基于GPRS的茶园土壤温湿度远程监测系统

分析了土壤温湿度对茶树生长的重要影响,设计了一种适用于陕南丘陵山区茶园的土壤温湿度远程监测系统.该统由检测终端中的微控制器通过AT指令控制GPRS模块,基于GPRS网络接入Internet,使检测终端与数据中心之间的TCP连接,将土壤温湿度检测数据远程传输至数据中心,并以数据库方式存储管理.应用结果表明:该系统结构简单、运行成本低廉、网络规模易于扩展,能够有效克服一般监测方式不宜在陕南丘陵山区中使用的缺陷,可为陕南茶叶种植研究提供重要的和可溯源的土壤信息资料.     

基于ZigBee和ARM9的农田墒情远程监测系统

针对农田信息采集的需要,设计了一套基于ZigBee网络与GPRS网络相结合的远程监测系统。农田信息数据的采集利用CC2430无线射频芯片完成,可采集土壤温度、作物叶片温度、土壤含水量和光照强度。系统控制终端基于ARM9和嵌入式Linux操作系统进行设计,用于农田信息的接收、实时显示和存储,通过GPRS方式实现与远程管理...     

基于GPRS网络水位无线监控报警系统的设计

我国在水利、电力的监测中还没有普及应用自动化数据采集和传输设备,大部分地区仍通过人工方式进行数据采集和分析,存在数据测量准确度低、监测实时性不强等问题,为此设计一种基于GPRS网络的水位无线监控报警系统。该系统通过传感器采集水位信息,然后经终端数据中转站利用GPRS无线网络传输传送数据,实现后台集中式供水监控、失效报警以及水源井、蓄水池安全报警功能。     

基于物联网和LabVIEW的温室大棚监测系统设计

为保证温室大棚里植物的正常生长,要对温室里的温度、湿度进行监测。设计一种采用ZigBee和GPRS技术基于物联网和LabVIEW的温室大棚监测系统。该系统选用集数据收发和数据处理于一体的低功耗芯片CC2530,可以有效降低监测网络的成本、延长使用寿命。无线传感网络采集的状态信息数据经GPRS网络传输到监控平台,利用LabVIEW图形化编程软件实现数据的动态显示和分析。实验表明,该系统各项技术性能指标达到设计要求,可实现智能监测。     

农田虫害远程自动监测系统设计

针对我国农田虫害频发、损失严重的特点以及信息网络技术在农村的发展现状,提出了用于农田虫害识别与虫情预报的自动监测系统。该系统采用ST公司的STM32F103微处理器和ZOGLAB公司的G3100 GPRS Mo-dem,由各种传感器采集虫害图像、现场温度、湿度、照度等数据,经GPRS网络发送至数据中心进行图像识别、虫害分析与预报。该设计方法对其他行业的数据采集与监控系统建设也有着积极的借鉴意义。     

基于Cortex-M3的农作物生长参数监测系统设计

为了快速、全面地获取农作物生长过程中的参数变化(土壤墒情、雨量、地下水位),满足农业生产对信息的需求,提高粮食产量,设计开发了基于Cortex-M3的农作物生长参数监测系统。系统用多种智能传感器组成传感器网络,能够实时采集雨量、土壤含水率和地下水位数据,经软件解析、处理后,通过GPRS网络实现数据的无线传输。系统供电采用太阳能电池板和铅酸蓄电池两种方式,提高了设备野外工作的稳定性。硬件设计采用Cortex-m3内核的stm32f103作为MCU,相比于ARM系列,功耗降低了1/4,速度快了1/3。软件设计开发了数据采集、无线通信和在线访问等程序,通过浏览器,即使在远离监测点的异地,也能够实时查看设备状态和访问历史数据。经实践验证,系统能实现数据的稳定传输,适合农作物生长参数的实时监测。     

基于ZigBee和3G的多污水处理厂监控系统设计

为了实现快速准确地采集多污水泵站和处理厂信息,提出了基于ZigBee和3G技术的远程多污水处理厂协同监控系统.该系统主要由污水处理厂信息监测网络节点、嵌入式ARM＋DSP开发模块3、G/GPRS传输网络与Internet网络、远程服务器控制中心端组成.在污水处理厂现场,使用传感器节点采集各种所需信息,通过ZigBee无线传感网将各种信息上传到上位机,然后上位机通过网关节点集成移动通讯网络,利用3G/GPRS网络实现与Internet的信息交互,完成多泵站和污水处理厂数据的自动采集、无线传输以及Web方式下的参数远程设置和信息实时监测.采用该系统后,污水处理厂的污水处理量最少增加了5.2%,千吨水电耗最少下降了5.4%,剩余污泥量也均比采用前有明显的下降.     

基于ZigBee和GPRS/GSM DUT的果园信息远程化决策系统设计

针对目前果园信息采集耗时、耗力,果园远程决策系统功能不完善等问题,设计了一套基于Zig Bee技术和GPRS/GSM DTU数传单元的果园信息决策系统。该系统的采集节点以CC2530芯片为主要采集信息控制器,以Texas Instruments公司设计的Z-Stack为软件基础,以网状型网络的形式进行数据的采集和传输。通过GPRS/GSM DTU把Zig Bee网络采集的信息无线透传到上位机,实现信息远程采集监测。     

基于无线网络的远程墒情监测系统设计与实现

为构建信息化的墒情监测网络,设计了一种基于串口无线模块、GPRS和短信3种通信模式的远程墒情监测系统,该系统采用图形化的方式实现对多种数据传输方式的墒情自动监测站的数据监测。为了满足多种墒情监测环境下系统的可靠性,采用Modbus RTU方式实时读取监测数据,采用短信方式和网络通信方式定时读取监测数据。通过对土壤墒情和...     

基于ZIGBEE技术的温室环境远程监测系统

对ZIGBEE网络搭配GPRS网络架构的温室环境信息远程监测系统进行了设计,着重讨论了适合温室现场特点以及应用具体要求的ZIGBEE网络拓扑结构、架设方式以及节点设计,实现了温室环境信息数据的远程集中监测.     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。