白银市低丘缓坡土地建设开发适宜性评价

为了拓展城市用地发展空间,解决城市用地紧张问题,逐步提高低丘缓坡土地为各类建设的供地能力,通过采用级差正规化法和熵值法,研究白银市三县两区低丘缓坡土地开发成建设用地的适宜性程度。结果表明,景泰县和靖远县的低丘缓坡土地建设开发适宜性为高度适宜,平川区和白银区为中度适宜,会宁县为低度适宜。通过研究最终得出景泰县、靖远县、白银区和平川区的低丘缓坡土地开发成建设用地的整体条件较好,适宜性程度较高,在当前条件下适宜开发成建设用地;会宁县低丘缓坡土地现有条件较差,不适宜开发成建设用地,但通过一定的生物措施和工程措施后,可改善区域条件,在未来条件下可进行开发。     

Preliminary Analysis of Special Tourism Transportation in Agricultural Eco-scenic Area

Transport varies greatly in agricultural eco-scenic areas for the diversity of resources, and different terrains such as mountains, low hills and forest lands. Special tourism transportation is common in scenic area of different themes. For agricultural eco-scenic area, the road design has to consider the theme of the scenic area, thus animal power is a favorable transportation choice, it refl ects agricultural ecological characteristics and also takes production needs into consideration. This paper analyzed road design characteristics of agricultural eco-scenic area, and proposed the transportation model dominated by animal power and considering farming production, so as to meet the standards of "rural road" in agricultural eco-scenic area and comply with the style of agricultural tourism, and satisfy the visitors.     

Research on Ecological Space Planning Oriented Urban River Landscape Planning

Based on the generalized landscape perspective, regional connotation of urban river landscape is expanded. The area connotation of urban river landscape is expanded based on the generalized landscape perspective. In addition to natural and functional attributes, river landscape should be regarded as a regional space element based on heterogeneous space scale. First, as for research method system, the space research models(including ecological footprint, space planning, and landscape pattern index, etc.) coupled with different angle scales and interdisciplinary theory, are utilized to study different correlations and results formed by urban river landscape elements and other regional space elements from the perspective of the regional ecological space, and the overall development goal of the urban river landscape pattern based on the goals of the regional ecological space planning is obtained. Second, the oriented urban river landscape planning and the "M" type close-tonature design strategy are evaluated through the city function zoning orientation and micro-scale urban river landscape pattern index. The research realizes the compatibility of overall goals in terms of the regional ecology, the development of urban functional areas, and the river landscape planning, without losing micro difference and maneuverability based on the urban river landscape planning and design oriented strategy, which innovates the new approach of urban river landscape planning and design with sustainable and balanced development of regional resources, multi-scale, and multiple objectives.     

丘陵山地区域双季晚稻机械化种植品种筛选研究

为了筛选适宜南方丘陵山地区域机械化高效生产的水稻品种,采用大田随机区组试验,研究了2个丘陵山地区域典型生态点不同供试晚稻品种机械化种植条件下的秧苗素质、茎蘖动态、产量与品种种植性状等。试验结果表明：低丘地区以品种‘Ⅱ优418’产量最高,达6.855 t/hm2;高丘地区以品种‘岳优9113’产量最高,达6.637 t/hm2。因此,在丘陵双季稻区晚稻机械化种植品种应具有分蘖力强、生育期短和抽穗整齐的特性。     

Optimization of differentiated regional land development patterns based on urban expansion simulation—A case in China

The advancing global urbanization puts great pressure on the society and ecosystem, especially in developing countries. Reasonable land-use policies adapted to local conditions are the key issues to prevent disordered urban expansion. Multi-scenario simulation provides a new perspective for differentiated policy formulation based on regional heterogeneity. Regarding the Shaanxi Province, a rapid urbanized area with high spatial heterogeneity in western China, as the study case, we tracked its past land-use changes and predicted the characteristics of urban expansion using the Future Urban-Regional Environment Simulation model. We found that (1) during the past 35 years, built-up land evidently increased accompanied by the loss of cropland, grassland, and unused land. (2) The urban expansion mainly will occur in the areas with flat terrain under three scenarios. (3) The urban expansion will transit into the “requiring land from mountains” pattern in the future, which means that it will gradually spread to areas with higher slopes. (4) Differentiated and optimal development patterns are proposed for different subregions by accounting the loss of ecosystem service in the procedure of urban expansion. This research can help local governments formulate differentiated future macro control of territorial spatial planning to optimize subregional land development.     

