鸡传染性支气管炎山东A株病毒S1高可变区基因的克隆

参照国外已发表的M41高可变区Sl序列设计-对引物，跨度为1．7kb左右。采用差速离心法浓缩病毒，提取病毒RNA，经RT-PCR扩增，得到与设计同样大小的PCR DNA片段，将PCR产物纯化，与质粒载体(pGEM-T EasyVecTOR)连接，并转入大肠杆菌JMl09，获取阳性克隆。增菌培养后用小量碱提取法提取质粒，利用PCR扩增法与EooRI酶切分析进行鉴定。对阳性质粒DNA进行测序，利用0migaa2．0、Dnasis等分子生物学软件进行分析，并与标准M4l株、T株等进行序列比较，结果表明：山东传支A株与标准M41株同源性较高，最大同源率为99％；与标准T株同源性较差，最大同源率为80％。理论酶切图谱与M41相同，为同一基因型。     

Phylogenetic analysis of S1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from China

Between 2006 and 2009, seven strains of infectious bronchitis (IB) virus (IBV) were isolated from vaccinated chicken flocks on different chicken farms in China. The pathogenic characters of seven IBV strains were assessed. Each of the seven strains was infective to the test chickens and could induce an immune response. The results from chicken embryo cross-neutralization assays showed that these strains were antigenically distinct from classic IBV strains of H120, M41, Conn, and Gray. Compared to H120 vaccine strain, point mutation, short insertion, and deletion occurred at many positions in the S1 protein of the seven strains. Five of the seven strains had the motif (HRRRR), which was identical to that of the epidemic IBV strains in China. Two new motifs (HRLRR and RRIRR) emerged in the isolated strains. The homology of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the S1 gene among the seven isolates was 81.7%-99.7% and 79.0%-99.4%, respectively. These seven strains were also genetically different from the vaccine strains and non-China IBV strains but closely related to large numbers of Chinese strains. The seven isolates and 36 reference IBV strains were clustered into six distinct groups (I-VI). The seven strains were categorized into groups I, II, and III, forming a big phylogenetic branch, which is closely related to Chinese IBVs, whereas the vaccine strains belonging to group VI are genetically distant from groups I, II, and III. The results from this study indicate that different IBV strains cocirculate in the chicken population in China.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒分离株核衣壳基因克隆、序列分析和真核表达

根据GenBank公开序列自行设计一对引物，采用RT—PCR扩增出鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（Infectious bronchitis virus，IBV）W和C9001分离株完整的核衣壳（N）基因，并将其克隆至pMD18-T载体进行核苷酸序列测定和分析。结果表明，扩增的2个IBV分离株核衣壳基因片段长度均为1230bp，编码409个氨基酸，彼此间核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为88．0％和89．5％，与GenBank中有代表性的参考毒株相应基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列比较显示，w株核苷酸序列与GenBank中的广东分离株（AY646283）同源性最高，为94．1％，氨基酸序列同源性为94．6％；与国内部分毒株核苷酸序列同源性在86．1％～88．0％之间，氨基酸序列同源性在88．0％～90．7％之间；C9001株与国内部分毒株核苷酸序列同源性在86．4％～99．8％之间，氨基酸序列同源性在88．0％～99．8％之间。从核衣壳基因编码的氨基酸序列的系统进化树可见，W株与C9001株处于不同的进化分枝，亲缘关系较远。同时将核衣壳基因构建于真核表达质粒pVAX1中，用脂质体法将重组质粒转染入COS-7细胞中，间接免疫荧光检测出核衣壳蛋白的体外表达。研究结果为进一步研究IBV核衣壳蛋白的结构与功能以及基因工程疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

表达传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因重组鸡痘病毒的构建

将鸡传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因插入到鸡痘病毒转移载体pSY681中，获得重组转移载体pSY681。将pSY681-IBVS1转染已感染亲本鸡痘病毒S-FPV-017株的鸡胚成纤维细胞，使其在鸡胚成纤维细胞内与鸡痘病毒基因组发生同源重组，产生表达鸡IBVS1蛋白的重组鸡痘病毒rFPV-IBVS1。在含有X-gal的营养琼脂培养基上进行蓝斑筛选且进一步纯化14代。S1基因的PCR检测表明，获得的含传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因的重组鸡痘病毒能够稳定遗传，间接免疫荧光和Western blot等试验证实该重组病毒在CEF内真实地表达了分子量约为90Ku的具有免疫学活性的IBV S1糖蛋白。     

禽传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

根据GenBank已公布的传染性支气管炎病毒(Infectious bronchitis virus,IBV)株S1基因序列及pPIC9K表达载体序列,设计1对IBV S1基因表达片段的PCR引物,用RT-PCR方法扩增出长度为1 566 bp IBV S1基因表达片段,5′端不含信号肽序列,3′端添加了终止密码子。用限制性内切酶SnaB和Not将S1基因和载体pPIC9K酶切回收后连接,构建了重组表达载体pPIC9K-S1。用限制性内切酶Bgl将表达质粒pPIC9K-S1线性化,然后用电转化的方法导入毕赤酵母GS115,在MD平板上生长的转化子经过PCR鉴定和表型筛选后,获得了整合型阳性重组菌株GS115/pPIC9K-S1 His Muts。将重组菌株在1%甲醇中进行诱导分泌表达,并对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE、Western blot分析。结果显示,IBV S1基因在毕赤酵母中成功获得了表达,表达蛋白的分子量约为76 000,能与IBV阳性血清特异性结合,表达的蛋白占上清中总蛋白量的12.5%。     

