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1.
近红外光谱结合偏最小二乘法快速评估土壤质量   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9       下载免费PDF全文
以长江中下游粮食主产区水稻土为研究对象,采集17种不同施肥处理下共136个土壤样品在350 ~2 500 nm范围的近红外光谱,利用偏最小二乘回归分析结合交叉验证法建立了近红外漫反射光谱与传统化学分析方法测得的全碳、全氮、碳氮比、速效钾、速效磷、电导率、土壤pH等土壤指标之间的定量分析模型。模型的决定系数(R2)以及化学分析值标准差(SD)与模型的内部交叉验证均方差(RMSECV)的比值RSC用于判定建立的模型的好坏。结果表明:全碳、全氮、碳氮比和pH模型的R2和RSC分别为:R2=0.94,RSC=4.31;R2=0.95,RSC=4.35;R2=0.97,RSC=5.60;R2=0.92,RSC=3.37,说明上述土壤指标的预测结果很好。速效钾模型的R2和RSC分别为:R2=0.87,RSC=2.23,表明预测结果尚好。而速效磷和电导率模型的R2和RSC分别为:R2=0.18,RSC=1.16;R2=0.37,RSC=1.31,说明两者的预测结果均很不理想。综上所述,水稻土的土壤质量相关指标(全碳、全氮、碳氮比、速效钾和土壤pH)可以通过近红外光谱结合偏最小二乘法(NIR-PLS)快速评估。  相似文献   

2.
便携式生鲜猪肉多品质参数同时检测装置研发   总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
针对农畜产品检测现场的需求,基于可见/近红外光谱检测技术和嵌入式系统,开发了灵活方便的猪肉品质无损检测装置。该装置利用卤素灯作为光源,新型光导探头和微型光谱仪采集肉样光谱信息,通过ARM(advanced RISC machines)控制处理器进行集中控制和数据的处理;在内嵌linux操作系统上,采用Qt开发工具,设计出人性化的交互界面,并将猪肉品质的检测结果输出到装置触摸屏上。为了建立多品质无损检测数学模型,获取了猪肉里脊在400~1 000 nm波长范围内的光谱数据,通过国标方法测得猪肉里脊主要品质参数颜色(L*、a*、b*)和p H值,采用标准正态变量变换(standard normalized variate,SNV)和Savitzky-Golay(S-G)平滑对光谱数据进行预处理,并结合理化数据建立偏最小二乘(partial least squares regression,PLSR)模型。用全交叉验证法选取PLSR建模的主成分数。p H值、L*、a*和b*的预测相关系数为0.88、0.90、0.97和0.97,预测标准差为0.19、1.77、1.17和0.63。通过现场试验表明,轻便式多品质无损检测装置具有较高的检测精度,满足于猪肉的颜色和p H值等品质参数检测的要求。  相似文献   

3.
Soil organic matter (SOM) and clay content of a soil characterized as a coarse sandy loam were modelled using hyperspectral reflectance data acquired with a spectrometer and soil electrical conductivity (SEC) data acquired with an EM38 instrument manufactured by Geonics Ltd. The partial least squares (PLS) regression method was applied and the results validated using cross validation. First, the models were calibrated using only spectral reflectance data; then EM38 data were included in the X-matrix of predictors. Although SEC is significantly correlated with clay content, the results showed that EM38 data did not improve model performance for the estimation of soil organic matter content and clay content, despite the fact that EM38 showed significant correlation with clay content.  相似文献   

