提高猪生产学课程教学质量的探索

结合目前健康、生态、集约化养猪形势对专业人才的要求和多年来课程组开展猪生产学教学的经验,文章从优化教学内容、改革教学手段和教学方法等入手,围绕猪生产学理论课与实践课本科教学,探索提高猪生产学课程教学质量的改革措施,旨在专业课程教学中激发学生求知与创新意识,提高实践操作能力和国际交流能力,培养创新和创业型人才。     

课程思政融入《牛生产学》教学过程的探索与实践

《牛生产学》是涉农高校畜牧兽医专业重要实践课程之一。为促进专业课程教学与思想政治教育深度融合,提高学生德育水平,论文对《牛生产学》课程融入课程思政的重要性进行了概括,分析了该课程所蕴含的思政元素,为在课程教学中巧妙融入家国情怀、理想信念、职业素养、生态文明等知识提供参考,为培养适应社会需求的技能型人才提供思想保障。     

《养猪学》生产实习中存在的问题及思考

养猪生产实习是《养猪学》教学中一个重要的实践教学环节,其目的是通过现场教学和实践活动,使学生较全面地了解和熟悉养猪生产中的主要生产技术及管理要点,增强养猪生产的感性认识,为相关专业课程的学习和从事养猪生产及相关工作打下良好的基础。笔者结合多年《养猪学》教学和生产实践经验,分析了目前影响《养猪学》生产实习效果的原因,     

《饲料加工工艺学》课程教学改革探讨

《饲料加工工艺学》是高等农林院校动物科学及相关专业重要的专业课程,论文针对目前在该课程教学中存在的问题,从教学方法等四个方面提出了切合实际的教学改革思路,旨在提高《饲料加工工艺学》的课程教学质量和效果。     

成人高等教育《动物生产学》教学改革

成人高等教育动物科学专业的核心专业课是《动物生产学》。结合成人高等教育特点,在《动物生产学》教学过程中探索了提高教师素质、充实更新教学内容以及采取科学的教学方法和教学手段等方面内容的改革,使教学质量得到很大程度的提高。     

《羊生产学》课程本科教学改革探讨

深化教学改革,提高教育教学质量和办学效益,是动物生产专业教学内容进一步改革和发展面临的紧迫、重要的任务。从调整教学内容,改进教学方法,注重实践教学,加强学生操作技能培养等方面对《羊生产学》教学方式进行了改革探讨,实践表明,教学改革取得了较好的效果。     

《兽医传染病学》教学改革与探索

《兽医传染病学》是兽医学科学生重要的专业必修课之一。对该课程的教学内容、教学方法、教学手段、实践教学和学生考试等方面进行了改革和探索,将现代教学手段与传统教学方法相结合,提出了比较系统的改革方案。实践证明,激发了学生对《兽医传染病学》课程的兴趣,可充分发挥学生的主观能动性,提高了教学质量,同时解决了《兽医传染病学》课程教学"课时减少"与"内容不断增多"的矛盾。     

浅谈强化《家畜外科手术学》教学效果的体会

《家畜外科手术学》课程是本科生兽医专业教学的一个重要环节,是提升学生学习兴趣、强化实践操作能力的重要桥梁。提高《家畜外科手术学》的教学质量,对于学生培养基本技能和掌握手术的基本操作技术,具有非常重要的意义。经过多年教学实践,摸索并总结出"兴趣+理论+实践"的教学方法,取得了良好的教学效果。     

以突出职业能力为导向的《畜禽传染病防治技术》课程教学改革与探索

《畜禽传染病防治技术》是畜牧兽医类专业中一门主要的临床专业课程。在坚持以就业为导向,以能力为本位的教学培养目标,打破传统教学体系,构建具有产、学结合特色的专业课程体系过程中,按照以突出学生职业能力培养为目的,提高人才培养的质量,加强学生创新和实践能力的培养,进行了教学内容、教学方法和考核方法的改革探索。     

《牛生产学》教学实习的探索

对西藏目前《牛生产学》教学实习中存在的主要问题进行了分析和讨论,并提出了相应的对策,同时进行了教学实习实践效果的总结,以切实达到《牛生产学》教学实习的目的,旨在为西藏培养畜牧业所需要的应用型人才奠定基础。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.