早中熟优质辣椒新品种‘汇丰2号’

‘汇丰2号’辣椒是早中熟优质杂交一代品种,果实羊角形,青果绿色,成熟果大红色。果长18.0～18.2cm,果宽2.53～2.64cm,肉厚0.31～0.32cm,单果质量36.4～39.4g,单株产量0.29～0.55kg。商品性好,耐贮运,品质佳。中抗疫病,耐热性、耐寒性、耐涝性和耐旱性均强。适合在南方地区露地栽培。     

观赏荷花新品种‘玉堂春’

‘玉堂春’是从‘大紫玉’和‘艳阳天’杂交后代中选育的观赏荷花新品种。花色鲜艳、花朵硕大、耐深水、抗病性强。立叶高80～115 cm,叶径32～43 cm。花蕾圆桃形,花色深红。花径为21～25 cm,花瓣90～115枚,最大瓣长12 cm,宽为4.2 cm。     

中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所蔬菜优良品种

品种特征特性 中晚熟品种，粗大羊角椒，单株坐果能力强。果实光滑顺直，深绿色，美观，味辣；果长18～20cm，横径3～3．5cm，肉厚，单果重50～70g。极耐热、耐湿，抗病性强，是少数能在炎热潮湿情况下越夏结实的品种之一。采收期长，前后期结果较多，抗病，高产，耐贮耐运。     

夏秋辣椒新秀--种都青椒王

种都青椒王是四川种都种业有限公司新近选育的夏秋专用辣椒新品种.适合各地作越夏及秋延后栽培. 1特征特性 早中熟,植株长势旺盛,叶色深绿,株高60～65 cm,开展度65～68 cm;果粗羊角形,果面光滑,椒条顺直,色泽光亮;果长20～23 cm,果粗3.5～4 cm,肉厚腔小;耐贮耐运,商品性好.     

出口型菜心新品种油绿701的选育

油绿701生长势强,株形较矮壮,株高30.4 cm,株幅26.7 cm;基叶稍柳叶形,薹叶柳叶形,薹叶少,节疏,菜薹紧实匀称,不易空心,耐贮运,油绿有光泽,主薹高23～25 cm,横径1.5～2 cm,质量45～50 g.中迟熟,播种至初收37～43天,延续采收7～10天.抽薹整齐,商品综合性状好,品质佳.耐病毒病、霜霉病,适应性广,抗逆性强,丰产稳产,每667 m2产量1 000～1 500kg,适宜出口.     

早春大棚辣椒优质高产栽培技术

1品种选择早春大棚种植辣椒应选择抗病性强、抗逆性好、品质优、产量高、耐贮运的品种,如中寿12号。其特征特性为早熟,果实长粗羊角形,果长25～30cm,果肩宽4～5cm,单果重100～150g;果实浅黄绿色、光滑顺直,有光泽,果肉厚,耐储运,辣味适中,商品性好;连续坐果能力强,高产稳产;株形紧凑,叶量适中,植株     

冬春1、2、4、5号羽衣甘蓝新品种的选育

冬春1、2、4、5号羽衣甘蓝新品种是由父本βB-2分别和母本⑧A-C-2-5、⑩B-7-2-2、(24)A-1-1及⑤A-1-1配制的一代杂种.冬春1、2、4号植株板叶,株高12 cm～20 cm(厘米),株幅26 cm～32 cm(厘米)×26 cm～32 cm(厘米),心叶幅16 cm～18 cm(厘米)×16 cm～18 cm(厘米),外部叶片12～16片,颜色分别为墨绿色、紫绿色和绿色,内部心叶17～28片,颜色分别为红色、深红色和外侧淡黄白内侧深粉红色.冬春5号植株皱叶,株高14 cm(厘米),株幅32 cm×28 cm(厘米),心叶幅19 cm×17 cm(厘米),外部叶片16片,颜色为墨绿和绿色,内部心叶22片,颜色为深粉红色.是目前国内因地制宜育成的首批耐冻性强、晚抽苔(冬春1、2、4、5号耐最低气温-6℃～-10℃冰冻、3月10～30日显蕾抽苔,对照名古屋和大阪等品种耐最低气温-2℃～-3℃冰冻、2月10～20日前显蕾抽苔)杂种一代新品种,适合黄河流域及以南广大地区12月至3月填补室外盆花空白观赏的羽衣甘蓝新品种.     

优质耐热苦瓜新品种‘丰绿’

‘丰绿’苦瓜是适宜夏秋栽培的中晚熟杂交一代。植株生长旺盛, 侧蔓结果为主。果实长圆锥形, 长28～32 cm, 横径7～8 cm, 单果质量500～600 g, 果形端正, 果色浅绿亮泽, 条瘤粗, 果肉丰厚, 耐贮运, 肉质爽脆, 苦味淡; 每100 g鲜果含维生素C 157 mg, 可溶性固形物21.8 g, 粗蛋白0.62 g, 粗纤维0.5 g。丰产、稳产性好, 产量60～75 t·hm^{- 2}。中抗白粉病, 耐热性、耐涝性强。     

辣椒新品种豫椒968的选育

豫椒968是以自交系X-L-11-1为母本、自交系Y-3-8-4为父本配制成一代杂种。该品种晚热,植株高大,单株座果60～100个。果实长羊角形,果皮深绿色,单果重45～70g,果长16～22cm,果径3.3cm,果肉厚0.3cm,果面光滑,耐贮运。一般677m2产量4178kg,抗病毒病、晚疫病、炭疽病,耐热、耐湿,可越夏延秋栽培。     

渝椒5号

渝椒 5号为重庆市农业科学研究所、重庆蔬菜研究中心选育的中早熟、长牛角辣椒新品种. 1990年配组, 1992～ 1997年在重庆、四川、广东、广西、海南等地示范种植, 1999～ 2000年参加重庆市辣椒区域试验, 2001年 3月通过重庆市农作物品种审定委员会审定. 1特征特性 渝椒 5号株型紧凑,生长势强.株高 50～ 55 cm,开展度 50～ 60 cm；始花节位为第 10～ 12节.果实长牛角形,果长 20～ 25 cm,横径 3.5～ 4.0 cm.单果质量 40～ 60 g.嫩果浅绿色,熟果深红色,转色快、着色均匀.味微辣带甜,脆嫩,口味好.商品性佳,耐贮运,抗逆性强,中抗疫病和炭疽病.耐…     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.