大昭寺旅游景区环境承载力评估指标体系构建

摘 要：在分析旅游环境承载力的概念和景区承载力指标体系的基础上,运用层次分析法(AHP)构建了大昭寺景区旅游景区环境承载力的评估体系,通过指标量化计算,得出该景区的承载力现状及其限制因素,结果表明：景区空间是制约大昭寺旅游发展的主要指标。为大昭寺景区旅游环境承载力的调控提供理论依据。     

景区空间结构演化对区域旅游经济的影响——————-以吉林省为例

旅游景区的空间结构是旅游资源在地理空间上的投影,是区域旅游发展状态及潜力的重要指示器。运用数理统计和地理信息空间分析方法,对2006年、2008年、2010年吉林省A级旅游景区的空间结构演化进行分析,探讨A级景区空间结构演化对区域旅游经济产生的影响。结果表明：吉林省A级旅游景区呈现“大分散、小集中”的特征,在空间上集聚度增加,集聚点增多;景区的空间结构变化导致旅游经济重心呈东南移动趋势,2008年后中部景区集聚度的增强及西部集聚区增加,导致重心移动趋势变弱。     

基于多维度旅游景区及相关学术语境的构建

旅游景区研究的内容一般具有事务性的特点,常见综述景区的历史发展过程,给出各种因人而异的定义,讨论具体利益的事务的复杂关系。笔者提出了旅游活动专属空间定位,围绕此核心概念,就旅游景区属性结构、功能演变及其类型,进行了基于诠释但面向建设的研究,力图搭建关于旅游景区概念及其相关的学术语境。研究过程中,还讨论了时间景区、基于任意性原则的属性结构、围概念性、景区功能演化、景区类型多样化等范畴。     

大昭寺景区旅游环境承载力评估指标体系研究

为建立一套适合西藏高原人文社会类型景区旅游环境承载力评价指标体系和评价模型,在现有的理论基础上,结合大昭寺景区的实际情况,构建了包含自然环境承载力、社会环境承载力、经济环境承载力3个承载力分量共27个评价指标的大昭寺景区旅游环境承载力评价指标体系。其次,采用AHP层次分析法构造判断矩阵、检验一致性,确定权重,建立景区旅游环境承载力综合评价模型,依据景区特点,建立大昭寺景区旅游环境承载力评价等级标准,对大昭寺景区各项指标进行测算,通过对上该景区旅游环境承载力的综合评价和分析,结果表明,大昭寺景区旅游环境承载力,基本属于适载阶段,最后提出了改善大昭寺景区旅游环境承载力的措施。     

Flagstaff Urban Trails System and Its Inspiration for the Construction of China National Trails System

Flagstaff Urban Trails System(FUTS) is a city-wide network of non-motorized, shared-use pathways that are used by bicyclists, walkers, hikers, runners, and other users for both recreation and transportation. FUTS totals 79.2 km in Flagstaff, the Flagstaff government approved the fi rst plan in 1988, and FUTS Trail Priority Evaluation 2011 outlined the evaluation criteria, trail rankings and ranking results The new FUTS Master Plan shows about 130-km planned trails, and creates an ultimate trail system about 210 km. FUTS management organization and Transportation Tax Program is the key to keep the successful works of FUTS. Status quo of China National Trails System(CNTS) is reviewed as: scenic areas have relatively sound trail systems, but there is no any standard system; green corridors within the urban and rural system become popular, but there is no connection system. The development of China National Trails System can be promoted in 3 aspects: establishing national trails system, planning and design trails comprehensively, stressing daily operation and management.     

大城市郊区乡村旅游目的地乡村性评价研究——以武汉市石榴红村为例

乡村是乡村旅游发展的重要载体,以乡村为单位发展乡村旅游,是发展村域经济、促进产业转型升级、增加农民收入、解决当前乡村众多社会问题的重要途径。与其他类型旅游目的地相比,乡村旅游目的地的本质特征是乡村性。基于乡村性、乡村旅游的内涵,从居民、聚落和产业3 个维度建立起乡村旅游目的地乡村性评价指标体系,采用层次分析法确定各指标的权重,构建起乡村旅游目的地乡村性综合评价模型。以石榴红村为对象,聘请5 名专家对石榴红村乡村性评价指标进行打分,运用综合评价模型对石榴红村乡村性进行定量评价。结果显示,石榴红村的聚落乡村性最明显,其次依次是产业乡村性和居民乡村性,其整体乡村性较高。本研究建立的乡村旅游目的地乡村性评价模型简单明了、实用性强,可用于对乡村旅游目的地乡村性进行横向比较与动态监测,为乡村旅游目的地的开发与管理提供决策支撑。     

Construction of Popular Science Tourism Evaluation Index System for Geoparks and Empirical Analysis

Popular science tourism is a new tourism mode, and geopark scenic area is an important carrier of popular science tourism. It is the premise and foundation for the popular science tourism development of geoparks to establish a scientific evaluation index system and evaluation model. On the basis of analyzing relevant evaluation models, this paper explored the evaluation system and model of geopark popular science tourism in following steps. First, establish the index system. Based on the theory method, frequency method, and expert consultation method, this paper established the popular science tourism evaluation index system of geopark scenic area. The evaluation index system includes 3 primary indexes, 8 secondary indexes and 30 tertiary indexes. Second, define index weight and scoring standards. Index weights were defined using Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP), the measuring method of each index and the scoring standards were specified. Third, evaluation model and grade. The evaluation model of popular science tourism development was constructed, and the evaluation results were classified into 4 grades. Fourth, empirical study. The evaluation model was applied to measure and investigate popular science tourism of Henan Yuntain Mountain World Geopark, and the final score was 7.619, indicating a higher evaluation grade of popular science tourism of the park.     

