剑白香猪部分血液生化指标

实验测定了2、4、6月龄剑白香猪10项生化指标。结果表明:总蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶I、gG、β-球蛋白、-γ球蛋白、血清钠等指标在不同月龄间差异极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05);相同月龄雌、雄性别猪群间除了6月龄的-γ球蛋白外,其余生化常值均不显著。结果说明,剑白香猪血液生化指标的变化与其生长发育相一致而没有性别差异。     

贵州剑河白香猪

贵州剑河白香猪＠刘培琼＠张启林￥贵州农学院＠黄仁健￥贵州黔东南州科委＠刘进生＠李荣坤￥贵州剑河县政府贵州剑河白香猪刘培琼张启林（贵州农学院贵阳５５００２５）黄仁健（贵州黔东南州科委）刘进生李荣坤（贵州剑河县政府）香猪是祖国猪种资源的无价之宝,是国家二级稀有...     

贵州剑河白香猪的肉质常规指标测定（初报）

用同条件下饲养的贵州剑河６月龈的白、黑香猪作肉质常规指标测定,结果其肉色正常;大理石纹分布适中;两猪的ｐＨ值、失水率、熟肉率等指标差异均不显著（Ｐ〉０．０５）。说明剑河白香猪肉质好,是加工高档猪肉产品的最佳原材料。     

贵州白香猪与3种杂交猪脏器系数及血液生理指标比较

试验对贵州白香猪及贵州白香猪与大约克猪、杜洛克猪、长白猪3种杂交猪的体重、脏器系数和血液生理指标进行了比较。结果显示,贵州白香猪体重极显著低于3种杂交猪（P＜0.01）;贵州白香猪的脏器指标除心脏外与3种杂交猪均存在差异;贵州白香猪红细胞总数(RBC)和红细胞压积(HCT)极显著高于大约克猪×香猪（YX）（P＜0.01）;贵州白香猪的平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、白细胞中淋巴细胞数量(LYM)、白细胞中淋巴细胞比率(LYM,%)及白细胞中中性粒细胞比率(GRA,%)与长白猪×香猪（LX）间存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。     

贵州剑河白香猪的胴体性状测定（初报）

用同条件下饲养的同龄（６月龄）贵州剑河白、黑香猪作胴体性状测定，结果胴体性状主要指标差异均不显著（Ｐ〉０．０５）。     

贵州剑河白香猪血液生理指标的测定

对相同条件下饲养的６月龄剑河白香猪和黑香猪血液生理指标进行测定。结果表明，同月龄白、黑香猪红细胞数，白细胞数，血红蛋白含量，白细胞分类计数，各项指标差异均不显著（Ｐ〉０．０５）；不同性别间的白香猪、黑香猪各指标差异也不显著（Ｐ〉０．０５）。     

贵州剑河白、黑香猪的血液蛋白多态性研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术测定贵州剑河白、黑香猪血清转铁蛋白（Ｔｆ） 、前白蛋白（Ｐａ） 、后白蛋白（Ｐｏ） 、淀粉酶（Ａｍ） ,酯酶（Ｅｓ） 的遗传多态性。并计算它们的基因型频率和基因频率,以及５ 个多态位点的平均杂合度。结果表明,贵州剑河白、黑香猪５ 个多态位点的基因型频率和基因频率差异不显著（Ｐ＞ ０ ．０５） ,平均杂合度均较小,且两者间差异不显著（Ｐ＞ ０ ．０５） 。     

环江香猪断奶仔猪血液生理生化指标的测定

对环江香猪2月龄断奶仔猪60头(♂30头,♀30头)分别进行血液生理生化指标和血清钙、磷、钠、钾、氯的测定和分析。结果表明,母猪的红细胞总数、红细胞压积、嗜酸性白细胞、β-脂蛋白、尿素氮和碱性磷酸酶显著高于公猪(p<0.05),而淋巴细胞、血清总蛋白和胆碱脂酶显著低于公猪(p<0.05),其他血液生理生化指标和血清钙、磷、钠、钾、氯无明显性别差异(p>0.05)。     