4.
滩涂土壤有机质含量的反射光谱估算   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Rapid determination of soil organic matter (SOM) using regression models based on soil reflectance spectral data serves an important function in precision agriculture. “deviation of arch”(DOA)-based regression and partial least squares regression (PLSR) are two popular modeling approaches to predict SOM. However, few studies have explored the accuracy of the DOA-based regression and PLSR models. Therefore, the DOA-based regression and PLSR were applied to the visible near-infrared (VNIR) spectra to estimate SOM content in the case of various dataset divisions. A two-fold cross-validation scheme was adopted and repeated 10 000 times for rigorous evaluation of the DOA-based models in comparison with the widely used PLSR model. Soil samples were collected for SOM analysis in the coastal area of northern Jiangsu Province, China. The results indicated that both modelling methods provided reasonable estimates of SOM, with PLSR outperforming DOA-based regression in general. However, the performance of PLSR for the validation dataset decreased more noticeably. Among the four DOA-based models, the linear model of the DOA provided the best estimation of SOM and a cutoff of SOM content (19.76 g kg-1), and the performance for calibration and validation datasets was consistent. As the SOM content exceeded 19.76 g kg-1, SOM became more effective in masking the spectral features of other soil properties to a certain extent. This work confirmed that reflectance spectroscopy combined with PLSR could serve as a non-destructive and cost-efficient way for rapid determination of SOM when hyperspectral data were available. The DOA-based model, which requires only 3 bands in the visible spectra, also provided SOM estimation with acceptable accuracy.  相似文献   

5.
干旱区耕地景观格局碎化特征及社会经济驱动因素分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为探讨干旱区耕地碎化特征与驱动机制,基于特克斯县1990年、1998年、2000年、2003年、2006年、2011年的遥感影像,利用遥感与GIS技术,分析了研究区20a来耕地景观格局变化特征。并运用偏最小二乘回归模型探讨了耕地景观格局指数变化的驱动因素。结果表明:1990—2011年,研究区斑块碎化程度在逐步增大,斑块密度呈现增加的趋势;平均最近邻体距离与面积加权平均分维数在2000年前后均呈现出先减小后增大的特点,且两者的变化率在1998—2000年和2006—2011年均为正值,在其他阶段则均为负值,而斑块密度变化率的趋势则与之相反。回归模型结果显示,影响耕地碎化的主要因素包括总人口、农业机械总动力、粮食作物产量、油料作物产量等,但在三个模型中,各影响因子作用力大小存在一定差异。人口的增长与城镇化水平的提高,使大量耕地改造为建设用地,从而导致了耕地的碎化。而农业机械化水平的提高促进了耕地的集约化,在一定程度上减小了耕地斑块的孤立程度。  相似文献   

6.
可溶性阴离子是土壤盐分的重要组成部分,对植物生长发育有重要影响。为探讨野外实测光谱对土壤可溶性阴离子的反演精度,以宁夏银北平罗县盐渍化土壤为研究对象,对野外实测光谱选用6种常规变换[平滑R、平滑倒数1/R、平滑对数lg(R)、平滑倒数的对数lg(1/R)、平滑一阶微分R′、平滑二阶微分R″]预处理,然后分别利用相关性分析和逐步回归法筛选离子敏感特征波段,最后采用主成分回归(PCR)、偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)和支持向量机(SVM)建立土壤各阴离子反演模型。结果表明:1)研究区土壤中Cl-和SO42-含量较高,CO32-含量最低,属于氯化物-硫酸盐盐渍土。2)原始反射率经R″变换后与土壤阴离子的相关性最强,与CO32-、HCO3-、Cl-和SO42-相关系数分别达到0.572、0.741、0.802和0.545。3)与相关性分析相比,逐步回归(SR)更好地解决了光谱间共线性的问题,反演精度更高。4)与PCR、PLSR相比,SVM所建可溶性阴离子反演模型效果最佳。土壤CO32-、Cl-、SO42-反演效果最佳的模型均为R″-SR-SVM,其中对CO32-的反演模型建模决定系数(Rc2)为0.984、验证决定系数(Rp2)为0.560、相对分析误差(RPD)为6.76;SO42-的反演模型Rc2为0.970、Rp2为0.841、RPD为5.59;Cl-的反演模型Rc2为0.925、Rp2为0.940、RPD为3.62;HCO3-效果最佳的模型为R′-SR-SVM,Rc2为0.970、Rp2为0.840、RPD为5.59。研究结果可为该区域及同类地区土壤盐渍化反演提供理论依据。  相似文献   