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Rural Tourism Attractions in Yangzhou City

By using geography quantitative methods and Arc GIS,the spatial distribution characteristics,types,rules and influencing factors of 20 representative rural tourism attractions in Yangzhou City were analyzed.The results show that the traffic accessibility of various regions in Yangzhou City correlated positively with the spacial distribution of rural tourist attractions in quantity in these regions.The rural tourist attractions were dense in regions 10-20 km away from the center of the city;there was only one rural tourist attraction in regions 40-70 km away from the center of the city;some big rural tourist attractions were distributed in regions 70-90 km away from the center of the city;market orientation influenced the spatial distribution of the rural tourist attractions obviously.In regions 0-30 km away from the center of the city,most rural tourist attractions mainly provided recreation and entertainment services for tourists;in regions more than 70 km away from the center of the city,most rural tourist attractions mainly provided health and recuperation services for tourists;in regions 30-50 km away from the center of the city,the service functions of the rural tourist attractions were compound and diversified.     

Tourism Development Models Based on Ecological Utilization and Protection of Water Conservancy Scenic Areas

In view of major confl icts between ecological conditions of scenic areas and tourism development, tourism development models and approaches of six major water conservancy scenic areas were summarized on the basis of investigating interaction mechanism, ecological utilization and protection of scenic areas, including reservoir development and construction model, wetland development and construction model, natural river and lake development and construction model, city river and lake development and construction model, irrigated area development and construction model, water and soil conservation development and construction model. The research fruits are of instructive signif icance for the management and development of scenic areas.     

乡村旅游吸引物体系的构建研究

中国乡村旅游起步于20世纪80年代后,发展于90年代中后期。经济的发展,收入的增加,生活观念和消费结构的转变以及生活质量的提高,推动了休闲生活方式的变革和需求。乡村旅游已经成为现代城市与乡村作用体系中必然的产物,是中国解决“三农”问题而产生的一项新产业,在未来的发展中将发挥更加突出的作用。文章针对乡村旅游开发规划的重点--旅游吸引物进行研究,简述了乡村旅游与旅游吸引物的关系,并从旅游者的感知和旅游要素集成2个方面讨论了乡村旅游吸引物体系的构建,希望能为乡村旅游的规划提供有益借鉴。     

Vehicle Monitoring Control and Scheduling Management System in a Scenic Area

In order to help tourists choose satisfying scenic spots, content hotels, convenient lines and convenient vehicles, vehicle monitoring control and scheduling management system in a scenic area is presented, which dispatches vehicle by appointments and the statistic of tourists at a sight spot and recommends the tour line by broadcasting in vehicle. Vehicle monitoring control and scheduling management system in a scenic area, a integrative vehicle management system, is an integration of GPS, GIS, trunked radio system, a management system of booking room and a tourist statistic system at a sight spot.     

Landscape Design of Water Conservancy Scenic Area Based on Ecological Protection Concept

Targeting at the development needs of ecological cities, the landscape design of water conservancy scenic areas has begun to take the ecological protection concept as the design essence, based on the theory of landscape ecology, ecological restoration and ecological compensation. The principles and methods of ecological design are summarized in this paper to achieve the unity of economic benefits and ecological benefits in water conservancy scenic areas and create a livable environment for cities.     

野三坡地质公园旅游资源评价

旅游资源评价是对旅游资源有效保护、合理开发和旅游规划的前提。为更好的保障以地质遗迹为基础的地质公园旅游的可持续发展,建立了适用于地质公园旅游资源的评价技术体系．该体系包括3个类,11个亚类,31个指标,并划分为四个旅游资源等级。利用该体系从定性、定量两方面对野三坡地质公园的旅游资源进行了评价。结果表明：野三坡地质公园旅游资源丰富,加上良好的交通区位条件．开发潜力非常大,适宜扩大开发生态旅游、地质旅游。并根据评价结果．提出野三坡地质公园开发的一些对策：坚持以保护为前提,与周边景区合作开发区域旅游产品,打造旅游品牌,实现生态、社会、经济的最佳效益。     

