不同氮磷钾配比对中华猕猴桃果实产量及品质的影响

连续3 a(2008～2010年)研究了不同氮、磷、钾配比对中华猕猴桃果实产量及品质的影响,以期为制定科学的栽培技术和管理措施提供参考,并为猕猴桃合理施肥提供理论依据.结果表明:9个处理的效果都明显优于对照,其中N∶P2O5∶K2O比例以10∶ 9.4∶10的效果最好,其次是N∶P2Q∶K2O比例为10∶7.2∶10,说明适当增加钾肥施用量有利于猕猴桃的营养生长和提高果实产量和品质,而在氮磷钾肥比例中以较高的磷比例有利于提高果实的产量和品质,以较低的磷比例有利于植株的营养生长；不同施肥时期对猕猴桃植株营养生长和产量和品质等方面的影响效果不同,在4个处理中,以5月中旬施肥的效果最好,有利于树体枝蔓的伸长生长、加粗生长和提高果实产量和品质；建议在考虑猕猴桃壮果肥时,以选择N∶P205∶K2O比例为10∶9.4∶10的复合肥效果好；施肥时期选择为5月中旬,同时结合树势强弱情况加强根外追肥效果会更好.     

氮磷钾配方施肥对李产量及果实品质的影响

以大石早生李和黑宝石李为试验材料,研究了不同氮磷钾肥配比对李产量及品质的影响.结果表明:施用较高的氮磷钾肥有利于提高李果的产量和单果重,但适宜的氮磷钾肥配比更有利于改善李果的糖度和提高果实中的营养元素的含量.综合经济效益和环境效益,大石早生李的较合理氮磷钾比例为处理2(N∶P2O5∶K2O =1∶0.5∶1)和处理6(N∶P2O5∶K2O =0.5∶0.2∶1);黑宝石李较佳的比例为处理6(N∶P2O5∶K2O=0.5∶0.2∶1)和处理4(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.2∶1).     

几个中晚熟桃品种引种浙江嘉兴的生物学性状评价

对日本品种黄金桃、清水白桃、新川中岛白桃及中国品种徐蜜桃等4个中、晚熟桃品种的主要生物学性状进行评价.结果表明,清水白桃和黄金桃着果率高,产量高,果实大,果形圆整,风味鲜甜,外观美丽,品质优,是适合浙江嘉兴栽培的首选品种,尤其黄金桃果实硬度较大,可长途运输.新川中岛白桃配置花期接近的授粉树后,可达到一定的产量,品质特优...     

氮磷钾配比对供佛杏土壤养分及果实品质的影响

以7年生供佛杏为试材,通过田间试验研究不同氮磷钾配比(处理A,N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=2∶3∶1;处理B,N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=3∶3∶1;处理C,N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=3∶4∶1;处理D,N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=2∶3∶3;对照CK,N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=0∶0∶0)对杏园土壤养分、果实产量、果实品质及杏树生长势的影响。结果表明:在杏树整个生育期内,杏园土壤养分含量呈递减趋势,施肥可提高0～80 cm土层养分含量。与CK相比,处理A、B、C、D的单株产量分别提高了14.56%、13.34%、18.05%和23.28%。多施钾肥可以显著提高果实品质,处理D(N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=2∶3∶3)可滴定酸含量最低,可溶性固形物含量、固酸比最高,分别为12.12%、0.73%、16.75,是提高杏园经济效益的最佳肥料配比方式。     

几种水溶性肥料在樱桃番茄上的应用效果探究

在夏秋季及冬春季栽培条件下,以樱桃番茄黄妃为试验材料,研究不同水溶性肥料对果实品质和产量的影响。试验结果表明,不同追肥处理在平均单果重、果实可溶性固形物含量等方面存在一定差异,但未达显著水平;追肥种类和用量对果实产量影响明显,不同追肥处理其果实总产量均显著高于对照。其中,在夏秋季栽培条件下以N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.7∶1.6的惠多利水溶性肥料处理产量最高,在冬春季栽培条件下以N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.8∶1.9的惠多利水溶性肥料处理产量最高。在参试水溶性肥料范围内,樱桃番茄黄妃宜采用惠多利水溶性肥料作追肥。     