Serotypes of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolates from field cases in Japan

Eight etiologic agents isolated from field cases in Japan were identified as isolates of infectious bronchitis virus by agar-gel diffusion, buoyant-density determination on sucrose-density centrifugation, and morphological study by electron microscope of the purified viruses. In studies of the antigenic relationships of the eight isolates and six known infectious bronchitis viruses, antigenic diversity of these viruses was recognized from the degrees of relatedness using a plaque reduction in the "constant-virus decreasing-serum" method.     

肾型IBV山东分离株S1高变区(HVR)的基因克隆与序列分析

根据Genbank上发表的IBV病毒的S1基因序列,用Oligo6．0设计了一对用于扩增HVR基因的引物,经RT-PCR扩增得到了预期大小的产物。将目的条带纯化回收后克隆到PMD18-T载体上,对插入的目的片段进行序列测定,并与已发表的IBV HVR基因序列进行比较,发现与ARK-1592-29株的血清型较近,其同源性为91％,从基因序列比较来看可初步把SF株定为ARK株的变异株。     

传染性支气管炎病毒TY1株结构蛋白基因部分片段的表达

根据已报道的传染性支气管炎病毒S基因序列设计了1对引物，利用从传染性支气管炎病毒TY1株中提取的RNA，经PCR扩增获得了300bp的产物；序列测定与分析表明，所扩增产物是传染性支气管炎病毒结构蛋白基因的部分片段。将扩增片段插入pET32a构建表达载体，并于大肠埃希氏菌BL21中进行表达；结果表明，该片段在大肠埃希氏菌中成功表达，产物为30ku、以可溶性形式存在的蛋白。Western—blotting分析表明，该蛋白可与传染性支气管炎病毒TY1株阳性血清发生反应。     

鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病毒分离株S1基因的序列分析

对鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(infectious bronchitis virus,IBV)肾型毒株BJQ、BJS、BJY、SDW和HBN的S1全基因进行了扩增、克隆和序列测定,并将所分离毒株的S1基因序列与5个参考毒株进行了比较.结果表明,IBV分离株S1基因间核苷酸同源性在76.7%～92.1%之间,氨基酸同源性在73.9%～89.5%之间.氨基酸序列特征分析表明,S1基因多处存在突变、缺失和插入现象,其中在氨基酸69～81和142～150位点区出现较高的变异.系统进化树分析表明,除SDW株与Gray属于相同的进化分支外,其他国内肾型分离株属于同一个进化分支,而韩国、日本等亚洲分离株和美洲分离株分别属于其他不同的进化分支,说明IBV病毒的发生和流行与地域及所致病型有一定的相关性.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒广西分离株血清型的分析

应用病毒感染的鸡胚材料免疫新西兰兔的方法制备抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)单因子血清,然后在鸡胚气管环培养(Tracheal organ cultures,TOC)上对广西分离的7个IBV代表性毒株和3个常用疫苗株进行交叉病毒中和试验。结果显示,10个毒株被分为6个血清型。根据试验所得的R值,应用聚类分析法分析了各血清型毒株之间的亲缘关系,显示目前在广西流行的IBV野毒株之间以及其与疫苗株间的抗原性存在很大程度的差异,分属不同的血清型。同时还对IBV基因分型和血清分型之间的关系进行了探讨。     

河南不同临床型鸡支气管炎病毒流行毒株的分离鉴定及其S1基因变异分析

经鸡胚接种、RT-PCR、气管环培养等方法从河南地区发病鸡群中分离、鉴定出2株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(Infectious bronchitic virus,IBV),分别命名为HN/HL株和HN/SG株。应用RT-PCR方法对尿囊液中HN/HL株和HN/SG株以及本室保存的H120株的S1基因全序列进行了扩增,并对其进行克隆测序。结果显示,3株IBV目的片段全长分别为1828、1825、1819bp,3个序列相互之间存在多位点的变异,同时存在插入和缺失现象;对推导的氨基酸序列进行分析表明,HN/HL株S蛋白裂解识别位点序列为HRRRR,而HN/SG株和H120株S蛋白裂解识别位点同为RRFRR。将测序结果同GenBank上登录的其他IBVS1基因相比较,发现本试验的HN/HL株与疫苗H120株的同源性仅为78.1%,HN/SG株与H120株的同源性仅为81.1%,而HN/HL株与HN/SG株的同源性为87.9%。同源性及遗传进化分析还发现,已报道的腺胃型ZJ971株和QX株在分子水平上应该分别属于呼吸型和肾型IBV。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒S1和N基因遗传变异的相关性