风景区旅游可持续发展评价——以庐山风景区为例

风景区旅游可持续发展评价是对不同历史阶段旅游可持续发展状态的量化评价。采用层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)中的幂法构建综合评价矩阵,从经济发展、社会进步、环境支持的角度,对庐山风景区1990—2000年的相关指标数据进行分析。结果表明:在该历史时段内,风景区旅游可持续发展水平不高,协调性较差,可持续发展与不可持续发展交替变换。其中,1993、1995、1997、1999年,1≤CI≤1.732,风景区的社会可持续发展、经济可持续发展与环境可持续发展三者之间比较协调,旅游处于"强可持续发展"状态;1992年,0≤CI≤1,三者之间发展不协调,但相互之间可以互补,旅游处于"弱可持续发展"状态;1994、1996、2000年,-1≤CI≤0,三者之间发展不协调,也不能通过互补来调节,旅游处于"弱不可持续发展"状态;1991、1998年,-1.732≤CI≤-1,三者之间发展不协调,也不能通过互补来调节,旅游处于"强不可持续发展"状态。     

Development Estimation of Cultural Relic Parks Based on the Living Development of Heritage:A Case Study of Xiao Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty in Nanjing

Taking Xiao Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty in Nanjing City for example,IPAT conceptual model of the system dynamics was introduced to construct the ROMCPE living development mode suitable for monument parks centering on protection of the authenticity.Through estimating tourist resources,tourism originality,evaluation of living market,capital investment for living development,policy guarantee for the living development,and environmental quality for living development of the Xiao Mausoleum,it was found that the overall resources of the scenic area are in good conditions,but its living development remains in an average level.In view of this,it was suggested that the living development of the Xiao Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty can be promoted by improving creativity of high-and middle-level management staff,using resource advantages,distributing capital investment reasonably,and applying suitable marketing modes.     

少数民族地区自然保护区生态旅游发展潜力评价研究——以雷公山自然保护区为例

少数民族地区的自然保护区存在环境保护和经济发展的矛盾,生态旅游是少数民族自然保护区可持续发展的必由之路。定量测度其生态旅游发展潜力,对于促进少数民族地区自然保护区旅游合理规划与开发,具有极大地指导意义和参考价值。选择资源禀赋、环境容量、经济效益、客源市场、区位交通、社区参与和管理措施等影响和制约保护区生态旅游潜力的7个方面,构建评价指标体系,制定评价标准,借用集对分析的方法,对雷公山自然保护区生态旅游潜力进行评价。结果表明：雷公山自然保护区的资源禀赋较好,属于高潜力型,但是由于生态环境的容量低、相关产业的带动效果小,特别是区位交通、社区参与以及管理措施等的滞后,影响了目前雷公山自然保护区的生态旅游潜力。评价结果与现状相符,证明生态旅游潜力评价指标和标准是准确和可行的。     

西安市楼观台旅游吸引力评价及其影响因素分析

旅游产业是对自然、人文资源等进行整合,进而为旅客提供一系列服务的无烟产业。旅游产业借助多层次模糊综合评价方法对西安市楼观台景区旅游吸引力进行评判,目的在于确定楼观台景区旅游吸引力的大小并分析影响景区旅游吸引力因素,以期在宏观上把握楼观台旅游区的发展态势。从评判结果来看,西安市楼观台景区具有较强的旅游吸引力,其基础设施建设薄弱、宣传推广力度不够影响到其旅游吸引力。为了进一步提高楼观台景区旅游吸引力,研究认为应该加强对景区设施的建设,进一步完善管理服务体系,同时还需加强宣传力度。     

1961-2015年青海省西宁市旅游气候舒适度评价

为解决西宁市旅游资源评价和旅游舒适度预报问题,基于1961—2015 年的地面气象观测资料,计算重点旅游城市度假、人体舒适度、温湿指数的月和年序列资料,利用气候诊断方法分析评估其特征及其变化。结果表明,近55 年青海省西宁市夏季舒适日数呈显著的上升趋势,上升速率为1.1 d/10 a,舒适平均日数为89 天。西宁夏季的寒冷、温湿、度假、人体舒适度指数位于适宜-舒适级别和很适宜-最舒适级别,夏季西宁旅游或居住的气候条件舒适程度与昆明、贵阳、兰州、银川相当。夏季西宁适合旅游度假和休闲养生的气候关联指标在重点旅游城市中占据了优势,而这种优势在近10 年显现得更加明显。评估结果为青藏高原相关部门开展旅游舒适度预报和西宁市旅游气候资源的综合开发提供科学依据。     

Qualitative Comparison of Cultural Resources in Famous Scenic Areas: A Case Study of the West Lake and the Yunhu Lake

Theories and basic methods of evaluating cultural resources in famous scenic areas were explored, on the basis of which quantitative evaluation model and evaluation indexes were established, such as abundance, density, historical value, cultural value and social value of cultural resources, influence, peculiarity, integrity, development and utilization capacity. The West Lake in Hangzhou City and the Yunlong Lake Scenic Area were taken for example.     

江南地区风景名胜区中新农村建设思路初探——以苏州石湖风景区新南和新北村为例

摘 要：风景名胜区中新农村建设关系到风景区的整体建设和可持续发展,涉及到空间规划、土地利用、环境整治和产业开发等诸多方面。本文调研分析了苏州石湖风景名胜区中新南和新北两村的现状,指出了存在景观风貌差、建设定位不清等问题,提出了两村应在进行合理功能分区的基础上,可通过风貌改造、特色营造、产业调整等措施进行建设和改善,以期符合风景区的总体发展要求。