关于建立恐龙湖竹林生态公园的探讨

在对恐龙湖进行调查研究的基础上,着重论述了建设恐龙湖竹林生态公园的目的及意义、景观评价及设计、功能定位及区划、项目建设目标及规模、项目评价及建议。     

林草间作系统研究概况

林草间作经营在挖掘生物资源潜力、缓解农林争地、保护及修复生态系统、推进林农增产增收、石漠化及荒漠化综合治理等方面具有巨大优势。为达到土地及自然资源的最大化利用,节约林农生产经营成本,推进农、林、牧、副业的高效、和谐、健康发展,实现森林及草地生态系统生态、经济、社会效益的有机统一。文中阐述了在中国、亚洲、澳大利亚及新西兰、非洲、美洲、欧洲等地区林草间作的研究背景、内容、类型及特征,分析了林草间作对土壤性状、养分、含水量及固土保肥的作用,总结归纳林草间作对经济、生物多样性、微气候、林木及其产品的效益分析,提出林草间作未来深入研究探索的技术手段及方向,可为林草间作的应用推广及系统性、整体性和定量研究提供参考。     

沙棘果油及沙棘籽油对大鼠皮肤烫伤、烧伤的影响

为观察沙棘果油及沙棘籽油局部外用对大鼠皮肤烫伤及烧伤的影响,将SD大鼠随机分为6组即阴性对照组,沙棘果油高、低剂量组,沙棘籽油高、低剂量组及阳性对照组(Solcoseryl-Jelly组).用80℃热水造成大鼠背部皮肤II度烫伤模型及用乙醇燃烧造成大鼠背部皮肤II度烧伤模型.观察烫伤及烧伤的局部症状及创面愈合时间,测定皮肤烧伤组织中DNA 、RNA、羟脯氨酸及胶原含量.实验结果表明,与阴性对照组比较,沙棘果油组及沙棘籽油组烫伤及烧伤的局部红、肿症状均明显减轻,创面分泌物较少;烫伤及烧伤的创面愈合时间均明显缩短,沙棘果油与沙棘籽油的作用无明显差异;皮肤烧伤组织中DNA 、RNA、羟脯氨酸及胶原含量均无明显变化.实验结果提示,沙棘果油及沙棘籽油均能减轻大鼠皮肤烫伤及烧伤的局部症状,并能促进其创面愈合,而沙棘果油与沙棘籽油的作用没有明显差异,对大鼠皮肤烧伤组织中的DNA 、RNA、羟脯氨酸及胶原的含量均无明显影响.     

长白山区林下参种植技术

林下参是在森林内种植、经较长年限自然生长后收获的人参。本文从人参生长习性、林下参制种及催芽、林地选择及播种时间、浸种消毒及拌种灭菌、开穴播种及覆土振压、播种后管理等方面介绍了林下参种植技术。     

云南松无性繁殖技术研究进展

林木无性繁殖主要有扦插、嫁接、组织培养、带根压条、埋条、根繁以及分株等方法。根据近年的种植试验、实践及相关材料,综合分析云南松无性繁殖技术,目前云南松无性繁殖的实践研究主要集中于扦插繁殖和嫁接繁殖。文章从扦插繁殖的穗条及基质选取、协调温湿度及光照的关系、扦插方法及插后管理以及嫁接繁殖的砧木和接穗的选取、嫁接方法及时间等方面对云南松无性繁殖技术研究进行综述。     

杉木第2代种子园不同地形土壤及植株养分比较

以杉木第2代种子园为研究对象,分析不同地形对种子园土壤及植株养分含量的影响.结果表明,随着坡位上升,杉木第2代种子园土壤及植株养分含量均呈逐渐下降趋势;同一坡位、同一土层深度,不同坡向杉木第2代种子园土壤及植株有效养分含量差异较大,总体而言,西坡有利于土壤有机质、有效磷及植株全氮、全镁及全铜的积累,东坡则有利于土壤速效钾及植株全钾、全钙及全锌的积累.     