涑水河流域地形因子对植被指数变化的影响

植被覆盖及其变化是区域生态环境变化的重要信息,地形因子作为自然环境的重要因素是流域植被覆盖的重要影响因子,因此揭示流域地形因子对植被指数变化的影响,可为流域环境治理、科学管理、保护和可持续利用提供科学依据。选取山西省涑水河流域为研究对象,基于TM遥感影像和ASTER GDEM数据,提取了研究区植被指数以及海拔、坡度、坡向信息,研究涑水河流域植被指数随高程、坡度、坡向等地形因子的变化情况。结果表明：（1）低山区与平原区、丘陵区以及中高山区相比植被指数较低,是从农业植被向自然植被的过渡地带,重点工作是加强水土保持;（2）坡度为5°~10°区域,植被指数最低,该区人类活动频繁,主要是农作区,但作物长势较差,应加强土地的综合整治;（3）坡向对植被指数影响较明显,南坡植被指数最低,其次为东南坡和西南坡,北坡、西北坡、东北坡植被指数相对较高,反映出坡向对研究区植被覆盖的影响程度。     

On Cultural Landscape Planning and Design of Xihan River Customs Line in Lixian County

This study explored the effective means of constructing characteristic urban cultural landscapes in the design of urban waterfront landscapes by combining with planning and design of Xihan River Customs Line and adhering to the theme of "cultural reproduction",tried to integrate cultural landscapes into ecological landscaping,so as to fully demonstrate signifi cance of urban cultural background for theoretic researches and practices of urban landscaping.     

典型区域土地生态状况精细评估

对土地生态状况进行精细评估可为城乡规划和土地可持续利用提供科学依据。本文以焦作市山阳区为研究对象,基于ArcGIS软件,对山阳区43个行政村单元进行了土地生态状况评估。以土地生态状况自然基础性指标、结构性指标、土地污染退化状况、生态建设与保护综合效应指标及区域性指标5个方面为准则层,选取了10个评估指标、27个元指标构建了山阳区的土地生态状况评估指标体系。采用极差法标准化,熵值法定权重,计算生态状况的综合评估分值,并根据分值大小将山阳区划分为5个区域。结果显示：山阳区生态状况优和良的土地占了总面积的40.5%,主要分布在北部海拔较低,地势平坦的区域;生态状况较差的地区位于北部海拔相对较高的山地丘陵地带,有煤矿开采活动,污染退化现象明显。     

Urban Design Strategy Research Based on the Concept of Sponge City: A Case Study of Renbei District in Chengdu

Cities are currently confronted with many urban problems, such as water shortages, water quality pollution, floods, and the loss of habitats of aquatic organisms, and badly in need of a more comprehensive solution. In this context, the concept of "sponge city" is proposed. This paper, based on the theory of sponge city and low impact development, elaborated the origin, development, connotation, and construction method of "sponge city" concept. In this paper, the urban design scheme of Renbei District in Chengdu was taken for example to analyze the geographical environment and climate characteristics of Chengdu and explain the formation and verification of the scheme. It is considered that the "sponge city" is different from the traditional urban infrastructure. It is essentially an ecological approach. Its core is to build a cross-scale urban water ecological infrastructure to comprehensively solve the prominent water-related problems of urban and rural areas in China.     

