基于ZigBee的大棚温湿度监控系统设计

基于现代化温室大棚种植需要,本设计实现了基于ZigBee的大棚温湿度监控。传感器节点采集的温湿度数值通过ZigBee协议汇聚到协调器,上位机通过串口接收来自协调器的数据并实时直观地显示出来。系统以单片机为核心结合温湿度传感器监测环境状况,根据作物需要设置报警值从而实现大棚的智能化监控。系统包括总体方案设计、硬件设计和软件设计调试。通过实验进行验证,结果表明本系统运行稳定,实时性和温湿度准确性达到实际应用要求。     

基于无线传感器网络(WSN)的禽舍环境监测系统

针对禽舍环境监测水平低及监测方式落后等问题,提出了基于无线传感器网络的禽舍环境监测系统的设计,利用ZigBee技术将分布在禽舍的传感器节点组成无线传感器网络,及时监测禽舍内的环境因素。设计采用了Jennic公司生产的第二代开发平台JN5139为核心模块,利用温湿度传感器SHT11采集禽舍内的温湿度数据,将采集到的数据通过ZigBee网络发送到LabVIEW编辑的监测平台。模拟测试结果表明:该系统符合低成本、低功耗的要求,组网简单,能够有效准确地监测禽舍内的环境温湿度数据。     

森林土壤温湿度嵌入式远程实时监测系统

针对森林土壤温湿度采集系统中的数据采集问题,以μC/OS-II操作系统为软件开发基础,设计了以S3C44B0X为核心的土壤温湿度数据远程实时监测系统.系统以土壤的温湿度和监测点的地理位置为监测对象,实时将温湿度和经纬度数据通过GPRS网络传送到远程的监测服务器.分析了系统各组成模块软硬件的功能与实现方法.     

基于物联网和LabVIEW的温室大棚监测系统设计

为保证温室大棚里植物的正常生长,要对温室里的温度、湿度进行监测。设计一种采用ZigBee和GPRS技术基于物联网和LabVIEW的温室大棚监测系统。该系统选用集数据收发和数据处理于一体的低功耗芯片CC2530,可以有效降低监测网络的成本、延长使用寿命。无线传感网络采集的状态信息数据经GPRS网络传输到监控平台,利用LabVIEW图形化编程软件实现数据的动态显示和分析。实验表明,该系统各项技术性能指标达到设计要求,可实现智能监测。     

基于物联网的农业大棚环境监测系统设计

为实现农业大棚环境信息的实时远程监测和管理,设计基于物联网的农业大棚环境监测系统。系统依据物联网架构设计,感知层通过单片机实时采集空气温湿度、土壤温湿度、二氧化碳浓度与光照强度6个环境参数,通过GPRS将数据传输到网络层。网络服务层基于云服务器,提供业务逻辑管理功能,建立数据中心。应用层采用Bootstrap和ECharts等网页技术,提供响应式布局的可视化交互界面。系统实现农业大棚环境信息采集与远程监测,提高农业大棚的管理水平。     

基于ZigBee的寒地水稻温室大棚智能控制系统设计

针对我国北方寒地水稻育秧大棚的结构特点,设计并开发了一套基于ZigBee的智能控制系统,并构建了该系统的星型网络,用以实现将传感器采集到的数据进行无线传输的功能。系统进行数据采集的模块分别采用AT89S52单片机、数字式空气温湿度传感器DB420、数字式土壤温度传感器DS18B20和数字式土壤水分传感器SM2802M,用这些模块来监测空气中的温湿度、土壤温度以及土壤水分等,将监测到的数据通过JM12864F显示出来。这些采集模块还可以监测到大棚内的空气温湿度、土壤温度、土壤水分含量等实时信息,并对这些信息进行分析处理,将分析处理的结果发送到用户手中,达到远程监控的目的。     

基于物联网的农林小气候监测系统数据汇聚平台

为监测农林生产中复杂多变的气候状况,采用无线传感器网络作为采集端,以基于ARM9平台的数据汇聚平台作为汇聚节点,设计了基于物联网的农林小气候监测系统。该平台可实时汇聚监测数据,并通过GPRS将数据发送到远程后台数据中心,从而实现对水位、降雨量、风速风向、温湿度等参数的实时监测和分析。     

基于无线传输的温室环境智能监测与报警系统

设计了一种基于ZigBee和GPRS无线传输的温室环境智能监测和报警系统,有效地解决了温室环境监测过程中布线困难、报警方式单一、成本高、不能稳定运行等缺点。以微型处理器和ZigBee通讯节点作为采集节点,以ZigBee和GSM/GPRS通讯模块作为汇聚和远程数据传输的网关节点,采用树状的组网方式完成短距离的数据汇聚,通过GPRS完成远程数据传输;在服务器上配置了数据库和网页远程服务,用户通过用户终端远程访问温室作物实时监测数据。本文实现了节点和服务器的双向数据通讯,使服务器可以远程配置单个采集节点的报警上下阈值和采集时间周期;完成了温室环境的智能报警;加入了系统可靠运行机制,使系统可以连续、稳定地运行。经试验验证,系统可以满足温室作物生长环境的智能监测和报警需求。     

基于ZigBee技术与BP神经网络的棉田自动灌溉控制系统设计

针对新疆水资源紧缺、农业用水量大的一系列问题,基于ZigBee技术设计一种能够实现棉田自动灌溉系统,该系统进行了无线传感器网络节点设计,组建了模块化的设计方案包括信息采集模块、控制模块和通讯模块,通过采集模块采集到的模拟电压信号通过A/D转换成数字信号以便单片机进行处理。通过GPRS通讯模块将信息发送到由组态软件Labview设计人机交互界面,可以监控滴灌现场情况做出自动和手动调整。建立BP神经网络的监测预警模型,并利用这种计算量小的方法来实现稳定监测并达到预警稳定的效果。该系统运行稳定,能够实现数据采集,适用于棉田灌溉的实时监控。     

基于ZigBee的温室监测系统设计

针对国内现有温室建设情况,设计一种新型的基于ZigBee无线传感器网络的温室监测系统。该系统在TI公司CC2530芯片和免费ZigBee协议基础上,通过对系统的软硬件设计,实现了温室内温度、湿度以及农作物叶片温湿度的实时监测,为农作物疾病预防提供有效保障。测试结果表明,系统运行可靠、采集灵敏,满足系统设计和实际需求。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。