Enlightenment from Eco-tourism of Great Barrier Reef for Hebei Province,China

Great barrier reef in Australia was taken for example to analyze its experience in management,protection,marketing,infrastructure,derivative design,and brand building.On this basis,concrete suggestions were given for eco-tourism development in Hebei Province based on its actual situation:enhancing environmental law enforcement and ecological management,strengthening advertisement and promotion,innovating tourism operation and management,and caring tourists.     

湿地公园声环境效应

随着旅游业发展,对环境影响日益凸现。笔者以无锡市蠡湖公园为例研究城市公园旅游环境效应。从旅游活动与环境间的关系,旅游建设和环境间的关系,环境对游客的影响3个方面着手,研究旅游环境效应。研究结果表明,游客量（N）与旅游噪声源（Leq,dB）之间的关系是Leq =19.91+7.08191nN。声波在传播过程中因园林植物的吸收、反射等作用损失了4.3dB,蠡湖公园内植物宽度、密度、高度、种类组成以及林带结构方面在噪声削减方面未完全发挥作用。大多数游客对蠡湖公园的声环境表示满意     

Influence of Online Comments on Tourist' Purchase Intention Based on Questionnaire Survey among Tourists in Tai'an City

Taking tourists in Tai'an City—an outstanding tourism city of China for example, this paper explored the influence of online comments(word-of-mouth effect) on tourists' intention of purchasing services of accommodation facilities and restaurants through analyzing 502 valid questionnaires. Then measures and suggestions were proposed for tourist enterprises improving online word-of-mouth marketing.     

Integrated Development of the Tourism and Protection of Ancient Towns

Local color is not only the cultural counter in the competition between cities,but the main cultural element that attracts foreign tourists.In recent years,many cities have regarded tourism development as a major mean of reviving ancient towns.The excavation of local culture,material reconstruction of local characteristics,and the resurgence and"reproduction"of local industries have become an important work in the tourism development of ancient towns.Apart from the discussion of the protection,inheritance,and touristification of tangible cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage,this paper demonstrated the possibility of the integration and production capacity of local characteristic industry resources and analyzed the impact of the integrated development on the lifestyle and living atmosphere of residents in the ancient towns.In this paper,ways to realize the integrated development of the tourism and protection of ancient towns were included as follows:(1)to ensure the principal status of local residents and give full play to their initiatives;(2)to protect the local traditional way of life and improve the public service system;(3)to choose the appropriate development pattern and achieve the diversified development;(4)to improve service facilities in tourism and adjust the structure of tourism products.     

Co-opetition Development of Cultural Tourism Complexes in Xishuangbanna: A Case Study of Gaozhuangxishuangjing and Xishuangbanna-Based Wanda International Resort

The cultural tourism complex is a comprehensive development model with cultural soft power as its core competitiveness, and is an industrial development system with tourism as the forerunner, culture as the core, and real estate as the platform and consumption carrier. The development status and trend of the cultural tourism complex as a new format of tourism industry integration under the guidance of the national strategy of all-for-one tourism are worthy of attention and discussion. With Xishuangbanna's two cultural tourism complexes of Gaozhuangxishuangjing and Xishuangbanna-based Wanda International Resort as the research object, this paper compared the similarities and differences of the two tourism complexes in their development and their respective problems, and analyzed the basis and condition for their co-opetition development. The ultimate goal of this paper was to seek the relevant countermeasures and suggestions for the two cultural tourism complexes to complement each other, promote each other, and jointly promote the development of tourism in Xishuangbanna.     

Touristic Ecological Footprint of Jiufeng National Forest Park in Beijing Based on Component Method

This paper,based on the ecological footprint component method,calculated the touristic ecological footprint of Jiufeng National Forest Park in Beijing.The results showed that in 2013,in Jiufeng National Forest Park,the total touristic ecological footprint was 183.08 hm2,the total ecological capacity was 225.16 hm2,the total touristic ecological surplus was 42.07 hm2,and the average touristic ecological surplus was 0.000 4 hm2 per capita,indicating that tourism in Jiufeng National Forest Park was in ecological surplus and ecological security.However,forest parks in Beijing at large were in ecological deficit.This paper suggested that the tourist flow volume of forest parks with a big ecological deficit should be moved to forest parks with an ecological surplus.Besides,forest parks are expected to strengthen the development and management,improve the availability of forest recreation resource,and promote the environmental protection awareness of tourists,so as to boost the sustainable development of forest park tourism.     

