锯切表面粗糙度的综合评价

为了提高木材锯切表面的加工质量，探讨了微观不平度十点高度Rz在评价锯切表面粗糙度方面的可行性，并提出综合使用Rz和Ry两个参数来评价锯切表面粗糙度更加合理。     

木材锯切表面粗糙度二维分析与三维分析对比

使用传统的二维轮廓测定方法,测量木材锯切表面粗糙度准确度不高。利用三维表面轮廓成像技术测定木材锯切表面粗糙度,可获得较为准确的检测值和更真实的锯切表面微观形貌。     

木材切削表面粗糙度研究进展及测定方法探讨

木材切削表面粗糙度的影响因素很多且组成复杂,较难进行准确的测定评价。从木材切削表面粗糙度的影响因素、不同测试方法及现行测定评价标准三个方面,对木材切削表面粗糙度相关研究进行综述,基于现状提出了完善木材切削表面粗糙度测定评价方法的建议。     

木材切削参数的初步研究

不同国家的自然条件和技术条件不同,所得木材切削参数各异.因此,必须逐步建立起我国自己的一整套木材切削参数. 我所与东北林学院木机系协作,于一九七三年开始对木材切削参数进行研究,经过在有关工厂与工人一起进行实验,在锯切方面取得了初步成果. 木材切削参数的研究内容包括测定锯切、铣削、钻削、车削、刨削、旋切等不同木材切削方式的切削功率或切削力,以及它们与主运动速度、进给速度、刀具的角度参数和尺度参数、锯路高度、切削深度、木材     

不同地理种源柚木材硬度及耐磨性差异研究

对海南省乐东县尖峰岭7个不同地理种源27年生柚木材的三切面表面硬度、耐磨性能进行测定分析,并采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)对不同种源柚木材中的金属元素种类和含量进行了测定。结果表明:同一种源下,横切面硬度(均值759.43 kg/cm^2)>弦切面硬度(均值747.12 kg/cm^2)>径切面硬度(均值707.22 kg/cm^2),以种源1007和1009三切面硬度和耐磨性相对较低,三切面(横切、径切、旋切)硬度分别为624.11、568.32、639.10 kg/cm^2和689.22、600.15、659.33 kg/cm^2,磨耗值分别为0.081 g/100 r和0.078 g/100 r;以种源3070、3071三切面硬度和耐磨性相对较高,三切面硬度分别为868.21、828.20、865.51 kg/cm^2和822.14、805.48、842.42 kg/cm^2,磨耗值分别为0.060 g/100 r和0.063 g/100 r。不同种源柚木材中钙元素含量最高,镁、硅和钾元素次之,而钡和铝元素最少。钙、镁元素与柚木表面耐磨性表现出显著的相关性。     

较大尖削度原木旋切方式的改进研究

对较大尖削度原木或小径材进行旋切加工时,不可避免地会发生在平行于切削方向且垂直于切削平面内的单板切削方向与木材纤维方向形成夹角的现象,这在一定程度上会增大原材料的损耗,同时,木材纤维的走向也会影响制品的性能。为提高木材的利用率并保证所制产品的质量,采用倾斜安装旋切刀片的切削方式进行单板旋切加工,并测定单板所制胶合板和单板层积材的静曲强度和弹性模量。结果表明:边材部位纤维锥角的变化范围小于心材部位;旋切刀在平行安装方式与倾斜安装方式下进行切削,纤维锥角的变化趋势不变,但后者更小。旋切刀倾斜安装的方式可以提高原木边材部位切削单板的质量,对单板的静曲强度、单板层积材和薄单板所制胶合板的性能都有较好的改善效果。     

单板旋切扭矩之测试

在单板旋切过程中，单板背面裂隙度是影响单板质量的最主要因子。裂隙的发生与单板在旋切过程中受到的应力密切相关。为了对单板旋切过程进行系统性的理论分析，优选出最佳工艺因子，提高单板质量，准确掌握单板旋切过程中的功率消耗，单板旋切作用力的分析和测定是至关重要的。单板旋切是一个正交的木材切削过程。由于木材的各向异性·测量单板旋切作用力比测量金属切削力更为复杂。但通过单板旋切过程分析可知，单板的旋切作用力可分为切向作用合力和径向作用合力两部分。而切向作用合力可通过单板旋切时的扭矩测试值经换算而求得。因此单…     