7.
Spatial and temporal monitoring of soil properties in smelting regions requires collection of a large number of sam-ples followed by laboratory cumbersome and time-consuming measurements.Visible and near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (VNIR-DRS) provides a rapid and inexpensive tool to predict various soil properties simultaneously.This study evaluated the suitability of VNIR-DRS for predicting soil properties,including organic matter (OM),pH,and heavy metals (Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,and Fe),using a total of 254 samples collected in soil profiles near a large copper smelter in China.Partial least square regression (PLSR) with cross-validation was used to relate soil property data to the reflectance spectral data by applying different preprocessing strategies.The performance of VNIR-DRS calibration models was evaluated using the coefficient of determination in cross-validation (R 2 cv) and the ratio of standard deviation to the root mean standard error of cross-validation (SD/RMSE cv).The models provided fairly accurate predictions for OM and Fe (R 2 cv > 0.80,SD/RMSE cv > 2.00),less accurate but acceptable for screening purposes for pH,Cu,Pb,and Cd (0.50 < R 2 cv < 0.80,1.40 < SD/RMSE cv < 2.00),and poor accuracy for Zn (R 2 cv < 0.50,SD/RMSE cv < 1.40).Because soil properties in conta-minated areas generally show large variation,a comparative large number of calibrating samples,which are variable enough and uniformly distributed,are necessary to create more accurate and robust VNIR-DRS calibration models.This study indicated that VNIR-DRS technique combined with continuously enriched soil spectral library could be a nondestructive alternative for soil environment monitoring.  相似文献   

8.
西藏 “一江两河”地区耕地分布的空间面积狭小,限制性因素突出,识别和测度其耕地分布的影响因子,对今后区域农业发展和耕地利用具有现实意义。根据西藏“一江两河”耕地数据,应用GIS对其不同地貌类型、海拔高程的垦殖强度进行分析,在此基础上选择代表地形、气候、土壤、水文、可达性等12个因子作为自变量,1 km×1 km 网格内耕地垦殖强度为因变量,运用偏最小二乘回归方法构建回归模型,并用变量投影重要性指标衡量各因子对变量的解释能力。测度结果表明:坡度是最重要的影响因子;太阳辐射、最暖月气温、海拔高度和降水等对耕地分布有重要影响,说明西藏“一江两河”地区耕地分布主要受地形、气候两大因素控制。  相似文献   

9.
This study evaluates the effect of soil particle size (SPS) on the measurement of exchangeable sodium (Na) (EXC-Na) by near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy. Three hundred thirty-two (n = 332) top soil samples (0–10 cm) were taken from different locations across Uruguay, analyzed by EXC-Na using emission spectrometry, and scanned in reflectance using a NIR spectrophotometer (1100–2500 nm). Partial least squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR) models between reference chemical data and NIR data were developed using cross validation (leaving one out). The coefficient of determination in calibration (R2) and the root mean square of the standard error of cross validation (RMSECV) for EXC-Na concentration were 0.44 (RMSECV: 0.12 mg kg–1) for soil with small particle size (SPS-0.053) and 0.77 (RMSECV: 0.09 mg kg–1) for soils with particle sizes greater than 0.212 mm (SPS-0.212), using the NIR region after second derivative as mathematical transformation. The R2 and RMSECV for EXC-Na concentration using PCR were 0.54 (RMSECV: 0.07 mg kg–1) and 0.80 (RMSECV: 0.03 mg kg–1) for SPS-0.053 and SPS-0.212 samples, respectively.  相似文献   

10.
邵平  王钧  王星丽  瞿亮  孙培龙 《核农学报》2015,29(3):499-505
为了满足食用菌提取物实际生产监管需要,本研究采用近红外漫反射光谱技术对来自不同地区的灵芝和云芝提取物样品进行定性识别研究。在800~2 750nm波段范围,采集灵芝和云芝提取物的漫反射光谱,应用主成分聚类分析和偏最小二乘判别法分别建立识别模型,用146个样品进行建模和48个外部样品集进行验证。结果表明:采用主成分聚类判别分析法,灵芝和云芝提取物的判别界线清晰,正确率达到88.54%;采用偏最小二乘判别法,建立的鉴别分类模型能较好地对灵芝和云芝提取物进行鉴别,校正集和预测集样品的识别正确率均为100%。因此,近红外结合主成分聚类分析和偏最小二乘判别法识别灵芝和云芝提取物是可行的,同时研究结果为灵芝和云芝提取物的快速识别提供了理论依据和使用方法。  相似文献   

11.
    
