乳头灌注脂多糖对奶牛乳腺组织及机体免疫的影响

旨在通过乳头灌注脂多糖(LPS)体外模拟奶牛急性乳腺炎,研究奶牛乳腺组织及机体免疫活化状态。选用4头泌乳后期的荷斯坦奶牛16个乳区为研究对象,采用交叉试验设计,每期试验2 d,试验间隔10 d,试验组乳头管乳头灌注LPS 0. 1 mg,对照组乳头管灌注等量生理盐水。结果:试验组灌注LPS后,奶牛体温值和乳汁中体细胞数随时间变化而逐渐升高,而奶牛血液中白细胞数随时间变化而逐渐降低;乳腺组织的腺泡腔内充斥大量炎性细胞,部分腺泡组织萎缩甚至崩塌;试验组灌注LPS 12 h后奶牛血清中的髓过氧化物(MPO)活性极显著下降(P<0. 01),而乳腺组织中的MPO活性则极显著上升(P<0. 01);奶牛血清及乳清中炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-6(IL-6)的蛋白含量明显上升(P<0. 01);乳腺组织中Toll样受体4 (TLR4)、核因子NF-κB (p65)蛋白的表达量相比对照组极显著上升(P<0. 01)。研究表明,LPS能够诱导奶牛发生乳腺炎,使乳腺组织发生损伤,并激活机体的TLR4/NF-κB信号通路进而促进其下游炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的基因的表达,使机体发生免疫应答。     

LPS对小鼠乳腺组织中NF—KB、ACCa和β-CaseinmRNA表达的影晌

为探讨灌注不同质量浓度LPS对小鼠乳腺组织中NF-xB、ACCa和pCaseinmRNA表达的影响，选择30只雌性ICR小鼠为试验动物，受孕后随机分为试验组和对照组，试验组经第4对乳头灌注不同质量浓度LPS（0．1，5，10，50，100mg／L），对照组灌注生理盐水，于灌注后6h采集乳腺组织样品，组织学方法分析乳腺组织的病理变化；采用RT—PCR方法分析乳腺组织中NF_KB、ACCa和B—CaseinmRNA表达的变化。病理切片结果显示，随着LPS灌注浓度的增加，乳腺小叶间炎性细胞数量逐步增加，乳腺小叶内腺泡结构破坏程度也变大；对乳腺组织中NF-xB、ACCa和pCasein的mRNA表达水平进行分析时，发现灌注LPS小鼠乳腺组织中NF-KBmRNA的表达水平随着LPS灌注浓度的增加而逐步增加，而ACCa和pCaseinmRNA的表达水平则随着LPS灌注浓度的增加而逐步降低。结果表明，灌注LPS能够上调N-KBmRNA的表达，下调ACCa和肛CaseinmRNA的表达。     

LPS对小鼠乳腺组织中NF-κB、ACCα和β-Casein mRNA表达的影响

为探讨灌注不同质量浓度LPS对小鼠乳腺组织中NF-κB、ACCα和β-Casein mRNA表达的影响,选择30只雌性ICR小鼠为试验动物,受孕后随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组经第4对乳头灌注不同质量浓度LPS(0.1,5,10,50,100mg/L),对照组灌注生理盐水,于灌注后6h采集乳腺组织样品,组织学方法分析乳腺组织的病理变化;采用RT-PCR方法分析乳腺组织中NF-κB、ACCα和β-Casein mRNA表达的变化。病理切片结果显示,随着LPS灌注浓度的增加,乳腺小叶间炎性细胞数量逐步增加,乳腺小叶内腺泡结构破坏程度也变大;对乳腺组织中NF-κB、ACCα和β-Casein的mRNA表达水平进行分析时,发现灌注LPS小鼠乳腺组织中NF-κB mRNA的表达水平随着LPS灌注浓度的增加而逐步增加,而ACCα和β-Casein mRNA的表达水平则随着LPS灌注浓度的增加而逐步降低。结果表明,灌注LPS能够上调NF-κB mRNA的表达,下调ACCα和β-Casein mRNA的表达。     

孕酮对LPS诱导小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞表达TNF-α、IL-1β、TLR4、CD14和MD2的影响