低碳视角下乡村旅游决策行为实证研究——基于北京市300位游客的调查数据

全球低碳经济背景下,乡村旅游低碳化发展是必然趋势。而旅游者决策行为直接决定其出行的选择,因而对乡村旅游者低碳旅游决策行为的研究,将对乡村旅游接待地和旅游企业的经营发展提供重要的参考依据。笔者以推拉模型为基础,将游客低碳乡村旅游决策行为影响因素归为推和拉2类,依据对北京市300位游客的调查,构建二元Logistic模型对其影响因素进行实证分析。实证结果表明：除了游客学历、收入等客观因素外,还受到游客的出游经验、所持低碳乡村旅游态度、低碳乡村旅游感知价值、乡村旅游目的地特色等方面的显著影响,并提出了低碳经济背景下推动乡村旅游转型升级的相关政策建议。     

Agrotourism and fast urbanisation: The double pressure of development on peri-urban agriculture in Hôi An,a small city of central Vietnam

Agrotourism in Vietnam has been identified as one of the strategies used to achieve green growth and countryside modernisation, and it is often included as part of the national and local agenda. In this paper, we examine agrotourism in a village in the periphery of Hội An city (an international tourism hub in central Vietnam) to question tourism's interaction with ongoing development processes. More specifically, we aim to understand the impact of fast peri-urbanisation on agrotourism and the impacts of agrotourism on people's daily lives, specifically when it comes to physical changes in their living environment, tensions in their social life and their concerns about the future. Our analysis is supported with data generated from interviews with farmers, local officials, tourism workers and tourists. We find that agrotourism products lacked authenticity and farming was not of great interest for tourists, yet the state's investment in the village tended to favour spaces and infrastructure that could attract more tourists and generate profit, to the detriment of cultural infrastructure. Land speculation and an unequal distribution of income were the main tensions in the village along with farmers' concerns about their rural heritage, income diversification and environmental quality. As such, agrotourism in the village has been driven by rapid urbanisation and mass tourism, creating a competition between a consumption activity and a productive activity. Those are important parameters that future policymakers need to take into consideration in order to sustain the city's food production and tourism.     

Analysis on Driving Forces behind Community Participation in Heritage Site Protection and Tourism Development

This paper applied literature research, model analysis, considered current community-participated tourism development, established a four driving forces model on the basis of analyzing the driving forces for community participation in heritage site protection and tourism development. The driving forces and applicability of community participation in heritage site protection and tourism development from the perspectives of interests drive, government pushing, tourism development attraction and environmental protection pressure.     

乡村旅游新业态发展机制研究——以北京市为例

乡村旅游新业态,是乡村旅游的新型营业形态,是根据时代的变迁和时尚的变化,根据旅游市场的发展趋势,依托乡村旅游资源与环境,在市场力、政策力等共同创造出的能够满足乡村旅游者心理、情感、审美享受的新型旅游产品与服务形态。北京乡村旅游发展迅速,呈现出规模快速增长、地位快速提升、体系逐渐形成的特征。北京乡村旅游业态越来越丰富,并首次推出了乡村酒店、国际驿站、采摘篱园、生态渔家、休闲农庄、山水人家、养生山吧、民族风苑8种乡村旅游新业态。总结北京乡村旅游新业态发展机制,抓住乡村旅游新需求、推动乡村旅游分工细化、加速乡村旅游产业升级、促进乡村旅游与相关产业的融合是其发展的内在驱动力。最后提出了北京乡村旅游发展的政策建议。     

世界旅游农业发展概况及其对中国的借鉴作用

（1上海浦东新区农业技术推广中心，上海 201201；2上海交通大学农业与生物学院，上海 201101）     

乡村旅游开发类型综合评价研究

为了评价和分析新乡市乡村旅游开发现状及影响因素,构建乡村旅游开发类型综合评价体系,权衡不同开发模式的利弊,根据新乡市乡村旅游的特点,将其开发类型归纳为五类：乡村风景型、红色旅游型、现代新农村型、农业资源型和自然风光型,运用层次分析法和模糊评判法,从基础设施建设、旅游资源开发、旅游经营管理等三个准则层对其进行综合评价。结果表明,自然风光型乡村旅游产业综合评价值最高,为0.82（最高为1.00）。自然风光型城乡环境建设、自然资源开发、景区投资环境、企业年终效益、游客满意程度方面表现突出,较之其他旅游类型,新乡市应优先发展自然风光型乡村旅游产业。在评价指标体系构建中,企业年终效益所占权重最大,为13.1%,成为衡量景区可持续发展的重要指标。笔者使用的综合评价计算方法简化了指标的量化,在权重的估算中去除了人为赋值的主观性,是一种新颖的综合评价计算方法。     

天目山自然保护区旅游解说系统的调查与分析

良好的旅游解说系统,是提高游客旅游体验质量和接受环境教育的重要手段,是生态旅游区建设的重要内容之一。为了解天目山国家级自然保护区旅游解说系统设置状况和游客使用情况,以实地勘察和问卷调查为手段,对其旅游环境解说系统进行调查与分析。结果表明,景区的解说系统比较规范,并能于景区的文化蕴涵相融合,也能起到较好的解说引导作用。同时,也发现其解说系统存在着一些问题,如解说系统不完善、导游人员素质有待提高、解说牌示系统有待改善等问题。针对这些问题,建议通过建立功能完善的游客中心、增加电子解说系统等途径,来推进其旅游解说系统的功能提升。     