Land degradation is a worldwide problem with natural and anthropogenic causes. An important anthropogenic cause of land degradation is land uses that deviate from land capability, which is the “natural” use. Despite the conscience of scientists about this issue, studies are lacking that set up a quantitative nexus between land capability and related drivers. This nexus is essential because it allows anticipating changes in the drivers that promote or recede degradation. In this study, a partial least squares–path model (PLS–PM) was used to help closing this gap. The pilot study occurred in seven Paraopeba River sub-basins located in the State of Minas Gerais (Brazil), where capability is dominated by mosaics of forests and pastures. Land capability was assessed by the ruggedness number, being inversely proportional to it. Among multiple potential drivers of land capability initially included in the model, collinearity and other consistency and performance analyses indicated the percentage of latosols and (re)forested areas, annual rainfall, and water-related processes (e.g., weathering, nutrient leaching) as prominent in the studied region. The results linked increases of latosol and forest occupation to runoff reduction [runoff = latosol × (−0.640) + forest × (−0.156) + reforestation × (−0.379)], suggesting an attenuation of erosion by these parameters, namely gully erosion that impacts on the ruggedness number and land capability in the sequel. The weathering of carbonate rocks was also related to land capability changes because the PLS–PM model exposed a relationship between the ruggedness number and products of carbonate rock dissolution: ruggedness number = alkalinity × (−0.578) + total magnesium × (0.462) + dissolved oxygen × (−0.418). In addition to highlighting processes capable of changing land capability overtime, the model equations brought attention to measures that could improve it in the region thus preventing degradation. The measures included management practices capable to raise the soil's dissolved oxygen (e.g., through aeration) or preventing soil's magnesium deficiency (e.g., through foliar sprays). The network of cause-and-effect relationships set up by the PLS–PM model was finally used to elucidate about potential land use changes that would bring capability in the Paraopeba River basin towards a better status, such as conversions to pasture land. Future work is expected to further elucidate about the benefits for land capability of specific land use changes, through the testing of expected socioeconomic development scenarios.  相似文献   

12.
    
Visible, near-infrared and shortwave-infrared (VNIR-SWIR) spectroscopy is an efficient approach for predicting soil properties because it reduces the time and cost of analyses. However, its advantages are hampered by the presence of soil moisture, which masks the major spectral absorptions of the soil and distorts the overall spectral shape. Hence, developing a procedure that skips the drying process for soil properties assessment directly from wet soil samples could save invaluable time. The goal of this study was twofold:proposing two approaches, partial least squares (PLS) and nearest neighbor spectral correction (NNSC), for dry spectral prediction and utilizing those spectra to demonstrate the ability to predict soil clay content. For these purposes, we measured 830 samples taken from eight common soil types in Israel that were sampled at 66 different locations. The dry spectrum accuracy was measured using the spectral angle mapper (SAM) and the average sum of deviations squared (ASDS), which resulted in low prediction errors of less than 8% and 14%, respectively. Later, our hypothesis was tested using the predicted dry soil spectra to predict the clay content, which resulted in R2 of 0.69 and 0.58 in the PLS and NNSC methods, respectively. Finally, our results were compared to those obtained by external parameter orthogonalization (EPO) and direct standardization (DS). This study demonstrates the ability to evaluate the dry spectral fingerprint of a wet soil sample, which can be utilized in various pedological aspects such as soil monitoring, soil classification, and soil properties assessment.  相似文献   