先分离培养小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,经差速贴壁法纯化后,随机分为6组：空白对照组、0.5mg/L脂多糖（LPS）组、10-6 mol/L孕酮（P4）组、LPS＋10-5 mol/L P4组、LPS＋10-6 mol/L P4组、LPS＋10-7 mol/L P4组。各组在处理12、24h分别提取上清液,ELISA法测TNF-α和IL-1β的含量;各组在处理24h分别提取细胞总RNA,用RT-PCR法测TLR4、CD14、MD2mRNA的表达。结果显示,处理12、24h,0.5mg/L LPS组TNF-α和IL-1β的含量均极显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）;10-6 mol/L P4组与对照组差异不显著（P〉0.05）;LPS＋10-5 mol/L P4组极显著低于对照组（P〈0.01）;LPS＋10-6 mol/L P4组显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）;而LPS＋10-7 mol/L P4组TNF-α的表达差异不显著（P〉0.05）,IL-1β的表达差异显著（P〈0.05）。说明P4可降低LPS刺激小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞TNF-α和IL-1β的分泌,且呈剂量依赖关系。LPS单独处理,TLR4和CD14mRNA的表达极显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）;10-6 mol/L P4单独处理与对照组无显著差异（P〉0.05）;分别添加1-5、10-6、10-7 mol/L P4组均极显著降低LPS诱导TLR4和CD14mRNA的表达（P〈0.01）,而MD2mRNA的表达差异不显著（P〉0.05）。说明P4可极显著降低LPS刺激小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞TLR4和CD14mRNA表达,但对MD2mRNA表达影响不显著。结果显示,P4能抑制LPS刺激的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞TNF-α和IL-1β的分泌,此过程与细胞TLR4和CD14表达下降相关,而与MD2的表达无关。     

脂多糖对胚胎附植期Toll样受体4及相关免疫因子的影响

试验旨在探讨脂多糖(LPS)对绵羊胚胎附植期Toll样受体4(TLR4)及相关免疫因子表达的影响。以构建好的pcDNA3.1-TLR4过表达载体转染绵羊子宫内膜基质细胞,运用Western blotting技术鉴定细胞转染效果,然后用1μg/L LPS刺激转染后的子宫内膜基质细胞,建立内膜基质细胞炎症模型。将经LPS处理的细胞分别培养12、24、48、72h,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术和Western blotting法检测内膜基质细胞中TLR4mRNA及蛋白表达量,以及免疫因子IL-1β和IL-6的mRNA表达水平,并以未经LPS处理的细胞作为对照。结果显示,与对照组相比,LPS促进了免疫因子IL-1β、IL-6的释放量,但随LPS作用时间的延长,细胞中IL-6的表达量逐渐下降,而IL-1β的表达量逐渐升高,使得Th1/Th2偏向不利于妊娠的Th1方向表达;TLR4mRNA相对表达量在12、24、72h均显著高于对照组(P0.05),48h时极显著高于对照组(P0.01),且LPS处理后的细胞TLR4蛋白表达量也始终高于对照组。综上所述,pcDNA3.1-TLR4过表达载体成功转入绵羊子宫内膜基质细胞;LPS有效激活了子宫内膜细胞中TLR4信号通路,并促进了下游因子的表达;子宫蜕膜组织中TLR4受体蛋白对胚胎附植早期妊娠微环境的平衡维持也起到了重要作用。     