桃品种新川中岛在福建古田的表现及栽培技术

2007—2011年福建省古田县引进桃品种新川中岛进行试栽,该品种表现果个大、色泽艳、果面光洁、耐贮运、结果早、丰产,3～5年生树每667 m2产量分别为705、1 175、1 598 kg,经济效益显著。     

金雀异黄素促进桃果实着色的效应

研究了田间和离体条件下金雀异黄素(Genistein, GNT) 对桃果实着色的促进效应。结果表明, 在果园中‘新川中岛’桃果实成熟采收前22 d, 用40～120 μmol·L^-1 GNT处理可极显著促进果实花青素积累, 且具有促进果实增大, 提高可溶性固形物和类黄酮含量以及降低果实硬度和叶绿素含量的趋势。离体试验表明, GNT能够促进‘中油5号’油桃果皮花青素积累, 而环鸟苷酸( cGMP) 明显抑制GNT的效应, 暗示着GNT促进果实着色可能与细胞cGMP信号转导途径有关。     

优化配方施肥对葡萄产量及品质的影响

研究了不同施肥配方对葡萄产量及品质的影响。结果表明,在施用氮磷钾肥的基础上,增施钙、硅、硼、锌肥可提高葡萄的产量和果实品质,其中,以施肥配方1,即施用纯N 15%、P2O57.5%、K2O 18%、CaO 10%、SiO28%、B 2%、Zn 1%配方肥的葡萄百叶重、单穗重和产量最高,均显著高于单施氮磷钾肥(对照);果实品质也最好,可溶性固形物含量、糖酸比、维生素C含量均显著高于单施氮磷钾肥(对照)。     

氮、磷、钾肥配比对“金寿”杏产量及土壤养分吸收的影响

以6a生"金寿"杏为试材,通过4个氮、磷、钾肥配比田间试验:CK(N∶P2O5∶K2O=0∶0∶0)、处理A(N∶P2O5∶K2O=2∶1∶3)、处理B(N∶P2O5∶K2O=2∶2∶3)和处理C(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶1∶3),研究其对土壤养分含量、单果重、果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明:施肥可以提高100cm土壤养分含量、单果重和果实产量。在"金寿"杏收获后,A、B和C处理的100cm土层速效钾平均含量分别比CK处理提高了40.16%、37.59%和56.42%;可溶性固形物含量分别比CK提高了4.26%、6.65%和7.17%;单株产量也比CK分别提高了16.72%、28.46%和18.75%;B处理下单果重、单株产量及折合产量均为最高。综合经济效益,处理B(N∶P2O5∶K2O=2∶2∶3)的效果最佳。     

不同补光光质对日光温室草莓生长结果的影响

以‘红颜’草莓为试材,以LED白光为对照,研究了不同补光光质对草莓植株生长、叶片叶绿素含量、植株干物质积累量、果实产量及品质的影响。结果表明:以红、蓝混合光为4∶1处理的草莓植株干物质积累量及果实产量均显著高于其他4个处理,其叶片纵横径、叶片叶绿素含量、平均单果重、果实可溶性固形物含量及维生素C含量较高,与对照差异显著。综合分析认为,日光温室草莓以红光∶蓝光为4∶1进行补光,最有利于提高果实产量,增加草莓植株生物量的积累,促进部分生长指标和果实品质的改善,补光效果最好。     

氮磷钾硼肥配施对青花菜养分吸收分配及产量和品质的影响

研究了不施肥处理,氮磷钾配施和增施硼肥对青花菜养分吸收分配及产量和品质的影响。结果表明,现蕾期至花球膨大期,青花菜对氮、磷、钾的吸收量最大,整个生长期对钾的吸收最多,氮次之,磷最少。氮磷钾主要分配在叶片中,现蕾后逐渐向花球转移,从现蕾到采收时,叶片中氮、磷、钾分配率分别降低了19.6%、10%和9.0%,花球中氮磷钾分配率分别提高了23.1%、15.9%和11.1%。不施氮、磷、钾肥显著降低了花球产量、维生素C含量和成品率,增施硼肥处理的花球成品率较氮磷钾肥处理提高了4.8%,不施氮肥和钾硫肥(K₂SO₄)显著降低了花球中的硫代葡萄糖苷含量。相关性分析表明,青花菜产量与植株内氮、钾积累量显著正相关,成品率与植株内磷营养显著正相关。     