低山丘陵区耕地与基本农田保护研究

选取典型低山丘陵区－－黄山市为研究对象,在分析耕地资源利用存在的主要问题基础上,针对低山丘陵区耕地后备资源有限的情况,建议耕地与基本农田保护必须要打破传统的保护模式,建立以提高耕地质量为主、数量增加为辅的动态平衡机制,并提出灵活的占补平衡措施。     

城市景观建设中某些弊端的探讨

为了完善城市景观规划,减少资源浪费和生态环境的破坏,达到景观规划的观赏性与生态环境的持久性相协调的目的,就树木进城对原树木生存地植物被的破坏、城市景观规划不当造成的树木成活率的降低、树木移植后期管理不当造成树木资源的浪费、景观设计模式千篇一律导致某些地区园林施工造价的增加和城市景观建设中带来的水土流失问题,开展了一系列的探讨。针对存在的问题,建议苗圃企业增加大型苗木的栽植,减少大树进城对原树木原生态地植被的破坏;加强城市监管部门的执行力度,减少树木资源的浪费;加强城市建设规划部门长远规划理念,保持景观建设的持续性。     

陇南山区核桃生态气候适宜性区划研究

通过对陇南山区2012—2015年核桃全生育期的气象和植物学特性的系统观测资料对比分析,得出核桃生长关键时段以及对其生长影响相关性最大的气象因子为年平均气温、年降水量、4月平均最低气温和7月平均气温,以此建立了更加切合陇南山区实际的核桃生态气候适宜性区划指标体系,并基于GIS技术制作出精细化核桃种植气候适宜性区划图。结果表明：陇南市康县、成县大部和徽县中南部、武都南部及白龙江流域、文县南部及白水江流域等地海拔1000~1600 m的平川、浅山、丘陵、深山地带为核桃最适宜种植区;康县、成县和徽县北部、礼县、西和中南部、两当县大部、宕昌中部、武都中部及白龙江流域、文县中部及白水江流域等地海拔900~1000 m和1600~1800 m的谷地及半山区为核桃适宜种植区。研究结果对指导陇南山区科学规划、合理布局、充分利用气候资源发展核桃产业,预防和减轻气象灾害损失提供了科学依据。     

Ecological Planning and Design of Waterfront in Xianghe County from the Perspective of Landscape Security Pattern

Waterfront is a precious resource in urban ecological construction,and also a key section for ecological protection,so ecological planning of urban waterfront has far-reaching influence on the whole region.This study explored ecological planning and design of waterfront from the perspective of landscape security pattern,analyzed current waterfront in Xianghe County and construction of landscape security pattern for waterfront,provided a basis for the ecological planning and design of landscape.     

Application of Classical Garden Design in Landscaping of West Sichuan Plain

Taking"Lotus Garden Residential Area"in Dayi County,Chengdu City,on the west Sichuan Plain for example,the signifi cance of combining ecological technologies and landscape design was elaborated,and the means of controlling urban fl ood and waterlogging were explored from the perspective of the basic unit of urban construction,the residential area,so as to offer a new sustainable thought for the environment design of future residential areas.     

Development of Prataculture and Construction of Landscape City Based on the Rule of Water and Soil Ecology

This paper explored the necessity of protecting and using grasslands, grass mountains, grass slopes and grass shallows, the significance of prataculture for the economic transformation and upgrading and urbanization, feasibility, scientificity and naturalness of landscape city construction. It was proposed that pratacultural development, construction of landscape city, agricultural, water conservancy and planning should all follow the laws of water and soil ecology, the relationship between man, water, soil, vegetation and natural environment should be handled properly, ecological balance should be kept, so as to achieve the harmony between man and nature in addition to economic development.     

