基于感官模糊建模和糖酸分析评价‘红美人’杂柑的品质

为科学评价柑橘果实品质差异，以9份‘红美人’（‘爱媛28’）杂柑为研究材料，对其常规品质指标、可溶性糖和有机酸含量进行检测，同时组织评价人员对样品各感官属性喜好度及属性权重等级进行评价。关联6个感官属性的感官评价结果与相关风味物质代谢数据，结果表明：‘红美人’汁胞中的可溶性糖主要是果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖，其中样品3和8可溶性糖含量较高，样品1和9较低；汁胞中的有机酸主要是柠檬酸，还有少量的苹果酸，其中样品5、3和1总酸含量较高，样品9最低；评价人员对各品质属性的关注度依次为果肉甜度>果肉酸度>果肉化渣性>果实香气>果实色泽=果实外形，且感官综合评价得分最高的是样品9、3和2；感官综合得分与果肉甜度、果肉化渣性和果实香气具有显著相关性；糖度感官评价与果糖、葡萄糖、总糖和可溶性固形物呈显著正相关，与苹果酸显著负相关。     

嫁接和自根黄瓜果实感官评价与营养品质的相关性

以嫁接和自根黄瓜果实为试材,研究了黄瓜果实感官评价与可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、干物质、VC、可滴定酸和单宁等营养指标的相关性。通过相关分析和逐步回归分析表明：自根黄瓜果实的感官评价优于嫁接黄瓜,黄瓜果实的感官评价与可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖、VC正相关,与单宁和可滴定酸负相关。回归方程Y＝0.735X1+51.593X2-16.935X3-11.918X4-27.135可对黄瓜果实品质做近似评价。     

基于主成分分析法的 不同品种黄瓜综合品质分析与评价

摘要：为探究综合评价黄瓜品质的方法,以10个不同外形、营养、风味的黄瓜品种为研究对象,测定其 风味和营养品质,并对各品质指标进行差异性和相关性分析,对风味品质指标进行主成分分析。结果表明： 除柠檬酸之外,品种间各品质指标均存在一定差异。可溶性固形物、单宁和维生素C含量最高的品种是维纳 斯,最低的分别是德瑞特975、金童和传奇778;可溶性糖、葡萄糖、果糖、苹果酸、氨基酸含量最高的均为绿 宝,可溶性糖含量最低的是德瑞特975,其余4个指标最低的均为甘脆1号;蔗糖含量最高的是玉女,最低的是金 童;总酸含量最高的是金童,最低的是德瑞特975;蛋白质含量最高的是优美,最低的是甘脆1号。相关性分析 显示,可溶性固形物含量与果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、可溶性糖含量均呈显著正相关,可溶性糖含量与果糖、葡萄 糖含量均呈极显著正相关,与蔗糖含量呈显著正相关;苹果酸含量与果糖、葡萄糖、可溶性糖含量均呈极显著 正相关,与蔗糖含量显著正相关;维生素C含量与可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、蔗糖含量均呈显著正相关;氨基酸 含量与可溶性糖、葡萄糖、果糖含量均呈极显著正相关,与苹果酸含量呈显著正相关。黄瓜风味品质指标主成 分分析综合排名前3的是维纳斯、绿宝和托尼102。结合黄瓜品质评价差异性分析结果,认为主成分分析综合排 名能在一定程度上反映黄瓜的综合品质。     

桃果实品质形成成分与其风味之间的相关性(英文)

测定了白凤桃(PrunuspersicaBatschcv.Hakuho)果实中果汁的糖、酸、氨基酸、挥发性香气成分以及与其相对应的甜味、酸味、香气等风味特性之间的相关关系。结果表明:甜味与可溶性固形物含量呈较高的正相关;酸味与滴定酸呈高的正相关,而与挥发性香气物质十内酯、八内酯、己内酯、可溶性固形物含量呈较高的负相关;3种内酯物质与具有桃芳香风味的特性呈正相关,而与具青气风味特性呈负相关。以风味评定(综合评定)为因变量Y,各种测定成分为主变量X,逐步回归法分析的结果表明,影响桃风味的成分有可溶性固形物含量、滴定酸、十内酯、八内酯、反式-2-己烯醛。其中以酸度和十内酯物质含量的影响为最大。     