对国内1992—2005年分离的IBV毒株的纤突蛋白(S1)和核衣壳蛋白(N)基因分别进行克隆测序,结合在GenBank中发表的IBV S1和N基因的序列,对其不同毒株的S1或N基因片段和全长、S1和N基因全长分别进行遗传变异的研究,利用统计学软件SPSS11.5进行同源性相关分析。结果表明:不同IBV毒株N或S1基因片段与其全长之间遗传变异高度相关,核苷酸r≥0.892,氨基酸0.854≤r≤0.968;但S1与N基因全长之间核苷酸的遗传变异相关性相对较低一些,而且有些毒株间S1基因同源性很低(r=0.645),但N基因同源性仍很高,显示每个基因变异的独立性。国内IBV疫苗株之间S1和N基因核苷酸高度同源(S1≥97.3%;N≥90.7%),而野毒株与疫苗株相比S1和N基因同源性均较低(S1≤84.3%;N≤87.1%),这也可能与常规疫苗对IBV野毒株不能有效保护有关。     

Vaccine efficacy against Ontario isolates of infectious bronchitis virus

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an economically important viral disease with worldwide distribution. Every country with an intensive poultry industry has infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). The virus rapidly spreads from bird to bird through horizontal transmission by aerosol or ingestion. Sentinel bird studies were carried out in southern Ontario and IBV has been isolated from layer flocks. Genetic analysis of the S1 region of the strains showed that they were not vaccine related. The pathogenicity of selected Ontario variants of IBV isolates was studied and the subsequent work was to determine the degree of protection against field isolates provided by a commonly used vaccine MILDVAC-Ma5 in Ontario. The protection was evaluated by challenging immunized chickens with the respiratory (IBV-ON1) and nephropathogenic (IBV-ON4) viruses. The mean vaccine efficacy for IBV-ON1 was 66.7% indicating that a Massachusetts serotype vaccine would provide some protection against IBV field isolates.     

Pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from Ontario chickens

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is one of the important viral diseases of chickens, and in spite of regular vaccination, IB is a continuous problem in Canadian poultry operations. In an earlier study using sentinel chickens we determined the incidence of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Ontario commercial layer flocks. The objective of this study was to determine the pathogenicity of 5 nonvaccine-related IBV isolates recovered from the sentinel birds. The clinical signs, gross, and histological lesions in specific pathogen-free chickens indicated that all 5 isolates caused mild lesions in the respiratory tract. An important finding of this study was the significantly lower average daily weight gain among virus-inoculated groups of chickens during the acute phase of infection. Based on sequences of part of the S1 gene IBV-ON2, IBV-ON3, and IBV-ON5 formed a cluster and they were closely related to strain CU-82792. IBV-ON4 had 98.7% identity with the strain PA/1220/9, a nephropathogenic variant.     

Preparing hemagglutinating antigen from isolates of infectious bronchitis virus

The hemagglutinating (HA) activity of 14 strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was investigated. The optimal conditions for IBV antigen preparation include inoculation of 10- or 11-day-old specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs and incubation for 30 hours at 37 C. Embryos were inoculated via the allantoic cavity with 0.1 ml of a low embryonic passage of the virus (10(7) to 10(8) EID50/ml). Allantoic fluid was harvested and pooled, and a 100-fold concentration of virus particles was achieved by centrifugation for 3 hours at 30,000 x g. Virus pellets were resuspended in Tris-hydrochloride buffer containing 3 units of phospholipase-C (type-1) enzyme/ml and incubated for 2 hours at 37 C. All IBV strains tested demonstrated positive HA activity with chicken red blood cells. The antigen was stored in liquid state or lyophilized at 4 C.     

表达鸡传染性支气管炎病毒S基因的重组新城疫病毒构建

为构建以新城疫病毒(NDV)为活毒载体表达鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)S基因的重组病毒,本研究利用RT-PCR技术,以IBV的Massachusetts41株RNA为模板,通过RT-PCR扩增得到IBV S基因(3534bp),将其插入到NDV感染性克隆pBRN-FL中,构建了含有IBV S基因的重组NDV cDNA克隆pBRN-FL-IBVS。利用磷酸钙转染法,在辅助质粒pBS-NP、pBS-P和pBS-L的共同作用下,将pBRN-FL-IBVS转染表达T7聚合酶重组痘病毒感染的BSR细胞,救获重组NDV(rL-IBVS)。采用RT-PCR检测接种重组病毒的鸡胚尿囊液,结果表明rL-IBVS中含有相应外源基因。IFA试验表明,rL-IBVS可与鸡抗IBV的高免血清发生特异性反应,证明S蛋白在感染的BSR细胞中得到表达。其鸡胚平均致死时间、脑内致病指数和静脉内致病指数等指标显示rL-IBVS保持了亲本疫苗株高滴度的鸡胚生长特性和低致病力特性。本研究采用反向遗传操作技术构建了表达IBV S蛋白的重组NDV,为进一步研制IBV和NDV的重组基因工程活载体疫苗奠定了基础。