基于TOPSIS原理的石灰岩山地不同树种景观与生态效益分析

为解决石灰岩山地荒山绿化遴选景观与生态效益优良的树种问题,以鲁中南山地典型石灰岩山地的9种10年生树种为研究对象,采用野外调查与室内相结合的方法,从树种的季相变化、观赏价值、树形、植物种类、绿视率、郁闭度、通透距离、冠幅、植株高度9个方面研究景观效益,从枯落物总蓄积量、土壤容重、土壤总孔隙度、增加的贮水量、渗透速率、减蚀量、有机质、碳汇量8个方面研究生态效益。基于TOPSIS原理,对不同树种之间的景观与生态效益进行综合评定,筛选出适合石灰岩山地栽种的优良树种。研究表明,9种树种中,五角枫的景观与生态效益最好,刺槐和黄连木次之。该研究有助于提升石灰岩山地森林质量,更好地发挥森林的多功能效益。     

基于乡村生态宜居建设的可持续创新与实践

生态宜居是实施乡村振兴战略的关键环节,是提高广大农民生态福祉的重要基础和保障,需要在以往的实践基础上,不断丰富和发展。通过梳理总结全球环境基金项目——“节能砖与农村节能建筑市场转化”执行过程取得的实践和创新成果,并结合正在执行的“中国零碳村镇建设促进”项目设想和预期成果,提出基于乡村生态宜居建设背景下的农村零碳与分布式能源体系建设的建议,其中包含加强政策规划引领,完善农村清洁能源发展制度设计;加强基础设施建设,构建农村分布式可再生能源体系;加强城乡统筹协调,促进城乡能源互联互通;加强产业融合发展,协同解决生态宜居建设过程环境问题;加强创新支撑,推动农村能源高质量发展。进而促进乡村生态宜居可持续发展,建设美丽新农村。     

Path for the “Interaction between Industrialization and Urbanization” in Low Hilly Areas of Sichuan Against the Background of New Urbanization: A Case Study of Overall Planning of Lianjie Town in Weiyuan County

Taking the practical experience of Lianjie Town, Weiyuan County for example, this paper analyzed regional characteristics of the low hilly areas in Sichuan and interaction mechanism of "industrialization and urbanization", explored the path for the interaction between industrialization and urbanization from 5 perspectives, namely accelerating industrial upgrading, optimizing industrial structure, breaking through the dual system, industry back-feeding town, and protecting ecological background.     

Planning Overall Landscapes,Building a Garden City:on the Revision of Guangzhou Urban Green Space System Planning

The concept of urban green space system planning was proposed after analyzing the background of compiling Guangzhou green space system planning and current situation of local green spaces,i.e. design landscape pattern of Guangzhou City during urban agglomeration of the Pearl River Delta,and highlight Lingnan cultures(Lingnan refers to south of the Five Ridges) and features of "Flower City"(another name of Guangzhou). Key points of planning are protecting ecological barriers in the north,improving urban garden structure in the center,using wetland reasonably in the south,to maintain integrality and continuity of the landscape pattern.     

Strategies for Improving the Overall Environmental Quality of Rivers Based on “Renovation and Restoration” Concept: A Case Study of Landscape Planning of Linjiang River,Yongchuan District,Chongqing City

The concept of "renovation and restoration" marks the transformation from urban and rural planning and construction to intensive development mode and to quality improvement stage.The environmental imbalance problem of emphasizing development and neglecting ecology in the past has become the focus of the current urban quality improvement stage.Rivers are related to the origin,development and evolution of cities,affect the layout,transportation and environment of cities,and bear the culture,economy and characteristics of cities.Taking the Linjing River of Yongchuan in Chongqing as an example and taking the concept of "renovation and restoration" as the guidance of the design of the overall environmental quality improvement of the river,this study analyzed and summarized the problems to be solved in the improvement of the environmental quality of the river based on the four river environmental impact factors of water pollution,water resource supply and demand,ecological environment and shore water waterfront type and the strategies of optimizing the aquatic environment management,constructing the ecological landscape pattern,shaping the regional cultural landscape and combining the economic development along the river were put forward in order to improve the overall environmental quality of Linjiang River and provide reference for relevant planning and design.