十一种草莓新品种引进筛选研究

以引进的11个草莓品种为试材,进行日光温室栽种比较筛选试验,研究了各草莓品种的单果质量、果实硬度、可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、维生素C等指标的差异性,并通过生长与品质指标间的相关性分析,探寻其内在机理,以期为兰州新区草莓保护地栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:"雪里香"单果质量较大,但与"章姬"无显著性差异;糖酸比"圣诞红"最高,"章姬"次之,"艳丽"最小;"章姬"可溶性固形物达12.17%,但与"雪里香""圣诞红""白雪公主"差异不显著。相关性分析表明,单果质量与可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C呈极显著正相关;可溶性固形物与可溶性糖、维生素C呈极显著正相关;可溶性糖与维生素C呈显著正相关。综合生长指标、产量、可溶性固形物、维生素C、糖酸比等指标,通过加权得分,初步筛选出具有一定推广前景的草莓品种"雪里香""圣诞红""章姬""甘露"。"白雪公主""红颜"可少量栽种。     

芥蓝种质资源营养成分及商品性评价

对13份芥蓝种质资源的部分营养成分进行测定及评价,并进行相关性分析。结果表明:VC含量变化范围为0.80～1.41 mg·g^-1（FW）;类胡萝卜素最高含量为0.016 6 mg·g^-1（FW）;还原糖含量变化范围为2.85～8.17 mg·g^-1（DW）;可溶性糖含量变化范围为12.38～23.80 mg·g^-1（DW）;13份芥蓝的蛋白质含量较低,粗纤维含量中等,材料间差异不大。商品性评价结果表明：风味最好的是Ba17,质地最好的是Ba35,外观最好的是Ba25和Ba44。相关性分析表明：还原糖含量与可溶性糖含量呈极显著正相关,与甜味呈显著正相关,与蛋白质含量、类胡萝卜素含量、鲜味呈显著负相关;蛋白质含量与可溶性糖含量呈极显著负相关;鲜味与甜味、VC含量与可溶性糖含量呈显著负相关;脆度与纤维感呈显著正相关,且与其他性状没有显著相关关系;粗纤维含量与纤维感、脆度没有相关性。     

河北省鸭梨品质的评价和相关性分析

以河北省鸭梨为研究对象,运用多因素相关分析法,分析了各品质指标之间的相关性。结果表明:总糖、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸是主要的评价因子,不同产地的鸭梨品质存在着明显的差异;可溶性固形物、总糖、可滴定酸、Vc之间互呈极显著的正相关;总糖、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸及Vc都与淀粉呈极显著的负相关;单果重和硬度之间呈显著正相关,可滴定酸和硬度之间呈显著负相关;其它品质指标间无显著的相关关系。     

“桂热1号”火龙果枝条与果实性状的相关性

对"桂热1号"火龙果结果母枝性状、果实性状及其相关性进行了调查分析。结果表明,枝条长度与棱厚、茎围显著或极显著负相关,与茎段数显著正相关;茎围与棱厚显著正相关。母枝性状中,枝条棱厚和果实性状相关性最为密切,与单果质量、果实纵径、果形指数间均存在显著正相关性。枝条茎围与边糖(外围果肉可溶性固形物含量)之间显著负相关,但与心糖(中心果肉可溶性固形物含量)之间相关性不显著。果实多项性状指标间存在显著相关性,单果质量、果实横径、果实纵径和果皮厚度4个指标两两间显著或极显著正相关性。果形指数与单果质量、果实纵径呈极显著正相关;心糖和边糖显著正相关;果皮厚度和心糖间显著负相关。92.4%结果母枝的棱厚在14 mm以上,单果质量随棱厚的增加而增加。综合来看,棱厚16~18 mm的结果母枝,所结果实个头相对较大,且果实可溶性固形物含量较高,果皮也较薄,综合评价较高。     