Comparison of yield,fruit quality,antioxidant activity,and some phenolic compounds of white seedless grape obtained from organic,conventional, and integrated fertilization

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of three different fertilizing systems, including organic, conventional, and integrated ones, on the yield, fruit quality, antioxidant activity, and some phenolic compounds of white seedless grape. The study was carried out on several 6-year-old white seedless grapevine located in the Urmia Province (North-West Iran). The results showed that the fruit physical characteristics and yield were affected significantly by different fertilization systems. The highest yield was observed in the conventional fertilization, followed by organic and integrated systems. The leaf mineral contents were obviously dependent on the different fertilization used, whereas pH and titratable acidity were not affected. Based on our results, the highest values of antioxidant activity and total flavonoid were found in the organic and integrated fertilization systems, respectively. Also, the highest contents of total phenolic, catechin, and quercetin-3-galactoside were observed in the organic fertilization system. Overall, the highest nutritional quality and biochemical characteristics of white seedless grape were obtained in organic fertilization system, which improved antioxidant capacity by enhancing total phenolics, total flavonoids and valuable phenolic compounds.     

江汉平原麦瓜棉菜一年四熟栽培技术

江汉平原是国家优质粮食、优质棉花和双低油菜重要生产基地,也是湖北省西瓜主产区。种植西瓜对增加农民收入、丰富市场、发展农村经济、提高土地利用率具有重要作用。江汉平原西瓜生产的突出特点是间作套种,早在20世纪70年代就推广了“麦／／瓜-稻”这种水旱、粮经作物配套种植的优化模式．并获得原荆州地区科技进步二等奖。由于西瓜间作套种提高了单位面积的经济效益、     

Up-regulation of mRNA expressions of fas,bcl-2, bim,bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, and bcl2l12 in K562 treated with bortezomib

AIM: To detect the treatment of K562 leukemia cells with bortezomib altering the expression of genes fas, bcl-2, bcl2l12, bim, bax, caspase-9 and caspase-3.METHODS: MTT assay was used to detect the inhibition of proliferation. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin-V staining and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψm). RT-PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expressions of fas, bcl-2, bcl2l12, bim, bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9.RESULTS: Bortezomib caused a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation and IC50 of 24 h and 48 h were 161.41 nmol/L and 96.33 nmol/L, respectively. At the concentration of 104 nmol/L, bortezomib induced apoptosis in a time-dependent manner, including increasing annexin-V positivity and decreasing the Δψm. RT-PCR showed that bortezomib up-regulated the mRNA expression of fas, bcl2l12, caspase-9 and caspase-3, but mRNA expressions of bcl-2, bim and bax did not changed obviously.CONCLUSION: Bortezomib inhibits the proliferation of K562 and induces apoptosis, in which fas, bcl2l12, caspase-9 or caspase-3 gene is one of the main genes taking part in.     

Climatic, landform, microtopographic, and overstory canopy controls of tree invasion in a subalpine meadow landscape, Oregon Cascades, USA