13.
谭洁  陈严  周卫军  崔浩杰  刘沛 《土壤》2021,53(4):858-864
氧化铁是土壤中含铁矿物的主体,是土壤发育和土壤分类最明显和最有用的指标之一。本文以湖南省大围山森林土壤为研究对象,通过实验室化学成分测定和光谱采集,在光谱预处理及组合变换基础上,采用相关性分析筛选土壤氧化铁全量的敏感波段,并分别建立多元逐步回归和偏最小二乘回归反演模型。结果表明:不同土壤光谱曲线趋势基本一致,均形似陡坎,且在420~580 nm波段,土壤氧化铁全量与光谱反射率呈负相关关系;不同的光谱数据变换方式可以提高光谱与氧化铁全量的相关性,Savitzky-Golay(S-G)平滑和去包络线相结合优于其他预处理方法;土壤氧化铁全量的特征波段主要为392、427、529、523、549、559、565、570、994和1040nm,偏最小二乘回归模型比多元逐步回归模型具有更好的稳定性,适合于快速估算红黄壤区森林土壤氧化铁全量。  相似文献   

14.
水稻叶片氮素及籽粒蛋白质含量的高光谱估测模型   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
研究水稻叶片氮素和籽粒蛋白质含量的高光谱快速、无损监测方法,对于水稻营养诊断、籽粒品质监测及氮肥高效利用具有重要意义。本文通过水稻盆栽试验,测定水稻叶片氮素、籽粒蛋白质含量和冠层光谱,采用不同的光谱建模方法来提高氮素、籽粒蛋白质含量的估测精度。先用主成分分析(PCA)方法进行特征波段的提取,再用多元线性回归(MLR)、人工神经网络(ANN)和偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)进行建模。结果表明,水稻叶片氮素和籽粒蛋白质含量与特征光谱存在很好的模型关系,3种模型预测的决定系数(R2p)均在0.847以上,并以PLSR模型的预测效果为最好,可以实现水稻氮素营养和籽粒品质的高光谱估测。  相似文献   

15.
应用漫反射反射光谱对叶面药液质量浓度进行了检测研究。选择350~1900nm波段,以标准偏差归一化、三点滑动平均滤波、一阶导数组合预处理,应用逐步回归分析、主成分、主成分+人工神经网络、偏最小二乘、偏最小二乘+人工神经网络回归分析建立了5种数学模型。试验结果表明这5种算法的预测均方根误差分别为0.067、0.061、0.059、0.039、0.056,偏最小二乘法建模效果优于其他模型。考虑到不同作物种类对叶面药液浓度影响,选用八角金盘、油菜、青菜3种作物叶片为对象,在偏最小二乘下建模,其预测集相关系数分别为0.994、0.974、0.929,预测均分根误差分别为0.039、0.050、0.075。表明不同种类作物对叶面药液浓度检测影响较小,漫反射光谱技术检测叶面药液浓度是可行的。  相似文献   

16.
土壤有机质含量可见-近红外光谱反演过程中校正集的构建策略对模型的预测精度有重要影响。以江汉平原洪湖地区水稻土为研究对象,采用Kennard-Stone(KS)法,Rank-KS(RKS)和Sample set Partitioning based on joint X-Y distance(SPXY)法,构建样本数占总校正集不同比例的子校正集,通过偏最小二乘回归,建立土壤有机质含量的可见—近红外光谱反演模型。结果表明:KS法无法提高模型预测精度,但可以在保证标准差与预测均方根误差比(ratio of performance to standard deviation,RPD)2.0的前提下减少30%的校正样本;基于SPXY法的模型,当子校正集样本比例为总校正集的50%时达到最佳的模型预测精度,RPD为2.557;RKS法能够在保证预测精度的情况下(RPD2.0),最多减少总校正集70%的样本,对应模型RPD为2.212。当校正集与验证集的有机质含量分布相近时,能够以较少的建模样本达到与总校正集相近甚至更高的模型预测精度,提升土壤有机质光谱反演模型的实用性。  相似文献   

