基于无线传感网络的农田远程监测系统设计

针对现有农田监测系统在网关与服务器远程通信、视频信号传输、设备供电等方面存在的问题和缺陷,开发出一套基于无线传感网络的农田远程监测系统。系统以传感器节点、视频监控设备、无线网桥、ZigBee网关、远程服务器为硬件平台,以Visual Studio 2012为软件开发环境,结合SQL Server2005数据库技术,实现远程服务器对大田现场的实时数据查询、历史数据查询、数据报表、视频查看、异常状态报警、辅助决策等功能,并提供PC和手机端的两种访问方式。实践表明:该系统实现了对监控区域环境数据、作物生长信息的有效监测,满足现代农业对农田监测的要求。     

基于WEB的粮仓信息采集远程监控系统

针对粮仓的信息采集要求,结合嵌入式Web,设计了一种粮仓信息采集远程监控系统.该系统由粮仓现场检测系统、Web服务器、远程监控中心3部分组成.Web服务器通过RS-232标准串行接口与粮库现场测控器通信,经光纤以太网与远程监控中心交互信息.粮仓现场测控器采用89C51单片机,通过温湿度传感器采集信息,将采集的数据经过处理后通过串行通信接口上传到Web服务器.基于嵌入式平台进行嵌入式Boa服务器的设计和Boa监控软件的开发,远程用户可方便地实现对粮仓信息采集的监控.     

基于GSM模块的粮库远程监控系统设计

针对传统粮库远程监控大多使用有线通信的现状,设计了一种基于GSM模块的粮库远程无线监控系统。该系统主要由GSM模块、单片机、温度检测模块、火灾信息检测模块和输出控制模块等部分组成。系统能够监控粮库温度、火灾和盗警等环境信息,并能以短信息方式发送给远程监控手机,同时能够通过短信息实现对粮库有关设备的控制。该系统采用GSM通信网络实现粮库远程无线监控,具有成本低、通信安全性高、工作可靠及操作简单等特点。     

北方日光温室远程视频监控系统设计

设计一款基于嵌入式Linux和3G网络技术的远程视频监控系统。该系统采用S3C2410嵌入式处理器和Linux操作系统,利用视频服务器软件,通过3G无线上网卡完成客户端与视频服务器的通信,可用于对农业温室作物生长状况进行监控。     

自动配料生产线远程管理系统研究

为实现自动配料生产过程的远程管理及生产现场的无人值守,根据自动配料生产线的特点,设计了一种自动生产配合饲料的远程管理系统。系统采用S7-200 CPU226实现现场设备的控制。通过自由口协议实现与现场监控计算机的通信。监控程序使用VC++.NET开发,并采用客户端/服务器通信模式,实现了自动配料系统的网络化远程管理。采用屏幕切分法进行现场监控画面的及时传输,实现现场设备的实时监控。     

自动配料远程监控系统设计

为将各种原料准确快速地混合成各类配合饲料,设计了一种基于S7-200 PLC的自动配料远程监控系统。采用S7-200 CPU226实现现场设备的控制,通过自由口协议实现与现场监控计算机的通信。使用VC++.NET开发的客户端和服务器监控程序实现了配方的远程及时调整与实时监控。同时,采用屏幕分格方法以及霍夫曼压缩算法,实现了现场监控图像的无损压缩及实时传输,为生产过程的远程监管及生产现场的无人值守提供技术保证。     

基于移动终端的远程温室控制系统

简述了一种结合Internet网络和嵌入式技术的远程温室监控系统。系统采用移动终端作为监控端,通过全球移动通信系统GPRS控制温室内的喷灌设备、通风设备和照明设备;移动终端可以通过Internet网络登录Cortex-A8信息处理器上构建的Web服务器BOA和网络视频服务器MJPG-streamer,实现实时视频监测温室现场。信息采集模块构建无线传感器网络,采集温室内的温度、湿度、光照强度、CO2浓度等参数信息,并将数据发送到Cortex-A8信息处理器,最终以HTML网页的形式显示在Android手机端。实验表明,系统真正实现了多温室远程移动监控,解决了传统温室监控系统受办公地点限制、需要人工现场操作及不够智能化的问题。     

基于以太网和移动平台的奶牛场环境远程监控系统

针对现有奶牛场环境远程监控系统移动性差、操作复杂、功耗高等缺点,开发了一种基于以太网和手机微信开放平台的奶牛场养殖环境远程监控系统,实现了奶牛场温度、湿度、CO2浓度、H2S浓度、SO2浓度、NH3浓度等环境参数的精确采集和远程实时监控。系统通过以太网进行数据传输,利用Kingview 6.55工业组态软件开发了上位机监控软件系统,将上位机监控系统数据库与微信公共平台有机融合,实现了利用手机微信客户端完成对奶牛场环境远程监控的功能。经过实验室仿真试验及在奶牛场的实际运行试验证明,该系统运行稳定可靠,实时性好,监控效果理想,数据丢包率在100 m范围内最高仅0.041%,有效地解决了对奶牛场环境信息进行实时现场监控和远程监控的问题。     

基于嵌入式技术的农田信息远程采集系统

根据农田信息远程监测的特点, 提出了一种基于嵌入式系统和无线远程通信技术相结合的系统解决方案.该系统以ARM7 CPU 为硬件核心, 通过μC/ OS-Ⅱ嵌入式操作系统的调度与管理, 实现农业信息的实时采集与处理, 然后经由GPRS 无线移动通信模块发送至数据中心服务器.服务器接受数据,并采用ASP.NET技术实现动态WEB 发布.该系统的实现满足了农田信息远程监测的各种需要,为农田信息现代化提供了重要支持.     

免耕播种机实时监控系统关键部件的设计

设计一种免耕播种机实时监控系统,该系统主要由传感器、控制器和通信模块组成,可以实时监测播种机的运行状态和环境信息,并将数据传输至远程终端。该系统的设计实现了对免耕播种机的实时监控和控制,提高了农业生产的效率和准确性。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。