乡村旅游的乡村性研究

乡村区别于城市的乡村性是乡村旅游的核心和独特卖点,综合国内外学者的研究,指出乡村性的构成元素有地域条件、乡村意象、旅游产业本地化、社区参与和可持续发展5个方面。在乡村旅游发展过程中,各利益主体（农民、旅游者、乡村旅游企业、政府）会不同程度地破坏乡村性,每一个利益主体的意识局限于本部门范围内,主要关心的是自己本部门的利益,为保持乡村性,利益主体的权益在乡村旅游的开发过程中需要协调与合作。     

旅游开发对昆虫多样性的影响——以岳麓山为例

旅游开发对旅游地植被、土壤、环境等多方面产生了消极影响,但是旅游活动对旅游地昆虫多样性影响的研究尚少,本研究利用调查取样法于2008年5-7月份3次对岳麓山设置样地采集昆虫标本,将设置的样地分为旅游热点区域和非旅游热点区域,采用Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Simpson指数等分析方法分析。结果表明：（1）岳麓山旅游非热点区域的昆虫多样性和丰富度明显高于热点区域;（2）旅游非热点区域的昆虫均匀度指数稍高于旅游热点区域;（3）昆虫优势度指数在2个不同区域差别不明显。建议在岳麓山风景区的规划建设过程中,不仅要注重提高植被的丰富性和覆盖率,而且还要加强旅客环保意识的宣传。     

蜀南竹海旅游环境容量的测算及分析

旅游环境容量的研究能为区域旅游开发和管理提供科学依据。以蜀南竹海为例,通过实地走访获取有关数据,从旅游生态、设施、空间以及社会环境容量4 个方面分别对该景区的旅游环境容量进行计算,结果表明：社会环境容量（9150 人次/日）最大,生态环境容量（7766 人次/日）次之,空间环境容量（4908 人次/日）和设施环境容量（4000 人次/日）相当,结合木桶原则和专家赋分权重,估算出蜀南竹海旅游环境容量为276 万人/年,与近期景区游客接待量相比,仍有较大挖掘潜力。为此,结合景区实际,从鼓励景区内使用公共交通工具、加强垃圾分类管理、优化旅游线路、实行景区弹性门票价格等方面,提出了可行性建议,为实现景区旅游业的可持续发展提供理论参考。     

门头沟新型乡村旅游市场研究

近年来,随着收入、闲暇时间的增多,城市生活节奏的加快以及竞争的日益激烈,人们渴望能从优美的环境中放松、休闲。于是,回归自然的乡村旅游就成为了人们最好的选择。采用市场调研的方法,选取门头沟各乡镇的乡村旅游作为研究对象,重点对门头沟乡村旅游市场进行了调研和分析。经过对门头沟乡村旅游经营方和消费者的实地调研。SPSS分析的结果显示,尽管随着近几年乡村旅游的发展和游客不断成熟和个性化,门头沟乡村旅游也得到了一定的发展,但是,门头沟乡村旅游基础设施和道路交通条件差、乡村旅游产品单一、宣传力度不够、筹集资金渠道狭窄、游客满意度有待提高等因素,致使门头沟乡村旅游发展还不完善。针对制约门头沟乡村旅游发展的因素,从文化创意的角度研究门头沟乡村旅游,旨在把门头沟乡村旅游的资源优势转变为经济优势,促进门头沟乡村旅游的转型升级。     

中小城市休闲农业的游客旅游决策行为特征及其对策——以福建莆田市九龙谷、快乐农庄休闲农业景区为例

以福建莆田市九龙谷、快乐农庄休闲农业景区为研究区域,运用问卷调查和实地访谈方法,在分析样本游客人口学特征的基础上,从旅游动机、旅游信息获取渠道、对旅游目的地的决策、旅游消费水平、旅游方式、最喜欢旅游活动、出游频率等方面探讨总结中小城市休闲农业旅游的游客旅游决策行为特征,并提出了改善和提升中小城市休闲农业旅游发展的对策。     

游客对农业文化遗产地旅游主客冲突感知研究

为了解决农业文化遗产地旅游主客冲突问题,采用问卷调查法,以农业文化遗产地紫鹊界梯田的游客为调查对象,以旅游主客冲突感知为调查内容,通过问卷调查分析把旅游主客冲突因子归为参与性行为冲突因子、经济冲突因子、服务冲突因子、环境冲突因子、行为冲突因子、社会冲突因子、文化冲突因子,并得出旅游主客交往的意愿都很强、旅游主客冲突普遍存在以及旅游主客冲突管理具有必要性等结论。     

Study on Further Development of Temples in the Mount Tai from the Perspective of Experience Economy

From the perspective of experience economy, this paper proposed that traditional temple sightseeing has been unable to meet needs of tourists, temple cultural sites must pay more attention to visitors' experience in tourism development. On the basis of analyzing characteristics of temple cultures in the Mount Tai and problems in its tourism development, strategies for the development of temple cultures in the Mount Tai were given from the perspective of experience economy.