Establishment of an attenuated strain of bovine respiratory syncytial virus for live virus vaccine

To develop a live virus vaccine for the prevention of bovine respiratory syncytial (BRS) virus infection in calves, an attempt was made to produce an attenuated virus. The RS-52 strain of BRS virus, isolated from the nasal secretions of a naturally infected calf, was subjected to serial passages in adult hamster lung established (HAL) cells at 30 degrees C and the attenuated rs-52 strain as a live virus vaccine was established. The rs-52 strain multiplied better at 30 degrees C than at 34 or 37 degrees C in HAL cells. The differences in the highest virus titers of this strain between the culture temperature of 30 degrees C and that of 34 or 37 degrees C were more than 2.25 log TCID50. Colostrum-deprived newborn calves and 2 approximately 4 months old calves inoculated with the rs-52 strain manifested no abnormal clinical sings at all. However, all inoculated calves produced serum neutralization antibody. When the colostrum-deprived newborn calves immunized with the rs-52 strain were challenged with the virulent NMK7 strain of BRS virus, they exhibited no pyrexia or other abnormal clinical signs at all. An attempt was made to recover the virus from nasal secretions of these calves, but in vain. On the other hand, a nonimmunized control colostrum-deprived newborn calf developed slight fever, mild cough, and slight serous nasal discharge after challenge exposure. The virus was recovered from nasal secretions of this calf. From these results, it was considered that the rs-52 strain could be used as an attenuated live virus vaccine for prevention of BRS virus infection.     

Attenuation of a strain of rinderpest virus: potential homologous live vaccine

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious disease of small ruminants frequently associated with severe mortality in these hosts. In countries where it occurs, PPR represents an important constraint to the improved productivity of sheep and goats. Until now the only way to combat this plague has been the use of heterologous rinderpest vaccine; all attempts to develop a homologous vaccine have ended in failure. The present communication describes the attenuation of the Nigerian strain PPRV Nig 75/1 by serial passage in Vero cells. The avirulent virus obtained has the same characteristics as Plowright and Ferris' rinderpest vaccine. The virus is advanced as a potential homologous vaccine against PPR.     

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗（JXA1-R株）免疫后在血清中存在时间的报告

本研究应用高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗（JXA1－R株）对28～30日龄的仔猪进行免疫,前8周每周采血,8周后每2周采血进行疫苗毒核酸检测,直至免疫后第16周。结果表明,高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗（JXA1－R株）在血清中存在的最长时间约为6周,但有的猪呈现间歇性携带疫苗毒。     

牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒LNM株致弱疫苗免疫效力的研究

为检测牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV)抗体在免疫牛体内的产生及其消长规律,评价IBRV LNM株致弱疫苗的保护效力,并确定免疫持续期,本实验对免疫试验组牛每头颈部肌肉接种制备的IBRV LNM株致弱疫苗104.5 TCID50/mL,监测血清抗体效价,进行免疫期的确定。在疫苗免疫后的6个月、9个月和12个月分别抽取3头免疫组和两头对照组牛采用IBRV-LN01/08强毒株进行攻毒试验,每头牛的攻毒剂量为107.0 TCID50/mL。结果显示疫苗免疫后12个月时,中和抗体效价仍维持在1∶11以上。攻毒结果显示3个时间点强毒攻击后,疫苗对免疫牛均具有良好的保护力。研究表明IBRV弱毒疫苗可有效地保护免疫牛抵抗IBRV强毒株的攻毒,其免疫持续期最少为12个月。     

Protection of goats against peste-des-petits-ruminants with attenuated rinderpest virus

Goats vaccinated with attenuated rinderpest were protected from peste-des-petits-ruminants virus for at least 12 months; vaccinated animals were unable to transmit the challenge virus. Before challenge neutralising antibodies were directed primarily against rinderpest but following exposure to peste-des-petits-ruminants, a high antibody level to both viruses was found.     

鸡传染性支气管炎弱毒疫苗株安全性和免疫效力初步评价

通过对QX基因型IBV分离株SDZB0808进行鸡胚连续100次传代致弱后获得子代病毒P100。为了明确P100的的致弱效果和免疫原性,对其进行了安全性和免疫效力评价。安全性试验结果显示,P100以105.5 EID50/只的剂量对3日龄的SPF鸡进行免疫后试验,与正常对照组相比没有明显临床症状和病理变化,气管和肾脏组织也没有病理组织损伤。免疫效力试验结果发现,P100以104.5 EID50/只的剂量免疫3日龄SPF鸡,14d后对同源强毒SDZB0808和异源强毒SDIB821/2012的攻击都具有100%的临床保护,病理组织学检查发现P100免疫攻毒组试验鸡气管和肾脏与正常对照没有差异,排毒检测结果显示P100免疫攻毒组试验鸡内脏组织病毒检出率大大低于攻毒对照组。本研究结果表明P100对SPF鸡具有良好的安全性和免疫效力,可以作为IBV弱毒疫苗候选株。     

羊传染性脓疱病毒疫苗株和野毒株GIF基因比较分析

羊传染性脓疱(orf)是由羊传染性脓疱病毒(orf virus,ORFV)感染引起的绵羊和山羊的一种接触性人兽共患病。粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)/白细胞介素(IL-2)抑制因子(GIF)基因为ORFV编码中晚期病毒基因,它能够与GM-CSF、IL-2结合并且抑制二者的活性,从而抑制宿主抗病毒作用。为了比较疫苗毒株和流行毒株间GIF的差异,本试验扩增并测定了ORFV疫苗株和野毒株的GIF基因序列,比较分析了ORFV疫苗弱毒株和野毒株GIF基因的核酸水平和氨基酸水平的差异情况,以及二、三级蛋白结构。结果表明:本次测定的ORFV疫苗株与野毒GIF基因核苷酸序列相似性为94.3%,氨基酸序列相似性为92.5%,两者的蛋白三级结构预测上也有差异。本研究结果为该病的防控提供了参考依据。