仔猪水肿病病原菌的分离及生物学特性的鉴定

2005年9月，保定市某养猪场95头断乳3～10天、体况健壮的仔猪开始陆续发病．主要表现发病急、死亡快，有的晚上还见吃料，第2天清晨就死在栏里；病程稍缓者呈现眼睑、结膜、耳部、颈部水肿。畜主用青霉素、庆大霉素、地塞米松等治疗，收效甚微，到我化验室就诊时（已断奶15天）已累计发病25头，死亡17头。     

仔猪鲍曼不动杆菌的分离鉴定及生物学特性研究

为鉴定陕西某规模化场猪场发酵床养殖圈舍仔猪发生严重腹泻症的病原,本研究对病死仔猪肝、脾等脏器进行细菌分离,对疑似致病菌进行生化试验鉴定和16S rDNA测序,并进行小鼠接种试验验证细菌毒力和药敏实验检测敏感药物.结果显示分离菌为鲍曼不动杆菌(Ab),对小鼠具有较强的致病性,对卡那霉素等少数抗生素敏感,对其它多种抗生素具有耐药性.本研究结果表明Ab对仔猪具有较大威胁,特别是对发酵床养殖模式下的仔猪具有更大威胁.     

屎肠球菌的生物学特性及其对仔猪免疫功能的影响

屎肠球菌是动物肠道正常菌群中的菌类,对维持动物肠道菌群生态平衡起到重要作用。文章综述了屎肠球菌的生物学特性及其对仔猪免疫功能的影响。     

胚胎干细胞的生物学特性与研究进展

胚胎干细胞（ES细胞）的研究是当前生物技术领域研究的热点之一,本文就胚胎干细胞的研究概况、生物学特性等方面作一综述。     

胚胎干细胞的生物学特性及其应用研究

胚胎干细胞 (ES细胞 )是一类具有多向分化潜能的 ,在适合的条件下能在体外抑制分化培养 ,并能复制增殖的细胞。综述了胚胎干细胞的主要生物学特性及其在基因诱捕、转基因动物、疾病治疗等研究中的新进展和应用前景     

大豆抗原蛋白的生物学特性及其对仔猪的过敏反应

<正>大豆含有丰富的蛋白质和平衡的氨基酸,是人和畜禽优质的植物性蛋白源(Hancock等,2000;Fried-man和Brandon,2001)。但大豆中含有的多种抗营养因子因干扰营养物质的消化吸收、破坏正常的新陈代谢和引起不良的生理反应而危害着畜禽(尤其是幼龄     

云南半细毛羊毛囊干细胞生物学特性分析

为研究云南半细毛羊毛囊干细胞（hair follicle stem cells,HFSCs）的生物学特性,采用组织块法分离培养云南半细毛羊HFSCs,并对其细胞形态、生长动力学、冷冻与复苏、染色体核型等生物学特性进行分析.结果表明：HFSCs为贴壁生长,体积小,核质比高,呈典型的铺路石状,在显微镜下折光性强、胞体透亮.细胞生长曲线为“S”型.冻存前细胞活率98.2％,复苏后细胞活率96.4％.染色体中正常二倍体数目2n=54,其中,长染色体中有3对为中着丝点染色体,23对为端着丝点染色体,X染色体为最大的近端着丝点染色体,Y染色体为最小的亚中着丝点染色体.所得细胞呈现典型的HFSCs特征,细胞活性好,细胞系为稳定的二倍体细胞系.     

致仔猪水肿病大肠杆菌的分离、鉴定及生物学特性

从不同省份发生水肿病的仔猪的脏器中分离到7株细菌，通过菌体形态、菌落形态、革兰氏染色特性、生化特性、血清型等一系列的鉴定，确认为大肠埃希氏菌。动物致病性试验表明，该菌对小鼠有较强的致病性，可引起小鼠死亡。肉汤培养物无菌滤液能致死小鼠且剖检见相关脏器水肿，引起Vero细胞死亡。对主要毒力基因SLT-lle及F18进行扩增，SLT-lle全部阳性，5株F18为阳性。对LT1及ST1扩增则全为阴性。药敏试验证明，各菌株的耐药谱不同。各菌株攻毒于断奶仔猪，均能复制水肿病。     

仔猪胰腺细胞体外培养体系的建立

为了研究体外培养仔猪胰腺细胞的适宜条件,试验选取1日龄的仔猪胰腺组织置于冰上清洗、修剪,对消化酶、离心方式、培养皿铺被方式、培养液及添加不同促生长因子等多种因素进行筛选和优化.结果表明:0.25%胰酶消化所获得的细胞强于0.1%胶原酶消化获得的细胞,细胞清亮,易于生长;采用500r/min离心5 min、多次离心所获得...     