黄曲霉毒素B_1中毒对犬血液生化指标的影响

为客观、定量了解黄曲霉毒素B1中毒前后犬血液生化指标的变化,本研究采用全自动生化分析仪分别测定30头犬黄曲霉毒素B1中毒前后血清谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、胆碱酯酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素、总蛋白和白蛋白7项生化指标。结果表明,中毒后血清中总胆红素、直接胆红素、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶浓度升高,总蛋白、白蛋白、胆碱酯酶浓度降低,各项指标中毒前后差异极显著(P<0.01)。     

贵州剑河久仰香猪繁殖性状研究

香猪是我国稀有的微型地方猪种,国家二级保护畜种,它是贵州省东南州壮、苗、瑶等少数民族在其特殊的自然条件和社会经济条件下,经过数百年的人工选择和自然选择而形成的,以其体型矮小、肉质香嫩、皮薄骨细、基因纯合、纯净无污染等优良特点而著称,贵州剑河久仰香猪(毛色为黑色)就是其中之一,为了了解它与长白猪、剑白香猪(毛色为两头乌或全白毛)在繁殖性状方面的差异,为贵州剑河久仰香猪保种、开发利用等提供理论参数。     

Blood cellular and biochemical studies in canine dirofilariasis

Haematological studies in heartworm-infected dogs revealed low haemoglobin concentration, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a marked increase in lymphocyte percentage. Biochemical analysis of serum of dogs infected with heartworm showed increases in serum total bilirubin, serum globulin, chloride, phosphorus, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase values and a decrease in albumin content.     

酒精阳性乳患牛血液生化指标分析

通过对不同泌乳时期酒精阳性乳患牛血清中的谷丙转氨酶(ALT/GPT)、谷草转氨酶(AST/GOT)、总胆固醇(CHOL)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐（CREA）、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白( ALB)进行测定。探讨血液生化指标的变化与酒精阳性乳的关系。结果显示,阳性牛血清中GPT、GOT、BUN、CREA含量显著升高(P<0.05 ),CHOL含量差异不显著(P>0.05 ),TP、ALB显著降低(P<0.05)。3个泌乳时期血液生化指标变化趋势基本一致。因此,酒精阳性组病牛肝异常,蛋白质分解代谢加剧,蛋白质营养状况较差。     

Tuberculosis seroprevalence and comparison of hematology and biochemistry parameters between seropositive and seronegative captive Asian elephants of Nepal

We conducted a tuberculosis (TB) serosurveillance program of captive elephants in Nepal and compared hematology and biochemistry parameters between seropositive and seronegative elephants. A total of 153 elephants (male=20, female=133) from four national parks were tested for TB using the ElephantTB STAT-PAK^® Assay (ChemBio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., Medford, NY, USA). The mean reported age for 138 elephants was 38.5 years (range 2–71 years). Seroprevalence for TB was 21.56% (33/153). The majority of seropositive elephants were female (n=30) and from Chitwan National Park (n=29). The occurrence of TB seropositive cases in other more remote national parks suggests TB may be widespread among the captive elephant population of Nepal. Hematology and biochemistry analyses were performed on 13 and 22 seropositive elephants, respectively and, nine elephants from a seronegative TB herd for comparison. Hematology parameters (hemoglobin, packed cell volume, platelet, white blood cells, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate) were comparable between the two groups. Total protein, globulin, and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly higher in seronegative elephants, and bilirubin was significantly higher in seropositive elephants whereas blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase/aspartate aminotransferase (GOT/AST), glutamic pyruvic transaminase/alanine aminotransferase (GPT/ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GT), and albumin were not significantly different. The range of biochemical parameters that were significantly different between seropositive and seronegative elephants had narrow ranges. Thus, the potential of these parameters as a direct biomarker for TB diagnosis is limited based on the findings in this study. We recommend including blood parameters in future TB surveillance studies.     