17.
实现基于RGB图像的光谱重建对降低光谱的硬件要求、扩大其实际应用具有重大意义。该研究以鱼糜掺假检测为例,比较多元多项式最小二乘回归算法(polynomial multivariate least-squares regression,PMLR)与深度学习HRNet网络对光谱重建的性能,建立基于重建光谱多种掺假鱼糜检测模型并验证其实际应用的有效性。结果表明,2种方法的重建光谱误差较小,HRNet网络、PMLR算法重建光谱的均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)分别为0.010 4和0.012 6,大多数掺假检测模型有较高的预测准确性,其预测相关系数大于0.91,预测均方根误差小于9%。在基于重建光谱建立的掺假检测模型中,效果最佳的是基于PMLR算法重建光谱使用标准正态变量变换(standard normal variate,SNV)预处理的极限学习机回归模型,其预测均方根误差为3.954 4%、预测相关系数为0.983 0。因此,PMLR算法和HRNet网络均能较好的实现基于RGB图像的光谱重建,且重建光谱均能实现对鱼糜掺假样本的较好检测结果,为基于重建光谱的食品和农产品品质与安全检测提供了新思路。  相似文献   

18.
基于Landsat 8数据的荒漠土壤水分遥感反演   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
[目的]分析荒漠土壤水分变化特征,为南疆干旱区荒漠土壤水分遥感监测提供理论依据和方法支持.[方法]以Landsat 8数据构建干旱地区荒漠土壤水分建模指示因子,通过优选的26个光谱指数、地表温度(Ts)和地形数据(DEM)为建模因子,分别以偏最小二乘(PLSR)、支持向量机(SVM)和随机森林(RF)3种方法构建土壤水...  相似文献   

19.
[目的] 探究克里雅河流域2000—2015年植被物候期时空变化规律,在气候变化背景下为该流域植被演变过程研究提供参考。[方法] 以MODIS MOD09Q1产品和当地气象站点数据为数据源,利用植被指数动态阈值法提取流域植被物候信息并进行空间趋势分析,以偏最小二乘回归方法分析克里雅河流域植被物候期与不同月份气象因子的相关性。[结果] ①研究期内植被生长期开始时间主要在第60—180 d之间,结束时间在第180—322 d之间,植被生长期长度在70~250 d之间。中游的人工绿洲植被生长期开始时间最早,结束时间最晚,植被生长时间最长。②2000—2015年克里雅河流域植被返青期整体呈提前趋势,变化速率均值为-1.3 d/10 a,植被枯黄期呈推迟趋势,生长期延长,其中以中游的变化趋势最为明显。③春季气温和降水量的升高促进植被返青期提前,秋季气温和降水量的升高会对植被枯黄期起到推迟作用。[结论] 克里雅河流域植被物候期在不同的海拔梯度上有明显的分布变化规律,中游人工绿洲植被的物候变化规律远异于自然植被物候变化规律,并且可能影响到了下游。  相似文献   

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ABSTRACT

This study aimed to predict soil properties using visible–near infrared (VIS-NIR) spectroscopy combined with partial least square regression (PLSR) modeling. Special emphasis was given to evaluating effect of pre-processing methods on prediction accuracy and important wavelengths. A total of 114 samples were collected and involved in chemical and spectral analyzes. PLSR model of each soil property was calibrated for all pre-processing methods using all samples, and leave-one-out cross-validation was used to make comparisons between them. Then, PLSR model of each best pre-processing method was calibrated using a 75% of all samples and correspondingly validated with the remaining a 25%. Model accuracy was evaluated based on coef?cient of determination (R2), root mean-squared errors (RMSE), and residual prediction deviations (RPD). The high correlation coefficients were found between the tested soil properties and reflectance spectra. The pre-processing methods considerably improved prediction accuracy and filtering methods outperformed linearization methods, and the latter outperformed normalization methods. The performance of cross-validation, calibration and independent validation was similar. An excellent prediction (RPD>2.5) model was obtained for soil organic carbon (SOC) and calcium-carbonate (CaCO3), good quantitative (2.0< RPD<2.5) prediction for sand, silt, and clay, fair prediction (1.4< RPD<1.8) for pH, and poor prediction (1.0< RPD<1.4) for hygroscopic water content (WC). Important wavelengths varied depending on soil property, but some wavelengths were common. This study can be a precursor to building a pioneering soil spectral database, calibrating satellite data, and hyperspectral image mapping of soils as well as digital soil mapping, environmental, and erosion modeling in the Caucasus Mountains.  相似文献   

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