涩柿果品加工中复涩机理研究

讨论了涩柿复涩机理及复涩时单宁细胞的变化,及影响复涩的因素:脱涩方法、原料的预处理、金属离子、pH值、加热温度及时间、高分子食品添加剂、还原剂、果实硬度。     

核桃楸嫩枝扦插繁育技术

核桃楸是我国东北地区的珍贵用材树种.本文从插穗选择及处理、圃地选择及处理、扦插及苗床管理、苗期抚育管理及病虫害防治等方面介绍了核桃楸嫩枝扦插繁育技术.     

金莲花植物成分及其药剂的研究进展

综述了金莲花的植物学及植物化学、成分分析、药理作用、临床应用及制剂等方面的研究状况，并对目前研究存在的问题及以后的发展前景进行了讨论。     

美国木桥近期研究综述

为进一步开发木材在工程材料中的应用，本文从木桥的系统进展及规划设计、木材设计特性、木材防腐、用于运输系统中的木结构、木桥检测及修复、木桥设计规范及计算机辅助设计６个领域综述了美国木桥近期研究状况及进展     

马尾松雄球花生长发育特性及花粉采收特点

马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)在我国松属(Pinus)树种中分布最为广泛,其适应性强、生长快,是一种多功能、多用途、高效益的树种.除生产木材、采割松脂、培养茯苓等外,还可生产大宗的松花粉.     

试论伊春林区开发红松花粉的可行性

文章根据国内松花粉开发发展状况及伊春林区发展红松的优势和条件,论述伊春区开发红松花粉的可行性,并对预期可达到的经济效益进行了分析。     

云南松花粉中黄酮类成分研究初报

用现代波谱技术与化学分析联用的方法，对云南松花粉的黄酮类成分进行了分析，并与具有黄酮母体结构的芦丁、槲皮素和黄芩甙标准对照品进行对比分析，经薄层色谱及显色反应，鉴定出云南松花粉的黄酮类化合物成分，主要为黄酮和黄酮醇类，其次是二氢黄酮醇类，另外还有少量黄烷醇类的花青素。     

云南松花粉中总黄酮含量的测定

以黄芩甙为标样,对云南松花粉中黄酮类化合物采用甲醇回流提取,用紫外分光光度法进行测定.结果表明破壁云南松花粉中总黄酮含量达到510mg/100g.     

In situ forcing of pollen maturation in Jack pine and Japanese larch male cones

Paper bags equipped with a polyethylene window were placed on branchlets 6 and 9 weeks before the time of pollen dispersal of Japanese larch and Jack pine, respectively. This technique produced a localized greenhouse effect around the branchlets, accelerating male cone development. For Jack pine trees, buds in bags with the window oriented upward had the shortest maturation time. In fact, it was possible to collect these pollen cones about 11 days before the unbagged control without decreasing the production of pollen. The mean germination rate of the pollen from the bags with the window pointed upward, however, was significantly lower than the control, by about 15%. Buds in bags with the window oriented downward had an accelerated development of about 9 days (compared to the control) but did not experience a decrease in pollen production or quality. This same technique caused the abortion of male cones of the Japanese larch trees. Thermal probes in the bags enabled us to follow the progression of temperature inside and outside the bags during the development of the male cone in each species. They revealed that the bags increased mean temperature, daily temperature range, and degree-day accumulation, and that this effect was most pronounced for Jack pine, when the polyethylene window was oriented upward.     

Flowering and Airborne Pollen Occurrence in a Pinus sylvestris Seed Orchard Consisting of Northern Clones

To explain the high background pollination rate detected in earlier studies, this study investigated the flowering phenology of a Scots pine seed orchard with respect to airborne pollen occurrence during 1992 and 1993. The receptive period of the female strobili and the shedding period of the male strobili were observed visually. Airborne pollen was monitored with Rotorod traps located inside and outside the seed orchard. There was no time gap in the onset of flowering between the earliest female and male strobili in 1992. Female flowering began 3 days earlier than male flowering in 1993, and the earliest strobili were probably pollinated by pollen transported long distance from more southerly areas. The almost simultaneous peak in pollen occurrence inside the seed orchard and in surrounding pine stands indicates that the seed orchard clones are not temporally isolated from sources of contamination. However, pollen concentrations inside the seed orchard were higher than those in the surrounding stands. Therefore, flowering phenology cannot sufficiently explain the observed pollen contamination rates in this seed orchard.     