西瓜品质构成分析

利用43份材料,对构成西瓜品质的性状进行全面分析,研究了西瓜感官品质与理化性状之间的关系以及各性状间的相互关系。相关分析结果表明,感官鉴定是评价西瓜品质的重要因素,甜度、风味、质地、多汁度和剖面颜色5项评价与综合评价均表现为极显著的正相关关系,糖、有机酸与感官鉴定各项目均表现为正相关,果胶、纤维、含水量与感官鉴定各项均表现为负相关。通径分析和主成分分析结果显示,在检测的20项理化性状中,可溶性固形物含量、各种糖含量、含水量、纤维含量等性状是决定西瓜品质的主要性状。     

春季塑料大棚高品质黄瓜品种筛选试验

为了满足生产者和消费者对高品质黄瓜品种的需求,在春季塑料大棚土壤栽培条件下,对12个黄瓜品种的果实营养品质、芳香物质含量、丙醇二酸含量、外观品质以及植株田间表现和产量等方面进行比较分析,结果表明:以果实中营养物质、芳香物质、丙醇二酸含量以及产量为主要考量因素,参考果实外观品质、田间表现等方面因素,YP9、YP5综合表现较好,可作为春茬优质高产栽培品种;YP9果实中反,顺-2,6-壬二烯醛相对含量为8.83%,丙醇二酸含量为5.43 g/kg,营养品质综合评价指数为18,果实外观品质较好,产量最高,667 m2产量为5 376.38 kg;YP5果实中反,顺-2,6-壬二烯醛相对含量为5.46%,丙醇二酸含量5.27 g/kg,营养品质综合评价指数为19,果实外观品质较好,坐果性好,667 m2产量为5 034.72 kg,但抗病性一般;YP4和YP6的丙醇二酸含量较高,分别为5.57、5.84 g/kg,可作为具有减肥功效的黄瓜品种进行生产应用。     

Identification of QTLs related to sugar and organic acid composition in melon using near-isogenic lines

The soluble sugar and organic acid composition of melon (Cucumis melo L.) fruit flesh has become a major focus of plant breeding worldwide in an attempt to improve taste. Thus, sugar and organic acid profiles were characterized using near-isogenic lines (NILs) derived from the Spanish cultivar Piel de Sapo (PS) and the exotic Korean accession Shongwan Charmi (PI 161375). Fruits were cultivated in only one environment. These data were used to map 60 quantitative trait loci (QTLs): 18 for individual sugars, eight for sucrose equivalents, five for the glucose-to-fructose ratio, seven for the total sugar content and 21 for organic acids. Within the QTLs that were associated with the sugar profile, 27 defined the sugar content: eight for fructose, six for glucose, four for sucrose, and nine for sucrose equivalents. Although increased sweetness of selected NILs compared with the parental PS was achieved by an increased glucose or fructose content, only glucose heritability was above 0.5. A total of 21 QTLs (two with positive effects and nineteen with detrimental effects compared with the PS levels) controlled the organic acid profile: l-glutamic, ascorbic and succinic acids (the principal ones) and fumaric, citric, oxalacetic, and isocitric acids. The levels of sugars imparted by the PI 161375 introgression frequently decreased the score grades given to NILs by consumers. Within the 32 QTLs mapped for sensory traits, 27 were associated with lower scores in taste (nine QTLs), sweetness (eight QTLs) or global quality appreciation (nine QTLs); two with increased fruit sourness or sweetness and three with increased fruit bitterness. The QTLs defined herein may assist breeders to understand the overall organoleptic balance (sweetness, sourness, and umami taste) in melon fruit, particularly those located within linkage groups III, V, VI, and VIII to XI.     

The chemical composition and sensory flavour quality of ‘Mineola’ tangerines. II. Relationship between composition and sensory properties

Summary

A method is suggested for quantitative determination of ‘Mineola’ tangerine “maturity” based on four parameters sugar:acid ratio, acid content, ethanol content, and fruit weight. A high correlation (r=0.9) was found between maturity and “taste acceptability”—a combination of four parameters of taste: sweetness, sourness, aroma and edibility.     