Effect of dietary phytate and phytase on metabolic change of blood and intestinal mucosa in chickens

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary phytate and phytase on the metabolic parameters of lipid, protein, enzyme, electrolyte in the blood or intestinal mucosa of broiler chickens. Diets containing phytate phosphorus (0.22% or 0.44%) with phytase supplementation (0, 500 or 1000 U/kg) were administrated to 504 Cobb chicks for 4 weeks. Results showed that the serum concentrations of total cholesterol (T‐CHO), albumin, albumin/globulin, total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were decreased by 9–41% in high phytate diets (p < 0.05) and the concentrations of blood P, K, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mg were decreased by 4–14% for birds fed high phytate diets (p < 0.05), whereas inclusion of phytase compensated these adverse influences. In the duodenum, phytate decreased the level of T‐AOC by 13% (p < 0.05), whereas phytase increased the levels of T‐SOD, T‐AOC and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by 9–16% (p < 0.05). Also, in the jejunum, diets with high phytate showed lower activity of T‐SOD, T‐AOC and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) (p < 0.05), and phytase increased T‐SOD, T‐AOC and ALP (p < 0.05). However, phytase decreased transaminase activity in the low phytate basal diets (p < 0.05). This study suggests that dietary phytate can adversely interfere with the metabolisms of lipid and protein, as well as the antioxidation of blood and intestinal cells, while phytase supplementation may compensate these effects for broiler chickens.     

补饲不同蛋白水平日粮对北川白山羊生产性能和屠宰性能的影响

本试验旨在研究放牧补饲不同蛋白水平日粮对北川白山羊生产性能和屠宰性能的影响。选择60只(6月龄)北川白山羊作为研究对象,随机分成4组,即14%蛋白组、16%蛋白组、18%蛋白组和对照组(不补饲),每组15只,测定生产性能、血液生化指标和屠宰性能。结果显示:补饲组北川白山羊平均日增重、血清总胆固醇、尿素氮含量、葡萄糖含量、谷草转氨酶活性、宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率、眼肌面积以及羊肉粗蛋白含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。随着补饲蛋白水平的增加,血清尿素氮含量呈线性增加(P<0.05),而羊肉水分含量呈线性减少(P<0.05);平均日增重、血清总胆固醇含量、血清葡萄糖含量和羊肉粗蛋白呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。结果表明:补饲不同蛋白水平日粮可以提高血清中血糖、尿素氮、总胆固醇浓度和谷草转氨酶活性,可以在一定程度上改善和提高北川白山羊的生产性能、屠宰性能及肉品质等,北川白山羊的补饲料适宜蛋白水平为16%。     

The effect of time at which plasma separation occurs on biochemical values in small island flying foxes (Pteropus hypomelanus).

Heparinized blood samples from 15 adult small island flying foxes (Pteropus hypomelanus) were stored at 22 degrees C for 0-, 6-, and 24-hr intervals prior to centrifugation and separation of plasma from erythrocytes. Mean plasma biochemical values of 16 analytes were determined from all samples. Mean values of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, cholesterol, calcium, sodium, and bilirubin did not change significantly over 24 hr at 22 degrees C. Glucose was decreased at 6 and 24 hr. Potassium and phosphorus increased and chloride decreased, respectively, between 6 and 24 hr.     