Tree invasions have been documented throughout Northern Hemisphere high elevation meadows, as well as globally in many grass and forb-dominated ecosystems. Tree invasions are often associated with large-scale changes in climate or disturbance regimes, but are fundamentally driven by regeneration processes influenced by interactions between climatic, topographic, and biotic factors at multiple spatial scales. The purpose of this research was to quantify spatiotemporal patterns of meadow invasion; and how climate, larger landforms, topography, and overstory trees have interactively influenced tree invasion. We combined airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) characterizations of landforms, topography, and overstory vegetation with historical climate, field measurements of snow depth, tree abundance, and tree ages to reconstruct spatial and temporal patterns of tree invasion over five decades in a subalpine meadow complex in the Oregon Cascade Range, USA. Proportion of meadow occupied by trees increased from 8?% in 1950 to 35?% in 2007. Larger landforms, topography, and tree canopies interactively mediated regional climatic controls of tree invasion by modifying depth and persistence of snow pack, while tree canopies also influenced seed source availability. Landscape context played an important role mediating snow depth and tree invasion; on glacial landforms tree invasion was negatively associated with spring snowfall, but on debris flows tree invasion was not associated with snow fall. The importance of snow, uncertain climate change impacts on snow, and mediation of snow by interacting and context dependent factors in complex mountain terrain poses substantial hurdles for understanding how these ecotones may respond to future climate conditions.     

中国''''99昆明世界园艺博览会蔬菜瓜果园

蔬菜瓜果园作为中国’99昆明世界园艺博览会六大专题展园之一 ,占地 4 90 0ｍ2 。园内以农舍草屋为中心 ,通过瓜架、篱笆、草亭及蔬菜瓜果栽培 ,构出一幅农家乐园式的田园风光。另外 ,通过集中展示中国蔬菜瓜果的科技生产水平 ,丰富的资源优势 ,色彩缤纷、新奇别致的蔬菜瓜果品种 ,来突出本次世博会的主题“人与自然 ,和谐发展———迈向 2 1世纪” ,从而展现“蔬菜瓜果园艺是人类赖以生存的重要食源和艺术”为主题思想的蔬菜瓜果园内涵。　　蔬菜瓜果园位于世博园主入口世博大道南侧 ,与盆景园、药草园相邻。在总体布局、栽培上充分运用园…     

盆景果树的发展、特点及价值

盆景果树集"艺术欣赏与果实享用"于一身。文章重点阐述盆景果树的定义、发展史与现状、分类与特点、文化和经济的双重价值等内容。     

Some responses of cucumber,grown in beds of peat,to N,K and Mg

Two levels of N and four levels of K, applied to beds of sphagnum peat before planting (Experiment A), were tested in factorial combination with three concentrations of N (50, 175 and 300 mg 1^-1) and two of K (50 and 250 mg T1) in the liquid feed. In three cucumber crops grown, Mg was supplied or omitted before planting as a split plot factor (96 subplots). In two further crops (Experiment B), grown in fresh peat, six concentrations of N (20-320 mg 1^-1) were tested in the liquid feed, all other nutrient levels being constant. In Experiment A, the early yield was reduced by low and high levels of N. The main effect of N on the final yield was not significant, but maximum yield was achieved with 175-300 mg 1^-1 N in the liquid feed where the peat received a small amount of ureaformaldehyde (15 g m“2) and Mg fertilizer. The N x Mg interaction became increasingly marked with successive crops; the loss in yield due to Mg deficiency (<31%) increased with the amount of N applied. K deficiency reduced the yield by up to 66%, and very high levels of K also tended to decrease the yield. The K x Mg interaction became more marked with time and the loss in yield due to Mg deficiency (<23%) increased with the amount of K applied. Leaves from N, K and Mg deficient plants contained <2.5% N, <1.0% K and <0.28% Mg respectively. In Experiment B, where N was supplied only in the liquid feed, the highest yield was obtained at 220 mg 1^-1. The relation between yield and the total amount of N supplied in the feed was defined by a quadratic regression.     

The roles of IL - 17, 18, 23, 25 in the allergic diseases

Many nnewly discovered interleukins have been implicated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the allergic diseases, for example, human interleukin (IL)-17, a T-cell derived cytokine; interleukin (IL)-18, an interferon (IFN)-gamma-inducing cytokine; interleukin (IL)-23, produced by activated dendritic cells, and interleukin (IL)-25, a recently described T helper 2 (Th2) cell-derived cytokine. Understanding their characteristic and roles in diseases may help us to know better the mechanism of the allergic diseases and develop the strategy for treating the disease.