Artificial Neural Networks Models for Flow Stress during High Temperature Plastic Deformation of Al-Li Alloy

Using gained experimental data to develop the models of stable flow stresses at high temperature plastic deformation by statistical methods for alloy materials, precision of the models is poor and at the same time the processes of modeling are complicated with great workload. On the basis of the data obtained on Gleeble-1500 Thermal Simulator,the predicting models for the relation between stable flow stress during high temperature plastic deformation and deformation strain, strain rate and temperature for 1420 Al-Li alloy have been developed with BP Artificial Neural Network method. The results show that the model on basis of BPNN is practical and it reflects the real feature of the deforming process. It states that the difference between the real value and the output of the model is in order of 5 percent.     

Numerical Method for Load Bearing Capacity of High Strength Steel Columns at Elevated Temperature

In order to make fire resistance design of high strength steel columns in building structures, the numerical calculation method on load bearing capacity of high strength steel columns at elevated temperature was investigated. By taking the mechanical property of high strength steel at elevated temperature into consideration, extension was made on the inverse calculation segment length method and the program to compute the load bearing capacity of high strength steel columns at elevated temperature was performed. The program was adopted to compute the load bearing capacity. The results obtained by the program and the finite element analysis were compared and good agreement had been found. The influence of magnitude, distribution mode of residual stress and initial geometry imperfection on ultimate load bearing capacity was analyzed by employing the program. It is shown that the extended method can be is shown used to calculate the load bearing capacity of high strength steel columns at elevated temperature; the magnitude and distribution mode of residual stress had little influence but the geometry imperfection have significant influence on ultimate load bearing capacity.     

不同生育阶段气象因子对玉米产量及构成要素的影响分析

为揭示气象因子对玉米产量构成要素的影响机理,以‘吉单27’为试验材料,于2012、2013年在佳木斯市农业气象试验站进行分期播种试验,通过调整播期改变玉米生育期内的气象条件,分析产量及产量构成要素与气象因子的关系,为抵御阶段性不良气象因子的胁迫并实现玉米高产提供理论依据。结果表明：产量构成要素与不同生育阶段的多个气象因子显著相关。拔节至大喇叭口期日均降水量为玉米产量的限制因子,通过影响秃尖比、穗粒数和株粒数重影响产量;吐丝至乳熟期温度为限制因子,该生育期随着日平均气温、日均最高温度、日均最低温度的升高,秃尖比减小,穗粒数、株粒数重均增加;大喇叭口至抽雄期,日照时数与秃尖比呈显著负相关,此期随着日照时数的增加秃尖比减小;乳熟到成熟期,日均相对湿度影响穗粒数、株粒数重的提升。‘吉单27’在佳木斯的最佳播种时间为5月上中旬,6月下旬至7月上旬的日均降水量,7月下旬至8月上旬的日平均气温、日均最高温度、日均最低温度成为玉米产量提升的限制因子,在试验设定的密度条件及栽培管理水平下,产量提升主要受穗粒数的制约。     

THE SPLINE BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD FOR CALCULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD PROBLEMS

The spline boundary element method is presented for electromagnetic field problems. Based on B-spline function interpolation, the formulation of calculation of two dimensional statical electromagnetic field problems is obtained. Boundary corner and singular integration problems are efficiently handled. Furthermore,the Method is used for solving two calculation examples.     

THE STUDY ON CHARACTERISTICS OF ELASTIC WAVE PROPAGATION IN ROCKS UNDER COMPLICATED STRESS STATES

This paper is aimed at investigating the acoustic properties of rock mass under the three-dimentional different stress states, and is presented to discuss emphatically the characteristics of the acoustic wave propagation and the stress-velocity relation in both rocks (sandstone and limestone) under uniaxial and true triaxial compression. The results indicate three regions in which the acoustic velocities and the strains change with the stresses are approximately similar under different stress states; and the acoustic velocity-stress relations for elastic rocks may be represented by different interdependence coefficients under uniaxial compression. At a time, The acoustic measurement method of rock mass stresses and the horizontal tectonic stress are discussed.     