Utilization of correlation network analysis to identify differences in sensory attributes and organoleptic compositions of tomato cultivars grown under salt stress

In tomato production, salt stress is applied to improve the fruit quality. The change in sensory attributes and organoleptic compositions in salt-stressed tomato fruits have been extensively studied; however, little is known about their interaction with each other. Correlation network analysis provides a visual representation of biological systems and useful knowledge for metabolic data analysis of tomato fruits. The aim of this study is to identify the cultivar differences in sensory attributes and organoleptic compositions of tomato fruits grown under salt stress and to elucidate their interaction among different cultivars using correlation network analysis. Salt stress was applied by adding 100 mM NaCl to the nutrient solution. Fruits were harvested at red-ripe stage and used for the evaluation of sensory attributes such as sweetness, sourness, umami, and tomato like, and organoleptic compositions such as sugar, organic acid, amino acid, and sodium ion contents. Almost all of the sensory attributes and organoleptic compositions of the fruit were significantly high in salt-stressed cultivars compared to non-stressed cultivars, and significant differences were also observed among cultivars. The correlation network analysis of the control fruit showed that compared to other traits, sugar is one of the key traits for improvement of tomato fruit quality based on high connectivity and betweenness centrality. In contrast, a high degree of positive connectivity was not observed between organoleptic compositions and sensory attributes in the salt-stressed fruit network. These results indicate that the relationship between sensory attributes and organoleptic compositions in fruits were different between the control and salt-stressed cultivars, suggesting that the salt-stressed fruit may have a different circuit of relationship compared to control. Furthermore, based on the increase ratio (salt stress/control) network results, we suggest that the increased sugar, organic acid, and amino acid contents may have contributed to the salt stress-induced enhancement of sensory attributes.     

设施栽培特色小果型西瓜新品种引进试验

为筛选出适宜延庆设施栽培的优质小果型西瓜品种,引进16个小果型西瓜品种,并在5个试验基地设施栽培条件下进行试种,对不同品种的外观、品质和产量进行测定分析,组织专家组进行现场品鉴,并根据统一评分标准对不同品种风味、口感等指标进行评价打分。结果显示：京彩1号、誉美香、彩虹8号3个品种综合性状表现突出,其中京彩1号果实为椭圆形,果皮绿色,果肉橙黄色,中心糖含量11.60%,口感脆嫩,有清香味,单瓜质量1.81 kg,667 m²产量3 547.60 kg;誉美香果实圆形,果皮绿色,果肉黄色,中心糖含量11.17%,口感酥脆,有清香味,单瓜质量1.87 kg,667 m²产量3 665.20 kg;彩虹8号果实圆形,果皮绿色,果肉红、黄双色,中心糖含量11.80%,口感硬脆,单瓜质量2.01 kg,667 m²产量3 782.07 kg。这3个品种可在延庆区设施栽培中大面积推广种植。     

5种鲜食黄瓜感官与品质评价初探

为了研究黄瓜理化特性与感观品质的相关性,以生产上的5种鲜食黄瓜为研究对象,采用消费者喜好度测试的方法对黄瓜的喜爱程度、食用频率及黄瓜的果形、色泽、风味等质量属性进行感官评价,同时对黄瓜的外形、营养指标进行测定.结果表明,果形喜好度和色泽喜好度呈极显著相关,说明消费者对黄瓜的第一印象是综合外形和颜色2方面来判断是否喜欢;...     

南瓜多糖及可溶性固形物含量与口感性状相关性分析

以96份南瓜品系为材料,通过性状间的遗传相关分析,探讨南瓜多糖、可溶性固形物含量和口感性状之间的相关程度。结果表明,在96份南瓜品系中,多糖含量最高为6.19 %,最低0.84 %,最高值是最低值的7.4倍;可溶性固形物含量最高为12.7 %,最低3.3 %,最高值是最低值的3.8倍。显示出供试南瓜材料的多糖含量和可溶性固形物含量变化幅度较大,其遗传基础较为广泛。南瓜多糖含量与口感面度、口感甜度间均存在极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.664 0和0.660 8,回归方程为Y₁=0.027X₁+0.045X₂+0.251;南瓜可溶性固形物含量与口感面度、口感甜度间也存在显著或极显著正相关,相关系数分别为 0.359 2 和0.584 6,回归方程为.Y₂=0.031X₁+0.156X₂+1.431。