山东省农产品冷链物流监管与追溯公共服务平台的构建

随着经济发展和居民消费水平的不断提高,生鲜农产品冷链全程关系居民消费安全,其重要性得到全社会的广泛关注。以农产品为研究对象,从信息技术的角度构建了一个以实现冷链物流监管与追溯为目的的公共服务平台,设计了系统主要功能实现的流程,探讨了实现平台关键技术,基于SOA构架设计了山东省农产品区域冷链物流监管与追溯公共服务平台;平台实现了生产企业端的产前管理、产中管理、产后管理、仓储企业的仓储温湿度、仓储期管理、运输企业的运输温湿度监管、车辆实时定位、车辆轨迹回放等功能。该系统有利于增强了消费者的农产品的冷链监管意识,提出了一套从农产品冷链物流监管和追溯模式,为冷链实现全程监管与追溯打下基础。     

农产品视频履历追溯系统设计

针对目前农产品追溯系统中履历信息单一化和信息量少的问题,设计了一个以实现生产过程中质量追溯为目的的农产品视频履历追溯系统.基于ARM9嵌入式技术与H.264压缩技术相结合对农产品生产过程进行视频履历的采集和压缩处理,应用3G无线传输技术对视频履历进行传输,通过生产服务器对视频履历进行存储,以.NET为平台开发了用户对农产品视频履历追溯系统的软件.该系统可采集农产品生产过程各个阶段的视频履历,为农产品追溯提供了更直观、更丰富、更具说服力的履历信息.该系统运行结果表明,系统具有通用性强、可靠性高、稳定性好、便携式等特点,可方便地应用于温室、农田等各种农产品生产的环境,从而满足用户的不同需求.     

基于二维码的柑橘追溯系统设计

对农产品的追溯是提高食品安全的重要措施,通过对柑橘各环节数据的记录,利用二维码技术,可以得到柑橘的产地、质量、加工等中间环节的信息,有效加强了对柑橘质量的监管,保证消费者的权益。为此,笔者设计了基于二维码技术的柑橘追溯系统,并进行了相应的功能设计。     

基于物联网植物工厂监控系统的设计

利用现代物联网技术,设计了基于物联网植物工厂监管系统,包含农产品生长环境监控系统和农产品追溯系统两部分。下位机通过在温室大棚内布设Zig Bee无线传感网络,精确感知温室大棚内的环境因子,并通过Zig Bee-Wifi网关将采集的数据通过分布式中间件利用Web service技术传送到上位机网站;用户可以通过电脑登陆农产品生长环境监控系统查看实时环境信息,远程操作大棚内的滴灌、温控和补光等设施;还可以在大棚内种植农产品过程中使用电脑登陆农产品追溯系统,按追溯编号录入农产品的种植日期、名称、采摘时间、物流信息、销售路径等信息。销售时,将生成的载有农产品信息的二维码贴在包装盒上,消费者可以通过手机扫二维码标签查询农产品从种植到销售的详细信息。     

基于区域一体化视角的长三角农产品质量全程跟踪机制研究

上海是长三角农产品销售的重要市场。随着《上海市食品安全信息追溯管理办法》的实施,上海对食品安全监管的力度进一步加强。"菜管家"作为上海地区知名的生鲜电商平台,在打通地产优质农产品闭环追溯模式之后,基于企业管理模式与发展需求的角度出发,顺应市委市政府对食品安全"严格管理"的要求。文章以长三角地区畜禽农产品为例,探索打通入沪农产品质量安全管理的信息流,建立起基于区域一体化视角的长三角农产品质量全程跟踪机制。     

基于物联网的农产品全流程追溯系统设计与实现

为满足消费者对于农产品质量安全的需求,设计开发了农产品全流程追溯系统。本系统基于物联网的三层组织架构进行设计,包括设备数据采集、网络数据传输及系统开发。在系统中实现了农产品从种植、农事、采收、仓储、运输等环境的实时追溯,搭建了模块集成的大数据展示平台,向消费者全方位展示了农产品的精准信息,建立了供需信任。进一步实现了科技助农,为物联网农业发展插上了智慧的翅膀。     

淮安市农产品质量追溯现状研究

农产品质量追溯涉及到多个方面,从系统论的角度出发,把农产品追溯系统分为追溯平台建设、生产主体应用和消费者应用三大主要部分来进行研究。本文具体研究了淮安市农产品追溯平台建设和利用状况,生产主体对质量追溯的应用情况,消费者对农产品质量追溯的认识和使用情况,提出了提高淮安市农产品质量追溯的具体对策。     

基于嵌入式Linux的农产品物流智能追溯系统设计

当前技术构架下可追溯系统面临感知数据采集能力欠缺、追溯数据粒度输出单一、追溯平台体系结构薄弱等瓶颈。为解决这些问题,以上位机农产品流通追溯系统为业务支撑,结合WSN和物联网技术,设计一种新的基于Linux嵌入式技术的农产品质量安全物流智能追溯系统。该系统采用基于SPC的可追溯感知数据时域压缩粒子群优化算法,提高感知数据采集效率,并延长监测网络寿命。通过测试发现,该系统无线覆盖距离大、丢包率低,集RFID身份识别、混合标签打印、无线数据上传于一体,并通过网络实现智能查询追溯服务,具有良好的推广应用前景。     

基于Agent的农产品可追溯系统研究

构建农产品可追溯系统已经成为当前保障农产品质量安全的有力手段.Agent技术在事故诊断和应对上的优势为农产品质量追溯提供了新的思路.为此,简单介绍了Agent技术和基于Agent的质量追溯研究现状,并对基于Agent的农产品质量追溯机理进行了探讨.最后,提出了应用agent技术可能存在的难点及有待解决的问题.     

农产品物流过程追溯中的智能配送系统

针对农产品物流配送过程追溯信息采集不易、监管不利的状况,设计了农产品物流过程追溯模型,综合采用地理信息系统技术、全球定位技术、条码扫描技术和无线通信技术,构建具有产品自动配载、配送最佳路径选择、运输过程实时监控和配送到货智能更新功能的系统,系统包括车载信息采集子系统和配送中心管理与决策子系统,实现了系统功能,并解决了系统实现的关键技术.跟踪测试结果表明,系统能实现配送过程信息的快速采集与过程追溯.     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。