猪圆环病毒2型感染后猪外周血淋巴细胞IL-2、IL-4、IL-10、IL-12p40、IFN-γ和TNF-α mRNA转录的变化

采用竞争定量RTPCR技术（qcRT—PCR）对PCV2感染组和健康对照组外周血淋巴细胞中IL-2、IL-4、IL-10、IL-12p40、IFN-γ和TNF-α mRNA转录水平进行分析。结果表明,在14和21 DPI（Dayspost inoculation）感染组Th1类细胞因子IL-2 mRNA转录水平分别为对照组的5．1（P〈0．01）和24．0（P〈0．01）倍;IL-12p40 mRNA转录水平在14和21 DPI分别为对照组的1．7（P〈0．05）和1．2（P〈0．05）倍;感染组IFN-γ mRNA转录水平除在7 DPI低于对照组外（P〈0．05）,在28和42 DPI均明显高于对照组,分别为对照组的38．2（P〈0．01）和4．0（P〈0．05）倍。Th2类细胞因子波动较为明显,28 DPI IL-4 mRNA转录水平显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）;感染组IL-10 mRNA在7（P〈0．01）和14 DPI（P〈0．05）的转录水平均显著高于对照组,而在35 DPI明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。在整个试验过程中TNF—α mRNA转录水平没有发生明显变化。上述6种细胞因子mRNA变化结果显示,PCV2感染猪Th1细胞的细胞因子表达水平升高,而Th2细胞的细胞因子在28 DPI前后出现明显波动,尤其是在35 DPI IL-10 mRNA显著下降（P〈0．05）,提示PCV2感染可造成猪体内Th1／Th2免疫应答的失衡,导致细胞免疫应答功能增强而体液免疫应答下降。     

脂多糖诱导奶牛乳腺上皮细胞先天性免疫反应

采取荷斯坦奶牛乳腺,进行体外分离培养,并纯化细胞。用不同质量浓度(0、1、10、100mg/L)的脂多糖刺激乳腺上皮细胞,采用MTT法检测脂多糖对细胞增殖的影响,半定量PCR检测10mg/L的LPS对乳腺上皮细胞TLR4、TLR2、CD14、MD-2四个基因在不同时间(0、2、6h)mRNA表达水平的差异。结果表明,高剂量(100mg/L)的LPS对乳腺上皮细胞的增殖产生明显影响;LPS刺激乳腺上皮细胞后,导致TLR4、CD14、MD-2mRNA表达迅速升高,而TLR2mRNA弱表达。说明TLR4、CD14、MD-2参与LPS的识别,同时也说明脂多糖刺激乳腺上皮细胞后,乳腺上皮细胞能够产生先天性免疫反应。     

猪TLR5基因表达水平与F18大肠杆菌侵染关系分析

为了探究猪Toll样受体(Toll-like receptor 5,TLR5)基因表达水平与F18大肠杆菌抗性的关系,试验通过不同血清型产肠毒素大肠杆菌(F18ab和F18ac)侵染猪小肠上皮细胞(IPEC-J2),同时通过脂多糖(LPS)分别诱导IPEC-J2细胞4和8h,利用实时荧光定量PCR检测TLR5基因表达水平变化,并利用Western blotting进行蛋白表达分析。结果显示,不同血清型大肠杆菌(F18ab和F18ac)菌体侵染IPEC-J2细胞后,TLR5基因表达水平均极显著上调(P0.01);LPS诱导IPEC-J2细胞4和8h后,TLR5基因表达水平均极显著上调(P0.01),且在LPS诱导IPEC-J2细胞8h后,TLR5基因表达水平明显高于诱导4h。与对照组相比,细胞中TLR5蛋白的表达水平极显著上调(P0.01),与LPS诱导及F18大肠杆菌菌体刺激IPEC-J2细胞后mRNA表达水平结果相一致。本研究在细胞水平上分析了TLR5表达水平和F18大肠杆菌侵染的相关性,进一步证实猪TLR5基因的表达水平在细胞抵抗F18大肠杆菌的侵染过程中发挥了重要的调控作用,为今后关于TLR5基因功能及其在大肠杆菌腹泻遗传育种应用的研究奠定基础。     

脂多糖对胚胎附植期Toll样受体4及相关免疫因子的影响

试验旨在探讨脂多糖（LPS）对绵羊胚胎附植期Toll样受体4（TLR4）及相关免疫因子表达的影响。以构建好的pcDNA3.1-TLR4过表达载体转染绵羊子宫内膜基质细胞,运用Western blotting技术鉴定细胞转染效果,然后用1 μg/L LPS刺激转染后的子宫内膜基质细胞,建立内膜基质细胞炎症模型。将经LPS处理的细胞分别培养12、24、48、72 h,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术和Western blotting法检测内膜基质细胞中TLR4 mRNA及蛋白表达量,以及免疫因子IL-1β和IL-6的mRNA表达水平,并以未经LPS处理的细胞作为对照。结果显示,与对照组相比,LPS促进了免疫因子IL-1β、IL-6的释放量,但随LPS作用时间的延长,细胞中IL-6的表达量逐渐下降,而IL-1β的表达量逐渐升高,使得Th1/Th2偏向不利于妊娠的Th1方向表达;TLR4 mRNA相对表达量在12、24、72 h均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,48 h时极显著高于对照组（P<0.01）,且LPS处理后的细胞TLR4蛋白表达量也始终高于对照组。综上所述,pcDNA3.1-TLR4过表达载体成功转入绵羊子宫内膜基质细胞;LPS有效激活了子宫内膜细胞中TLR4信号通路,并促进了下游因子的表达;子宫蜕膜组织中TLR4受体蛋白对胚胎附植早期妊娠微环境的平衡维持也起到了重要作用。     