大豆肽和乳酸菌素对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血液生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究大豆肽和乳酸菌素对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血液生化指标的影响.选取336日龄健康罗曼商品蛋鸡576只,随机分成8组,每组3个重复,每个重复24只鸡.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.075％、0.15％、0.3％大豆肽和0.1％、0.2％、0.4％乳酸菌素及0.15％大豆肽+0.2％乳酸菌素的试验饲粮.预试期1周,正试期4周.结果表明:1)饲粮中添加0.15％大豆肽或0.2％乳酸菌素均可显著提高蛋鸡产蛋率(P＜0.01),降低料蛋比(P＜0.05),显著提高哈夫单位(P＜0.05),对平均日采食量、蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度无显著影响(P＞0.05).2)饲粮中添加0.15％大豆肽或0.2％乳酸菌素可以极显著或显著提高血浆谷草转氨酶(GOT) (P ＜0.01,P＜0.05)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性(P＜0.01),降低血浆尿酸含量(P＜0.01),对血浆总蛋白、清蛋白、球蛋白含量无显著影响(P＞0.05).由此可见,饲粮中添加0.15％的大豆肽或0.2％的乳酸菌素均能提高蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质,改善蛋白质代谢,并且0.15％大豆肽+0.2％乳酸菌素的联合应用优于单独添加大豆肽或乳酸菌素.     

高温对肉用仔鸡生产性能和某些血清生化指标的影响

本文研究了高温对肉用仔鸡生产性能和５种血清生化指标的影响。结果表明：不同生长时期的高温对肉用仔鸡的生产性能和血清生化指标有不同程度的影响。如２２２４日龄肉用仔鸡在３４±１．５℃下，采食量减少，体重、血清总蛋白和白蛋白均显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），饲料转化率、血糖、球蛋白和胆固醇无显著变化。２２４２日龄给予高温处理，鸡采食量和饲料转化率均降低，体重、血糖、血清总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白均显著下降或极显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１），胆固醇仍无明显变化。４０４２日龄给予高温处理，鸡的生产性能和各项血清生化指标均显著下降或极显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

尿素水平对青山羊血液生化指标的影响

应用饲养试验与氮平衡试验,研究了不同尿素水平的日粮对青山羊血清总蛋白(STP)、血清清蛋白(ALB)、血清球蛋白(GLB)、血清清球蛋白比值(A/G)、血清尿素氮(SUN)及血清谷丙转氨酶的含量变化的影响。试验采用4×4拉丁方试验设计,试验分4个阶段,在基础日粮一致的情况下,采用4、9、14、0(对照)g/kg·DM4种不同的处理,试验结果表明:不同尿素水平极显著影响ALB、SUN浓度和GPT活性浓度(P<0.01),对血清清球比(A/G)无显著差异(P>0.05),尿素水平与STP、GLB浓度存在负相关;血清含氮生化指标STP、ALB、GLB、A/G、GPT、SUN随时间呈动态变化,出现高峰的时间比瘤胃氨浓度出现的时间平均推迟1～2h。进食尿素后,血液生化指标由平稳逐渐缓慢升高到高峰,随后又下降并趋于平衡。     

颈静脉灌注精氨酸对泌乳中期奶牛血清生化和免疫指标的影响

本文旨在研究颈静脉灌注精氨酸对泌乳中期奶牛血清生化和免疫指标的影响。采用3×3复式拉丁方试验设计,选择6头体重、胎次、泌乳期、泌乳量和体况基本一致的荷斯坦奶牛为试验动物,随机分为3组(每组2头),分别为酪蛋白组(对照组)、精氨酸组(灌注37.66 g/d)、丙氨酸组(与精氨酸组等氮,灌注77.24 g/d);每个试验期为22 d(7 d灌注+15 d间隔),在每个试验灌注期的最后1 d晨饲前采血,测定血清生化和免疫指标。结果表明:精氨酸组的奶牛血清中总蛋白、免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)浓度要显著高于其他2组(P0.05),白球比、白细胞介素1(IL-1)浓度显著高于丙氨酸组(P0.05),但是牛奶中体细胞数显著低于其他2组(P0.05),而血清中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性,免疫球蛋白A(Ig A)、免疫球蛋白E(Ig E)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)浓度在组间无显著差异(P0.05)。综上,灌注精氨酸能够通过提高血清总蛋白、Ig G及IL-1、TNF-α的浓度,从而一定程度上增强泌乳奶牛机体的免疫力和胎儿的被动免疫力。