木工圆锯片锯齿侧刃参数对锯切表面粗糙度的影响

【目的】分析锯齿侧刃参数对锯切表面粗糙度的影响,通过优化锯齿侧刃参数,解决圆锯锯切时进给速度提高与表面粗糙度增大之间的矛盾,为新型木工圆锯片设计提供参考和指导。【方法】提出微量零径向侧后角锯齿的概念,使用9种不同锯齿侧刃参数的圆锯片,以水曲柳和高密度纤维板为对象进行锯切试验,研究不同进给速度下径向侧后角和零径向侧后角段对锯切表面粗糙度的影响。【结果】随着进给速度增加,锯切表面粗糙度增大,径向侧后角减小,锯切表面粗糙度降低,无零径向侧后角段锯齿锯切形成的表面粗糙度均高于具有零径向侧后角段锯齿,特别是当零径向侧后角段由0 mm增加到0.5 mm时,锯切表面粗糙度下降最为明显。当零径向侧后角段大于0.5 mm时,侧刃的零径向侧后角段具有"以锯代刨"的作用,与零径向侧后角锯齿相比同样可起到改善锯切表面质量的作用。【结论】锯切表面粗糙度一定程度上取决于锯痕深度。在实际锯切过程中,仅有长度近似等于每齿进给量的锯齿侧刃部分参与切削,占侧刃总长度的很小一部分,微量零径向侧后角锯齿中零径向侧后角段长度比每齿进给量略大且越接近每齿进给量越理想。具有微量零径向侧后角段锯齿的圆锯片与零径向侧后角锯齿相比,同样可起到改善锯切表面质量的作用;在保持其他切削参数不变的情况下,微量零径向侧后角段锯齿还可以减小锯齿侧刃与锯路壁之间的摩擦。     

木材加工超薄圆锯片基体结构对其稳定性的影响

木材加工超薄圆锯片的稳定性是影响锯切质量的重要因素之一,圆锯片的稳定性会随着锯身厚度的减小而降低。在切削木材过程中产生大量切削热会使锯身发生热形变,进而导致锯片稳定性降低。提高圆锯片切削稳定性传统的方法主要在生产工艺上通过对锯身施加预应力,抵消切削热对锯身形变的影响。本文通过改变锯身的基体结构,对不同基体材料的木工圆锯片进行基体几何处理,使其能够在切削木材过程中抵消热应力,从而提高切削稳定性。     

杉木含水率和纤维夹角对其锯切表面粗糙度及与钢材摩擦系数的影响

通过控制杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata的含水率与纤维夹角,测试其锯切表面粗糙度及其与钢材摩擦系数的变化,研究其相互关系。结果表明:杉木的锯切表面粗糙度及其与钢板的摩擦系数随着纤维夹角的变大而变大,在夹角从0°变化为15°时,杉木锯切表面粗糙度变化最明显,增大了11.1%;在夹角从60°变化为90°时,杉木与钢板的摩擦系数变化最明显,增大了47.4%;杉木的锯切表面粗糙度和与钢板的摩擦系数随着杉木含水率的增加而上升,在含水率从9%变化为12%时,杉木锯切表面粗糙度变化最明显,增大了37%;在含水率从15%变化为30%时,杉木与钢材摩擦系数变化最明显,增大了34.7%;在含水率为9%,纤维夹角为0°时,杉木的锯切表面粗糙度及与钢材摩擦系数最小。     

The influences of circular saws with sawteeth of mic-zero-degree radial clearance angles on surface roughness in wood rip sawing

Key message

The sawtooth parameters of the side edges likely affect surface roughness to a large extent in wood sawing. Our results point out the need to optimize the parameters of the side edges in order to maximize wood surface quality.

Context

Improving surface roughness of wood in rip sawing by optimizing the sawtooth parameters is a significant topic of focus in the research of wood processing. However, existing research focuses mainly on the optimization of the sawtooth parameters of the major cutting edges without taking into account the influences of length and angle of the side edges on surface roughness. Thus, adaptive parameters for the side edges should be proposed.

Aims

This study analyzes how the different parameters of side edges influence surface roughness when circular saws are used, and aims to resolve disparities between high feed speeds and better surface roughness.

Methods

In particular, this article presents the use of a sawtooth with a mic-zero-degree radial clearance angle. Northeast China ash (Fraxinus spp.) serves as the material for conducting this rip-sawing experiment. Nine types of sawtooth geometries at different feed speeds are used to study the influences of both the different radial clearance angles and the straight length of the zero-degree radial clearance angle on surface roughness (Ra).

Results

Surface roughness increases with the increase in feed speed, and the smaller the radial clearance angle of the sawteeth, the smaller the surface roughness. When the sawteeth have a mic-zero-degree radial clearance angle, the sawing surface roughness is lower than that of the value of sawteeth with radial clearance angles, especially when the straight length of the zero-degree radial clearance increases from 0 to 0.5 mm, in which case the decrease is most obvious.