肺炎克雷伯菌大鼠乳腺炎模型的建立与致病力

为探究肺炎克雷伯菌诱导大鼠乳腺炎的分子机制，试验选用妊娠Wistar大鼠经乳头导管在第4对乳腺中接种肺炎克雷伯菌建立乳腺炎模型，分别在感染后6,12,24 h采集外周血和乳腺组织，用于血常规、乳腺组织细菌载量和病理组织学检查。通过荧光定量PCR检测乳腺组织中炎症相关基因IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α和模式识别受体TLR4和NOD2的mRNA表达水平。结果显示，肺炎克雷伯菌感染后乳腺组织出现明显的炎性细胞浸润和组织病理学损伤。与对照组相比，肺炎克雷伯菌感染后外周血白细胞数量极显著下降(P<0.01)。与感染12 h时相比，肺炎克雷伯菌在乳腺中的数量在24 h时极显著增加(P<0.01)。与对照组相比，炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α和模式识别受体TLR4和NOD2的mRNA表达水平显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结果表明，成功建立肺炎克雷伯菌大鼠乳腺炎模型，炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α及模式识别受体TLR4和NOD2在肺炎克雷伯菌诱导的大鼠乳腺炎炎症反应中具有重要作用。     

β-防御素在荷斯坦奶牛正常和炎性乳腺上皮细胞中的差异表达

为探讨荷斯坦奶牛乳腺上皮细胞在正常和炎性2种情况下β-防御素（BNBD5）的表达量是否存在差异,本研究通过添加内毒素（LPS）建立了实验性乳房炎的乳腺上皮细胞模型,并采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测了乳腺上皮细胞中BNBD5mRNA表达水平的变化。结果显示,添加LPS后乳腺上皮细胞中炎性因子IL-6、IL-12和TNF-α的mRNA表达量与空白对照组相比显著增加（P〈0.01）,并且α-酪蛋白mRNA表达量显著降低（P〈0.01）,说明添加LPS诱发上皮细胞产生了一定的炎性反应;并且当添加LPS终质量浓度为300μg/L并培养48h之后BNBD5的表达量最高,与空白对照组存在极显著差异（P〈0.01）;推测BNBD5基因可能参与了由LPS诱发的奶牛乳房炎的防御机制。     

Escherichia coli inoculation of porcine mammary glands affects local mRNA expression of Toll-like receptors and regulatory cytokines

The expression of mRNAs for the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR2 and TLR4, pro- and anti inflammatory cytokines and their receptors was evaluated in mammary gland biopsy material collected from sows intramammarily inoculated with Escherichia coli strain O127 at parturition. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis showed increased mRNA levels for TLR2, the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha TNF-alpha, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the inoculated mammary glands 24h after inoculation. Increased mRNA levels of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 were only observed in the inoculated mammary glands of sows that developed clinical signs of mastitis. In contrast, the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) mRNA was unaltered, as was mRNA expression for the IL-1 receptor type I (IL-1R1). Furthermore, IL-1beta and IL-10 mRNA expression was higher in the inoculated mammary glands of sows that developed clinical signs of mastitis compared with sows that remained clinically healthy. Notably, sows that developed clinical signs of mastitis had significantly lower pre-inoculation levels of IL-1beta mRNA than sows that remained clinically healthy. These findings suggest that development of coliform mastitis is associated with the level of local expression of regulatory cytokines in response to intramammary E. coli inoculation and infection.     