鹅副粘病毒分离株生物学特性的研究

鹅副粘病毒病是一种新发现的由副粘病毒引起的能引起不同年龄鹅发病、以消化系统损害为主的传染病。本研究对－野毒株（NA－1）应用鸡胚传代、电镜形态学观察、红细胞凝集－红细胞凝集抑制试验、鹅体回归试验、实验免疫保护试验等进行了研究，并进行了三项毒力指标的测定。依据国际上判定新城疫病毒毒力的标准，NA－1毒株均具有与新城疫病毒速发型相似的毒力，属于强毒力的毒株。应用NA－1毒株制备的油乳剂灭活苗实验免疫雏鹅，表明有良好的保护率。     

仔猪胰腺细胞体外培养体系的建立

为了研究体外培养仔猪胰腺细胞的适宜条件,试验选取1日龄的仔猪胰腺组织置于冰上清洗、修剪,对消化酶、离心方式、培养皿铺被方式、培养液及添加不同促生长因子等多种因素进行筛选和优化。结果表明:0.25%胰酶消化所获得的细胞强于0.1%胶原酶消化获得的细胞,细胞清亮,易于生长;采用500 r/min离心5 min、多次离心所获得的细胞较Percoll不连续密度梯度离心和5%BSA等密度梯度离心所获得的细胞贴壁率高,生长能力强,易于培养传代;采用0.1%明胶或20μg/mL的层黏连蛋白铺被培养皿均比无铺被的培养皿获得更多的贴壁细胞;以RPMI 1640、M199、F12、L-DMEM多种培养液培养仔猪胰腺细胞,表现出多种细胞形态和生长趋势;在基础培养液中添加上皮生长因子、角质化生长因子、β-巯基乙醇和白血病细胞抑制因子、转铁蛋白与亚硒酸盐混合试剂等促干细胞增殖因子可促进不同形态细胞的增殖。说明按此方式培养可获得大量、多种细胞形态的仔猪胰腺祖/干细胞。     

胰腺干细胞的研究进展

概述了胰腺干细胞的分布、胰腺的发生、胰腺干细胞的相关标记物以及胰腺干细胞的体外分离培养、增殖、分化等领域的研究进展，并对胰腺干细胞的生物学特征、体外分离培养时遇到的困难等进行了探讨，针对所遇到的困难提出了一些改进意见。     

Isolation and characterization of equine amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to differentiate into multi-lineage cells such as adipocytes, chondroblasts, and osteoblasts. Amniotic membrane from whole placenta is a good source of stem cells in humans. This membrane can potentially be used for wound healing and corneal surface reconstruction. Moreover, it can be easily obtained after delivery and is usually discarded as classified waste. In the present study, we successfully isolated and characterized equine amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (eAM-MSCs) that were cultured and maintained in low glucose Dulbecco''s modified Eagle''s medium. The proliferation of eAM-MSCs was measured based on the cumulative population doubling level (CPDL). Immunophenotyping of eAM-MSCs by flow cytometry showed that the major population was of mesenchymal origin. To confirm differentiation potential, a multi-lineage differentiation assay was conducted. We found that under appropriate conditions, eAM-MSCs are capable of multi-lineage differentiation. Our results indicated that eAM-MSCs may be a good source of stem cells, making them potentially useful for veterinary regenerative medicine and cell-based therapy.     