孕穗抽穗期低温对水稻植株、产量性状及脯氨酸含量的影响

低温是东北稻区常见的气象灾害。此试验以北方主栽粳稻品种辽星1号和辽优5218为试材,采用盆栽试验,人工控温在孕穗期、抽穗开花期进行低温胁迫,处理后立即测定叶片脯氨酸含量,成熟后调查植株和产量性状的变化,探讨生殖生长关键期低温伤害机理及叶片脯氨酸含量的变化在低温逆境中的作用。结果表明：植株性状中,株高在抽穗开花期对低温更敏感;穗抽出度则在孕穗期更敏感,穗抽出度与单株实粒数及结实率呈显著或极显著正相关,可作为抗性鉴定指标应用。产量性状中,穗粒数、单株实粒数、千粒重指标在孕穗期对低温更敏感。低温胁迫下,叶片脯氨酸含量随温度的降低、处理时间的延长而迅速上升,辽星1号最大增加2.65倍,辽优5218增加7.66倍。孕穗期低温,辽优5218叶片脯氨酸含量与穗抽出度、单株实粒数及单株结实率呈显著负相关;抽穗开花期低温,两品种叶片脯氨酸含量与株高、单株实粒数及单株结实率均呈显著负相关,辽星1号脯氨酸含量还与单株秕粒数呈极显著正相关。脯氨酸含量的变化是低温伤害程度的直观反映,把它单独作为抗性评价指标会有失真的可能。     

一株产胶霉菌素菌株的ARTP诱变及筛选

试验旨在选育出胶霉菌素高产菌株,以胶霉菌素产生菌TY-009为初始菌株,利用常压室温等离子体(ARTP)诱变技术对产胶霉菌素的绿色木霉菌株进行诱变处理,并设置时间梯度,检测不同处理时间样品的胶霉菌素产量。通过平板筛选以及摇瓶复筛选出8株正突变菌株,其中产率最高达到0.86 mg/m L,较初始菌株的产率提高了45.76%。ARTP诱变方法快速、高效,对绿色木霉菌株的诱变效果良好,在提高胶霉菌素产量方面有很好的应用前景。     

Mechanical Properties of Marble at High Temperature

为进一步优化超声波提取胡萝卜中β-胡萝卜紊的工艺条件,在超声功率、超声时间、提取温度、物料粒度、料液比及提取次数6个单因素试验结果的基础上,采用二水平部分因子析因设计（2—level fractional factorial design）法,筛选出了影响β-胡萝卜素提取的主要因素为提取时间（p=0．0145）、温度（p=0．0189）、料液比（p=0．0180）和提取次数（p=0．0114）。     

卧式青核桃脱皮机链板输送机构的设计与有限元分析

为了分析卧式青核桃脱皮机中刀片及刀片安装板等核心关键部件的结构强度和力学性能,通过设计和计算确定了刀片及刀片安装板的结构参数,采用UG三维模型软件,创建了刀片及刀片安装板的分析模型,并通过ANSYS有限元分析软件对刀片及刀片安装板进行了静力学分析和模态分析。结果表明：刀片及刀片安装板既可以实现对青核桃的输送功能,又可以实现刀片对青皮的切割作用;刀刃边缘位置的变形最大,最大值为0.509 mm;刀片折弯位置的应力和应变值最大,最大值出现在0°刀片的折弯位置,最大值为114.7 MPa;在工作过程中最大等效应力远小于材料的屈服强度,刀片及刀片安装板的模态分析前三阶固有频率分别为466.99、1 206.8、2 199.7 Hz,而机构的工作频率远小于所分析零部件的固有频率,刀片及刀片安装板的结构能够满足强度和刚度要求,且工作过程中不会出现共振问题,这为研制卧式青核桃脱皮机链板输送机构提供了理论依据。     

Temperature Filed Ansys Simulation in QuenchingProcess of 45 Teel Part

Nonlinear thermophysics parameters are considered in ansys finite element software, so it can be used to compute temperature in the quenching. The temperature field in quenching process of 45 steel part is simulated by ansys finite element software, and the relationship between temperature of part and quenching time is obtained. Simulation result is correspondent with real process, this method has quick computing speed, and it can optimize quenching technology and select quenching bath. The most of all,this method can supply the temperature condition in computation of thermal stress and residual stress of quenching process.     

黄瓜序列特征性扩增区域标记(SCAR)的开发

黄瓜的分子标记连锁图谱研究已经到了比较和整合的阶段,然而可用于黄瓜作图的锚定标记却并不多.本研究利用华北类型和欧洲温室型黄瓜自交系S94和S06作为PCR模板,通过将二者差异的RAPD和SRAP条带克隆、测序并根据测序结果设计特异引物,成功获得了118个SCAR标记.经4个典型黄瓜种质材料PCR验证,引物多态性比例高达10%以上.本研究获得的SCAR可望用于黄瓜遗传图谱的构建和整合.     