Neutrophil recruitment in endotoxin-induced murine mastitis is strictly dependent on mammary alveolar macrophages

Mastitis, inflammation of the mammary tissue, is a common disease in dairy animals and mammary pathogenic Escherichia coli (MPEC) is a leading cause of the disease. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an important virulence factor of MPEC and inoculation of the mammary glands with bacterial LPS is sufficient to induce an inflammatory response. We previously showed using adoptive transfer of normal macrophages into the mammary gland of TLR4-deficient C3H/HeJ mice that LPS/TLR4 signaling on mammary alveolar macrophages is sufficient to elicit neutrophil recruitment into the alveolar space. Here we show that TLR4-normal C3H/HeN mice, depleted of alveolar macrophages, were completely refractory to LPS intramammary challenge. These results indicate that alveolar macrophages are both sufficient and essential for neutrophil recruitment elicited by LPS/TLR4 signaling in the mammary gland. Using TNFα gene-knockout mice and adoptive transfer of wild-type macrophages, we show here that TNFα produced by mammary alveolar macrophages in response to LPS/TLR4 signaling is an essential mediator eliciting blood neutrophil recruitment into the milk spaces. Furthermore, using the IL8 receptor or IL1 receptor gene-knockout mice we observed abrogated recruitment of neutrophils into the mammary gland and their entrapment on the basal side of the alveolar epithelium in response to intramammary LPS challenge. Adoptive transfer of wild-type neutrophils to IL1 receptor knockout mice, just before LPS challenge, restored normal neutrophil recruitment into the milk spaces. We conclude that neutrophil recruitment to the milk spaces is: (i) mediated through TNFα, which is produced by alveolar macrophages in response to LPS/TLR4 signaling and (ii) is dependent on IL8 and IL1β signaling and regulated by iNOS-derived NO.     

Kinetics of IL-6 and TNF-α changes in a canine model of sepsis induced by endotoxin

Sepsis is a major cause of death in veterinary medicine, although a better prognosis can result from an early diagnosis. To speed the diagnosis, the biomarkers TNF-α and IL-6 can provide valuable information regarding systemic inflammatory response. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in cytokine levels in an experimental model of sepsis using ELISA and real-time PCR. Ten adult Beagles were studied; seven received an IV bolus of high dose lipopolysaccharide solution (1mg/kg) to induce sepsis. The remaining three beagles were the control group. Blood samples were collected before and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after administering LPS. Serum IL-6 level peaked at 3h (1.89 ± 0.10 ng/ml) and serum TNF-α peaked at 1h (1.11 ± 0.01 ng/ml). The expression of IL-6 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) increased 62-fold compared to the control group at 1h; TNF-α mRNA increased by 4.5-fold at 1h. The expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA in PBMCs changed more rapidly than serum IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations. In addition, TNF-α mRNA levels in PBMCs remained elevated longer than serum TNF-α. Our study establishes the basis for future work aimed at a better understanding of the systemic inflammatory response to infection and sepsis in canine patients.     

Expression dynamics of Toll-like receptors mRNA and cytokines in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide

The Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 is critical for the recognition of Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) but in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) it may cooperate with other TLRs and lead to the production of inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, we analyzed TLR1-10 mRNA expression in porcine PBMCs stimulated with LPS over time (1-48 h) by using quantitative real-time PCR and cytokine proteins level by ELISA in culture supernatant. TLR1-10 mRNA was detectable in porcine PBMCs. When compared with the control (non-stimulated), TLR1 mRNA were increased (p<0.05) at 3 h after challenge with 1 μg/ml LPS, whereas TLR1 and TLR2 mRNA were increased (p<0.01) at 6 h after challenge with 10 μg/ml LPS. TLR4 increased (p<0.001) at 3h after challenge with LPS and remained constant. TLR5 and TLR6 mRNA increased (p<0.05) at 9 h and 1 h after of LPS stimulation, respectively. The mRNA of CD14 and MD2 were increased (p<0.001) at 1h after LPS stimulation. Additionally, at most of the time analyzed, the mRNA expression increased with the dose of LPS. The LPS concentration had influence (p<0.05) on all the TLRs expression except TLR10; whereas time had effect (p<0.05) on all TLRs expression except TLR2, 3, 6 and 10. When compared to the control, the cytokines IL1b, IL8 and TNFα proteins were increased (p<0.001) immediately at 1 h after LPS stimulation and remained constant till 48 h. IL12b was increased (p<0.001) 12 h after challenge with 10 μg/ml of LPS. Although IL8 level was the highest, the higher (p<0.05) expression of all these inflammatory cytokines indicate that upon interacting with TLRs, LPS exerted inflammatory response in PBMCs through the production of Th1 type cytokines. The production of cytokines was influenced (p<0.001) by both the dose of LPS and the stimulation time. Hence, the porcine PBMCs are likely able to express all members of TLRs.     

