为3个阶段:准备阶段、交配阶段、结束阶段;交配后开始产卵,产卵过程大致分为寄主寻找和确定、穿刺和产卵、产卵结束和梳理。 相似文献
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Control of the codling moth,Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), by pheromone-mediated mating disruption, was studied in Israel using two types of dispensers:
Shin-Etsu twist-tie (normal and long-life) and TNO matrix formulation (square wafers). Factors affecting mating disruption:
initial pest population density, timing of the pheromone application, early season insecticide treatments and monitoring of
the pest, were evaluated. Efficacy of mating disruption was assessed by comparing catch of males in pheromone traps located
in pheromone-treated and chemically sprayed control plots. Fruit infestation during the season and at picking time was the
major criterion to assess mating disruption. The preferred time for pheromone application was before the first flight of the
moth. When pheromones were applied at a later stage, one or two early insecticide sprays had to be used to reduce the initial
level of the codling moth population. In all tests, trap catch in pheromone-treated plots was drastically reduced as compared
with respective control plots. In pheromone-treated plots where total seasonal trap catch (after pheromone application) was
less than 12 males/trap, fruit infestation was less than 1.5%; zero trap catch resulted in 0.1-0.3% infestation. At high population
levels, mating disruption was ineffective, with the rate of infestation at picking-time being similar in pheromone-treated
and control plots. All the field tests indicated that mating disruption with either Shin-Etsu ropes or TNO squares can control
codling moth infestations in apple and pear orchards, at relatively low densities of the pest, as efficiently as commercial
insecticide sprays. 相似文献
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为明确梨小食心虫雄蛾的交配能力等生物学特性, 正确评价梨小食心虫性信息素诱杀雄蛾的田间应用效果, 本研究借助监控设备观察了梨小食心虫雄蛾与雌蛾的交配时间段、交配持续时间、雄蛾交配次数、雄蛾首次交配及末次交配日龄, 研究了雄蛾日龄对交配率的影响, 雄蛾交配次数对雌蛾产卵量及卵孵化率的影响。结果表明, 梨小食心虫雄蛾能与多头雌蛾交配, 且从1日龄至19日龄期间均能与雌蛾交配。随着雄蛾日龄的增加, 其与雌蛾交配率降低, 雄蛾交配次数的增加对雌蛾产卵量及卵孵化率没有显著影响。因此田间使用性信息素诱杀一定数量的雄蛾对降低后代种群数量有一定的作用, 但只有在短时间内将雄蛾数量减少到一定范围内才可起到理想效果。 相似文献