嗅觉定位训犬器及其在搜爆训练中的应用

正警犬搜爆作为防爆安全检查的重要手段之一,在各类安检工作中发挥着独特作用。随着国内外反恐及治安形势日益严峻,警犬搜爆面临诸多挑战,如何提高警犬搜爆训练水平、提升训练的效率,需要不断进行技术创新,改进和研发训练器材。嗅觉定位训犬器是一种训练警犬气味作业的新器材,近期在重庆市公安局与公安部昆明警犬基地联合举办的"搜爆犬自主学习研究培训班"(后称"研究班")上应用,取得显著效果,本文就该器材及其在搜爆训练中的应用进行简单介绍。     

鑫安犬业致力于打造犬防服务标杆性企业

山东华威曲阜市鑫安护卫犬业有限公司(以下简称:鑫安犬业)是中国工作犬管理协会会员单位.该公司隶属于山东华威保安集团的控股子公司,于2007年8月正式成立,坐落于山东省曲阜市王庄开发区,基地拥有齐全的工作犬训练专用器械和经验丰富的专业训导员,现有各类工作犬70余头,品种包括德国牧羊犬、马里努阿犬、拉布拉多犬、史宾格犬、罗威纳犬等,主要用于血迹搜索、气味追踪、气味鉴别、搜毒搜爆、巡逻护卫、治安防范等工作.     

实训课培养学生创新能力初探

实训课乃训练的重中之重,笔者结合学生实训课创新实践活动现状分析,提出培养学生创新素质和能力的措施. 一、警犬技术实训课的内容 实训课就是培养学生动脑、动手训练警犬相关科目的实际操作能力,是检验学生掌握训练警犬技能的目的.实训课包括两大方面:一是基础科目训练,即坐、卧、立、前来、随行、衔取、吠叫、匍匐、游泳、跳越障碍等;二是使用科目训练,即追踪、鉴别、搜毒、搜爆、治安、地震救援、动植物检验检疫等.     

如何应对搜爆犬的乱反应示警

随着搜爆犬在安保工作中使用的不断增多,搜爆犬的训练过程得到越来越多人的关注.笔者结合自身训练搜爆犬的心得和携犬参加2010年绿博会、广州亚(残)运会等大型活动安保的实践经验,就搜爆犬乱反应示警的成因及纠正方法做一些探讨.     

搜爆犬灵敏反应的训练技巧

使用搜爆犬搜爆具有高效、简便、准确的特点,训练有素的搜爆犬嗅觉灵敏、搜索敏捷、反应迅速。灵敏反应是搜爆训练的核心内容,也是比较难训练的技术环节,我们结合多头搜爆犬训练实践和教学经验,总结出以下训练技巧和大家探讨。     

广州市公安局巡(特)警支队攻击犬科研项目扫描

从攻击犬的攻坚作战说起 警犬应用于刑侦、搜爆、搜毒、防暴处突、治安防范等公安工作都需要研究。对此，为适应公安特警执行处置暴力恐怖犯罪和严重暴力性犯罪事件等工作任务的需要，广州市公安局巡（特）警支队围绕自身工作在攻击犬训练和攻击犬在治安巡逻、反恐处突、配合特警攻坚作战等方面展开应用研究。     

搜爆犬训练中物品的选择和使用

相对于刑侦犬训练而言,在物品的选择上,搜爆犬训练有其特殊之处,刑侦犬的训练由于现场物证的多样性,主张物品的多样化.这一点在追踪训练中体现得最为明显.而结合搜爆犬训练的特点和搜爆现场的具体要求,搜爆犬训练中物品的选择和使用,笔者主张归于单一化.     

浅淡鉴别罐在搜爆训练中的使用

一、鉴别罐在搜爆训练初期的作用、使用方法及注意事项 (一)作用.鉴别罐可以用来培养搜爆犬简单的搜索形式(仅限一字型、弧型、曲线型等)及反应形式,可以成为搜爆训练的起步和培养搜索形式、反应形式的过渡.     

距离指挥搜爆犬训练和使用技术

为了降低现场使用警犬的风险,减少带犬民警伤亡事件的发生,实现距离指挥警犬进行搜爆的最根本的方法和途径就是从实战中训练,从使用中提高。一、搜爆犬应具备的基本能力从搜爆犬的训练和现场使用要求看,搜爆犬应具备的基本能力:一是对各种常见的炸药气味建立牢固的条件反射和气味联系能力。二是对工作场所、环境表现出积极、     

油区工作犬使用初探

为适应油田生产区域治安形势的需要,尤其针对油区工农纠纷、围攻井站等案件增多的严峻形势,2003年油田公安局建立了一个占地面积60余亩,同时容纳百余头警犬的繁殖、培育、训练基地,并训练出一批巡逻防暴犬投入使用,为打击油区恶性案件、净化油区治安环境发挥了重要的作用,开辟了一条利用警犬协同整治油区治安形势的良性循环道路.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.