蒲公英提取物对LPS诱导小鼠乳腺炎的减轻效应及其机制分析

旨在研究蒲公英提取物对内毒素（LPS）诱导小鼠乳腺炎的减轻效应及其机制分析。将小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性组和蒲公英提取物高、中、低剂量组。蒲公英提取物高、中、低剂量组分别按10.0、5.0、2.5 g·kg^-1灌胃给药,连续灌胃6 d,2次·d^-1,空白组灌胃等体积生理盐水。末次给药1 h后,于小鼠乳房基部分别灌注50 μL 0.2 mg·mL^-1 LPS,建立LPS诱导的小鼠乳腺炎模型,阳性组在建模后6和12 h腹腔注射5 mg·kg^-1地塞米松。24 h后取血,分离血清,剥离乳腺组织。ELISA法测定小鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的含量,髓过氧化物酶（MPO）试剂盒测定小鼠血清MPO的含量,HE染色观察病理变化,Western blot法测定小鼠乳腺中TLR4蛋白以及NF-κB信号通路和MAPKs信号通路相关蛋白的表达。结果显示,蒲公英提取物高、中剂量组对LPS诱导的乳腺炎小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的分泌有极显著抑制作用（P<0.01）,极显著降低小鼠血清中MPO的含量（P<0.01）;蒲公英提取物高、中剂量组能改善LPS诱导的小鼠乳腺组织的病理变化,极显著下调LPS诱导的小鼠乳腺中TLR4、p-IκB、p-p65、p-p38、p-JNK、p-ERK蛋白的表达（P<0.01）。结果表明,蒲公英提取物通过调控NF-κB和MAPKs信号通路对LPS诱导的小鼠乳腺炎有明显减轻作用,为蒲公英的临床开发及应用奠定了基础。     

亚麻籽油对脂多糖刺激仔猪肝脏Toll样受体4和核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域信号通路关键基因表达的影响

本试验旨在研究亚麻籽油对脂多糖(LPS)刺激仔猪肝脏Toll样受体4(TLR4)和核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域(NOD)信号通路关键基因表达的影响。选取24头断奶仔猪,按体重相近原则随机分为4个组,分别为对照组、LPS组、2.5%亚麻籽油组(2.5%亚麻籽油+LPS)、5.0%亚麻籽油组(5.0%亚麻籽油+LPS),每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪,试验期21 d。试验组注射100μg/kg体重的LPS,对照组注射等量的生理盐水。注射LPS或生理盐水4 h后屠宰仔猪,取肝脏,测定TLR4和NOD信号通路关键基因及相关炎性介质的mRNA表达水平。结果表明:1)LPS刺激显著提高了肝脏肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、环氧酶2(COX2)、热休克蛋白70(HSP70)的mRNA相对表达量(P0.05),2.5%亚麻籽油可显著降低COX2、TNF-α的mRNA相对表达量(P0.05),5.0%亚麻籽油可显著降低TNF-α的mRNA相对表达量(P0.05)。2)LPS刺激显著提高了肝脏TLR4、髓样分化因子88(My D88)、白细胞介素-1受体相关激酶1(IRAK1)、NOD1、NOD2、受体互作蛋白2(RIPK2)、核因子-κB(NF-κB)的mRNA相对表达量(P0.05);2.5%亚麻籽油可显著降低NOD1、NOD2的mRNA相对表达量(P0.05),有降低RIPK2 mRNA相对表达量的趋势(0.05≤P0.10);5.0%亚麻籽油可显著降低NOD2的mRNA相对表达量(P0.05)。这表明LPS刺激导致仔猪发生炎症反应,亚麻籽油可能通过抑制NOD信号通路进而缓解肝脏炎症反应。