全国粮食总产海温预测预报模式研究

本文使用太平洋286点海水温度资料,对我国粮食总产及其地理分布进行多时效的动态监测.为了能一次预报出整个的产量场,首先对初始场作自然正交展开,提取前P个主成分进行海温网格点的复相关计算,用以筛选因子组建预报方程.预报模式采用时效可任意指定的动态链接式,它可以通过海温这个“窗口”,实现对全国粮食总产前景的连续监测.     

Effect of built-in temperature difference on curling and stresses in cement concrete slabs

The temperature distributions were measured in hardening concrete slabs, determining final set time of concrete; the calculation methods of built-in temperature difference and the effective temperature difference were provided to determine the corresponding values of the slabs constructed during spring and fall, respectively. Finally, the influence of built-in temperature difference on slab curling and stress were evaluated based on finite element analysis. The results show that negative built-in temperature differences were found in both spring and fall construction which will lead to loss of slab support in the mid-slab position during the most time of a day, and larger tensile stress generates at the slab bottom. However, small size slab will minimize this negative effect from built-in temperature difference and at the same time reduce fatigue damage.     

Analysis of Heat Transfer during the Response Time of Temperature Sensor Fire Detector

This paper analyzes the heat transfer principle of temperature sensor fire detector, establishes mathematical model of heat transfer with considering the effect of radiation heat transfer and presents a new calculation method for the response time. The results of calculation show that when the environment temperature is rather low and the response temperature is set higher, the effect of radiation heat transfer on response time shouldn't be neglected. This paper may be helpful in appraising fire safety and designing alarm system.     

大豆高产育种研究进展

大豆的产量一直是育种家最关心的育种目标之一,近年来,世界大豆产量显著提高,超高产大豆品种不断涌现,高产纪录一再刷新。概述了国外大豆产量潜力与高产记录以及国内大豆高产记录与高产育种研究情况,分析了大豆高产育种的途径与策略,指出分子育种与转基因技术的结合将是大豆高产育种的主要方向。     

低温胁迫对小麦、玉米、萝卜幼苗超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响

摘 要：[目的]研究低温胁迫对小麦、玉米、萝卜幼苗SOD活性的影响及三种植物受影响程度的差异。[方法]以萝卜,玉米,小麦幼苗为实验材料,采用模拟冷害的实验方法,通过氮蓝四唑自氧化法测定SOD活性,从胁迫温度变化和胁迫时间变化两个角度研究低温胁迫对小麦、玉米、萝卜幼苗SOD活性的影响。[结果]随着胁迫温度的降低,小麦、玉米、萝卜幼苗的SOD活性都呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且0℃胁迫组酶活性低于常温组;随着胁迫时间的变化,小麦、玉米、萝卜幼苗的SOD活性走势不同,但0℃胁迫时,酶活性变化不大,且低于常温组酶活。[结论]适当的低温处理可以增强SOD活性,超过植物耐受范围后,酶活性遭到抑制而降低。     

Numerical Analysis for Torsion of Prismatic Bars with Sectorial Cross-section

In mechanical design and application, in order to calculate torsion angle and shear stresses of prismatic bars with seetorial cross-section undergoing extemal couples, the numerical method is presented. The torsion equation is nonhomogeneous partial differential equation. First, using the method of separation of variables, torsion stress function is acquired in polar coordinate. Then, the method of boundary collocation is improved to calculate the undetermined parameters. Finally,approximate numerical solutions of stress function and shear stresses in cross-section are obtained. It is given the several calculation results of shear stresses of prismatic bars with different vertex angles. These results show that the method has some precision and application feasibility in engineering design. The method of separation of variables is combinied with the method of boundary collocation simplified calculation process.     

Garlerkin Boundary Element Method with Hyper Singular integral kernel

A Galerkin Boundary Elements was applied to solve the first kind of integral equation with hyper-singularity, which can be deduced from the direct boundary integral formula for the Neumann problem of Laplace equation. The concept of integration by parts in the sense of distributions was used. When boundary rotation is introduced, the two order derivatives of singular kernel are shifted to the boundary rotation of unknown function in the Galerkin variational formulation. While linear boundary elements are used for 2-dimensional problems, the boundary rotation on each element can be discretized into a constant vector, so that the integration can be performed in a simple way and the difficulty of numerical calculation for hyper-singularity is overcome. The results of numerical examples demonstrate that the scheme presented is practical and effective.