露他净与宫得康配合治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎

1988年以来,我们应用露他净、宫得康配合治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎26例,治愈25例。取得满意效果。一、治疗方法4%露他净溶液200—400ml加温至25—30℃子宫内一次灌注,灌注2—3天后,子宫内注入宫得康混悬剂1—2支。一般1次可治愈,多者3次。     

“宫炎灵”的外用

“宫炎灵”系吉林农业大学兽医产科组研制的一种治疗母畜(包括奶牛、黄牛、水牛、马、经济动物及野生动物)慢性子宫内膜炎的药物。于1989年4月,“宫炎灵”的研制获吉林省畜牧局,1988年度科技进步贰等奖;1991年9月,此药参加原苏联哈巴洛夫斯克举办的“中国吉林省科技展览会”,并获优秀奖。 据报道“宫炎灵”治疗慢性子宫内膜炎的治愈率为96.39％;经过治疗后的怀孕率为     

多种药物治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎的疗效比较试验

对患有卡他性和脓性子宫内膜炎的病牛采用多种药物进行治疗,对治疗效果进行比较分析。结果表明:治疗卡他性子宫内膜炎时,乳宫安的治愈率为80%,金乳康的治愈率为93%,洁尔阴的治愈率为87%,青链霉素的治愈率为73%。在治疗脓性子宫内膜炎的试验中,乳宫安的治愈率为75%,金乳康的治愈率为88%,洁尔阴的治愈率为75%,青链霉素的治愈率为67%。乳宫安、金乳康和洁尔阴的总受胎率均为100%,而青链霉素的总受胎率为75%。露它净和宫得康配合应用,对卡他性子宫内膜炎的治愈率达100%,对脓性子宫内膜炎的治愈率达90%,并且对愈后奶牛的一次输精受胎率达100%。     

“杀菌净”对鸡常见细菌病的药效学研究

本文研究了国产兽药新制剂杀菌净对人工感染鸡白痢和大肠杆菌病的药效学。每个治疗试验用雏鸡180只，随机分为杀菌净三个不同剂量组、诺氟沙星对照组、阳性对照组和阴性对照组，每组动物30只。当感染鸡出现典型症状时，杀菌净三个剂量组、诺氟沙星组分别按0．4％。0．2％、0．1％和50mg·L－1混饮药物，均连续5天。结果表明：杀菌净三个剂量组、诺氟沙星组对鸡白痢的治愈率分别为100％、96．7％、80％、80％；对鸡大肠杆菌的治愈率分别为96．7％、90％、83．3％、73．3％。杀菌净按0．4％、0．2％混饮的治愈率显著高于诺氟沙星组。     

不同药物治疗育肥牛疥螨病的比较

选用螨净溶液和驱虫先锋两种药物分别治疗患有疥螨病的育肥牛,比较不同药物的治疗效果。研究结果表明,第7天,驱虫先锋治疗组与螨净溶液治疗组治疗有效率分别为100.0%、83.3%,差异极显著(P0.01);第21天,驱虫先锋治疗组与螨净溶液治疗组治疗有效率均达100.0%,治愈率分别为100.0%、90.0%,两组治愈率差异显著(P0.05)。由此可见,使用驱虫先锋注射液皮下注射治疗育肥牛疥螨病,效果显著,复发率低,毒性小,值得在临床生产上推广应用。     

“霉净”防霉剂应用效果比较试验

以0．1％“霉净”和0，3％“露保细盐”添加在不同含水量（14．23％和15．36％）同品种乳猪全价粉料中，进行防霉试验。分别设定A、C、E和B、D、F六个处理组，每组加防霉剂20kg。第0天、第15天、第30天、第45天、第60天、第75天分别进行外观、霉菌数、水分等检测。结果，饲料含水分在14．23％条件下，第45天、第60天的抑菌率：“霉净”为91．58％和77．44％，“露保细盐”为80．0％和53．49％；饲料开始发霉天数：“霉净”为75天，“露保细盐”为60天，对照组为45天；饲料含水分在15．36％条件下，第45天、第60天的抑菌率：“霉净”为54．55％和25．0％，“露保细盐”为45．45％和13．89％；饲料发霉天数：“霉净”为60天，“露保细盐”为45天，对照组为45天。     

金黄素治疗猪传染性胸膜肺炎的效果分析

利用金黄素治疗猪传染性胸膜肺炎，探究了金黄素对猪病的防治效果。结果表明，金黄素治疗组治疗猪传染性胸膜肺炎的治愈率为92.00％，支原净治疗组为88.00％，分别比对照组提高48.00％和44.00％，且差异极显著（P〈0.01），金黄素治疗组与支原净治疗组的治愈率相比，无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。金黄素治疗组比支原净治疗组减少经济损失490.9元，与对照组比较，提高经济效益超过5000元。     

土霉素和乳酸依沙吖啶联合用药对奶牛子宫内膜炎的治疗试验

为探究土霉素和乳酸依沙吖啶联合应用在治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎中的疗效,选取豫北一个中型牧场63头患有子宫内膜炎的奶牛进行试验,将其随机分为三组,每组21头。第一组只用土霉素溶液;第二组用土霉素＋乳酸依沙吖啶的水溶液;第三组只用乳酸依沙吖啶溶液。每组均按3次送药为一个疗程进行子宫内灌注。结果显示,第一组奶牛用药一个疗程的治愈率和有效率分别为38．1％、66．7％,两个疗程的总治愈率和总有效率分别为61．9％、85．7％;第二组奶牛用药一个疗程的治愈率和有效率分别为47．6％、85．7％,两个疗程的总治愈率和总有效率分别为81.0％、95．2％;第三批奶牛用药一个疗程的治愈率和有效率分别为23．8％、47．6％,两个疗程的总治愈率和总有效率分别为38．1％、61．9％。结果表明,土霉素和乳酸依沙吖啶联合用药治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎的效果十分显著。     

泰乐松注射液治疗猪喘气病试验效果

以重庆某猪场自然感染暴发喘气病病猪为对象，用泰乐松注射液、硫酸卡那霉素注射液、青＋链进行对比治疗。结果：泰乐松组的高、中、低剂量治疗猪喘气病总有效率分别为100％、100％、95％，在第3天和第6天的治愈率分别为95％、86．67％、68．33％和98．33％、95％、80％；与硫酸卡那霉素组的总有效率80％和第3天、第6天的治愈率33．33％、51．67％比较，差异显著（P＜0．05）；与青＋链试验组的总有效率36．67％和第3天、第6天的治疗愈率11．67％、15％相比较差异极显著（P＜0．01）。试验表明，泰乐松注射液治疗猪喘气病疗效确实。     

“宫炎灵”治疗乳牛慢性子宫内膜炎的试验研究

本试验采用“宫炎灵”治疗乳牛慢性子宫内膜炎病例83例,经治疗后,粘液性脓性子宫内膜炎病牛的痊愈率为58.62％(17/29),好转率为31.03％(9/29),脓性子宫内膜炎病牛的痊愈率为 87.04％(47/54),好转率为 12.96％(7/54),试验组疗效优于对照组,经 X~2检验方法分析,试验组与对照组疗效差异显著(P<0.05),试验组病牛经治疗后,在第1～3发情周期内怀孕的76头,占怀孕的检查乳牛的95％(76/80)。经X~2检验,试验组与对照组差异极显著(P<0.01)。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。