Congruence between theory and practice: reduced contamination rate following phenotypic pre-selection within the Breeding without Breeding framework

Wind-pollinated seed orchards are often subjected to pollen intrusion from outside pollen sources. When wind-pollinated seed orchards seed are used to establish progeny trials, the offspring is expected to harbour varying proportion sired by outside sources. Theoretically the magnitude of selection differential between the orchard's population and the contaminant pollen sources will affect the proportion of offspring resulting from outside pollen sources matings. If phenotypic pre-selection is implemented through selecting the top phenotypically ranked individuals from these progeny trials, then it is expected that the proportion of individuals sired by outside pollen sources will be lower within the pre-selected vs. unselected individuals. Here, we present empirical data from two Scots pine progeny trials supporting these theoretical expectations. The observed reduced contamination rate among fingerprinted elite offspring was 3.9 and 4.2%, suggesting a significant reduction in comparison to reported contamination rates between 21 and 70% in Scots pine. Results provide support to the proposed phenotypic pre-selection during the implementation of Breeding without Breeding scheme.     

How meso-scale pollen dispersal and its gene flow shape gene conservation decisions

Pine pollen dispersal has been well-studied over a century due to its ubiquity, robust shape and unusual longevity; this knowledge can be brought to bear on forest population genetics applications and gene conservation programs for pines and other high-latitude wind-pollinated species. Dispersal models are shifting towards meso-scale transport processes so I assert here that this shift in transport scale is important to population genetics assumptions inherent to gene conservation decision-making. Support comes from the following: (1) aerodynamic properties for pollen is more akin to spores than seeds. (2) Gradient-free dispersal is typical of pollen transported at meso-scale distances. (3) Importance of vertically uplifted pollen on meso-scale transport has been overlooked and its interaction with atmospheric processes is not yet understood. (4) A fraction of pine pollen retains its capacity for germination and seed fertilization after meso-scale transport. These findings raise the question of whether forest fragmentation aligns with genetics theory of small populations; this question shapes ex situ and in situ collections. The shift to meso-scale transport of pine pollen can re-shape forest gene conservation decision-making about ex situ and in situ collection strategies.     

云南松花粉精粉及其加工产品的成分分析及评价

对以云南松破壁松花粉为原料 ,采用具创新性生物技术研制的云南松花粉脂提物精粉、活性酶精粉、黄酮精粉、营养及活性物质精粉 ,以及用此 4种精粉经加工而获得的亚油酸软胶囊、口服 0 #胶囊、黄酮药片 (胶囊 )、精粉口服液和松花粉酮酒 5种产品的成分进行了分析 ,了解到它们相关成分的含量。分析结果表明 ,4种云南松花粉精粉具有速溶性好、营养及生物活性物质集中的特点 ,其主要营养及生物活性物质含量数倍于破壁松花粉。以其为原料加工的各项产品很好地保留了精粉的主要功能成分 ,因而对人体具有更高的保健、医疗功效。     

马尾松花粉萌发性状和不同林分马尾松花粉生活力的初步研究

通过对马尾松花粉萌发性状的观测及不同林分花粉生活力的测试,结果表明:花粉在培养液里萌发时首先是花粉萌发沟呈透明状,然后萌发沟两端突起,继而其中一端伸长成为花粉管。成熟花粉采后立即测定,染色率达90.6%、萌发率达77.2%;在低温(约6℃)贮藏120 d后测定,染色率与萌发率分别为85.2%与89.9%。不同林分中以全同胞无性系幼林的染色率与萌发率最高,分别为95.6%与93.8%;其次是半同胞无性系幼林,分别为91.2%与79%。说明马尾松无性系幼林的花粉是高生活力的花粉。