Conclusion

Surface roughness depends, to a certain extent, on the depth of the saw notch. A small part of the side edge that forms the sawing surface participates in the actual cutting, and the length of this section is approximately equal to the feed per tooth. Sawteeth with mic-zero-degree radial clearance angles can improve the surface quality of sawing. Also, if the other cutting factors remain unchanged, surface roughness can be improved and friction can be reduced between the side edges and the wood by increasing the feed speed.

     

基于三维表面形貌测定法的水切割木竹材工艺参数优化

为优化木竹材超高压水射流切割加工工艺参数,以红橡木和竹地板为对象,采用正交试验法,研究磨料流速、切割压力、进给速度、靶距对水射流加工试件表面粗糙度的影响,探索优化工艺参数。利用扫描探针式三维表面形貌测定法测量试件切割面的表面粗糙度值,分析三维表面形貌图。结果表明:红橡木磨料射流的试验影响因素排序为CADB;竹地板磨料射流的试验影响因素排序为BCAD。红橡木和竹地板优化工艺参数为:进给速度为250 mm/s,磨料流速为35 kg/h,靶距3 mm,切割压力为310 MPa。在此加工工艺条件下切割材料表面粗糙度相对较小,加工所得材料品质较好。     

树种和含水率对纵截圆锯锯切指标影响的试验研究

为研究树种和含水率对纵截圆锯切削力、锯切功率和锯切比功等锯切指标的影响关系,笔者选择我国东北小兴安岭地区常见的9种树种,在恒定切削速度和进给速度的条件下进行了对比试验。一、试材试材选择小兴安岭产鱼鳞松     

The effect of rotation speed on the power consumption and cutting accuracy of guided circular saw: Experimental measurement and analysis of saw critical and flutter speeds

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the effect of rotation speed and vibration response of a circular saw on the sawing process of Douglas-fir wood. An idling test was conducted on a guided circular saw to determine its stable operation speeds and vibration behavior. Short-time Fourier transform analysis was performed on saw idling test data, and variation of excited frequencies of the blade as a function of rotation speed was obtained. The saw blade critical speeds and the rotation speeds that correspond to saw flutter instability were identified. Then experimental cutting tests were conducted at different cutting conditions and the effect of rotation speed and saw vibration response on cutting power consumption and sawing accuracy was investigated. The results showed that conducting a saw idling test and vibration response analysis can identify the saw critical and flutter speeds, which is essential for identifying the optimum rotation speed of circular saw. There was a significant increase in power consumption when cutting at super-critical and super-flutter speed. The effect of rotation speed on sawing accuracy is complex and nonlinear. This effect interacts with feed speed, which makes it difficult to generalize sawing accuracy versus rotation speed in the circular sawing process.     

木材表面的热平整技术

本文介绍了热平整技术的理论基础和滚筒热平整技术。采用热平整和辊压的方法 ,木材受热后表面的绒毛状纤维被塑化而固定 ,木材表面变得密实和光亮 ,且没有粉尘 ,有望替代现在的砂光工序。文章还介绍了在电加热平整中 ,把平整工具置于锯切工具后 ,利用锯切工序后产生的切削热平整家具的加工表面和侧面。试验发现高频机械振动和超声波平整不同材料的效果良好 ,因其具有宽广的频域和功率的调整量范围 ,可望广泛应用于多种场合     

红松,水曲柳木材切削性质的研究

本文以线性模型方法,在红松、水曲柳二树种内,对影响切削阻力和表面粗糙度各因素进行了综合分析,并对木材的密度与切削阻力的关系做了初步的研讨。     

带锯机锯轮转速、锯条摆动与锯解精度的试验研究

基于对木工带锯机加工特性的研究需要,本文在MJ397型高速木工带锯机的锯条张紧力和进给速度恒定的情况下,通过实测锯机工作台和锯条结构系统的固有频率、同条件下锯割杉木试材时的锯条横向摆动量、变频器调节锯轮转速和锯材表面粗糙度等,分析锯轮转速、锯条横向摆动量与锯解精度的关系,为优化国产带锯机锯割稳定性等设计工作提供依据.     

THE EFFECT OF WOOD SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF TREES ON WOOD COLOR IN WORKING OPERATION

Woodsurfaceroughnessisthemicrogeometrypropertycomposedbyalittlespacingandpeak-tovalley.Generallythesurfaceroughnesswascomposedbytheworkingmethodandotherfactorst123.Woodsurfaceroughnesswasnotonlyanimportantindexwhichmeasuredthesur-facesmoothextentofwoodproductandtheworkingqualitybutalsothewoodsur-fitceroughnessaffectedwoodsurfacefeel--lngandpsychologicalfeeling[3'4,lo,ll:.Th,'quantitativesurftlceproPertyparametersweretheimportantpartwhichmarkedthewoodsurfacevisualpsycho1ogicalmagni-tude,whichha…