Identification of perivascular and stromal mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells in porcine endometrium

Mammalian uterus contains a population of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells that likely contribute to endometrial regeneration during each reproductive cycle. In human and mouse, they reside in perivascular, epithelial and stromal compartments of the endometrial functionalis and basalis. Here, we aimed to identify tissue resident cells expressing mesenchymal stem cell markers CD29, CD44, CD90, CD105, CD140b and CD146 in the porcine endometrium. We used single immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Each of these markers was detected in small cells surrounding endometrial blood vessels. CD105 and CD146 were also expressed in single stromal cells. A few stromal and perivascular cells showed the presence of pluripotency marker Oct4 in the cytoplasm, but not in the nucleus, which may imply they are not truly pluripotent. Endometrial cell cultures were examined for the expression of CD29, CD44, CD90, CD105 and CD140b proteins and tested in wound‐healing assay and culture model of chemotaxis. In conclusion, our results demonstrate perivascular location of prospective mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells in the porcine endometrium and may suggest that stromal CD105⁺ and CD146⁺ cells represent more mature precursors originating from their perivascular ancestors.     

Identification of hepatic stem/progenitor cells in canine hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma

Hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) are bipotential stem cells residing in human and animal livers that are able to differentiate towards the hepatocytic or cholangiocytic lineages. HPCs are present in both hepatocellular (HCC) and cholangiocellular carcinoma (CC) in humans; and a small percentage of HCC can originate from cancer stem cells. However, its distribution in canine liver tumour has not been studied. Herein, we searched for stem/progenitor cells in 13 HCC and 7 CC archived samples by immunohistochemical analysis. We found that both liver tumours presented a higher amount of K19‐positive HPCs. Besides, 61.6% of HCC cases presented immature CD44‐positive hepatocytes. Nevertheless, only two cases presented CD133‐positive cells. As observed in humans, hepatic canine tumours presented activated HPCs, with important differentiation onto hepatocytes‐like cells and minimal role of cancer stem cells on HCC. These findings reiterate the applicability of canine model in the search for new therapies before application in humans.     

鸭疫里默氏杆菌的分离鉴定及生物学特性研究

从通辽地区养鸭场病死鸭的脑、肝、脾脏组织和心脏血中分离到4株细菌,经对分离菌进行染色、形态观察及生化鉴定,其中3株鉴定为Ⅰ型鸭疫里默氏杆菌,1株为Ⅱ型鸭疫里默氏杆菌。经动物回归试验,表明该菌对雏鸭有较强的致病力。对4株鸭疫里默氏杆菌进行了12种常用抗菌药物药敏试验,结果4株鸭疫里默氏杆菌分离株对头孢曲松、头孢唑啉、复方新诺明高度敏感,对强力霉素、新霉素、红霉素中度敏感,对庆大霉素、卡那霉素、四环素、环丙沙星、氨苄青霉素、丁胺卡那等均不同程度地产生耐药性。     

Isolation,proliferation and characterization of endometrial canine stem cells

In the last decade, progenitor cells isolated from dissociated endometrial tissue have been the subject of many studies in several animal species. Recently, endometrial cells showing characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been demonstrated in human, pig and cow uterine tissue samples. The aim of this study was the isolation and characterization of stromal cells from the endometrium of healthy bitches, a tissue that after elective surgery is routinely discarded. Multipotent stromal cells could be isolated from all bitches enrolled in the study (n = 7). The multipotency of cells was demonstrated by their capacity to differentiate into adipocytic, osteocytic and chondrocytic lineages. Clonogenicity and cell proliferation ability were also tested. Furthermore, gene expression analysis by RT‐PCR was used to compare the expression of a set of genes (CD44, CD29, CD34, CD45, CD90, CD13, CD133, CD73, CD31 CD105, Oct4) with adipose tissue‐derived MSC. Stromal cells isolated from uterine endometrium showed similar morphology, ability of subculture and plasticity, and also expressed a panel of genes comparable with adipose tissue‐derived MSC. These data suggest that endometrial stromal cells fulfil the basic criteria proposed by the “Mesenchymal and Tissue Stem Cell Committee of the International Society for Cellular Therapy” for the identification of mesenchymal stem cells. Although endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSC) showed a lower replicative ability in comparison with adipose tissue‐derived MSC, they could be considered a cell therapeutic agent alternative to adipose tissue or bone marrow‐derived MSC in dog.     

斑点叉尾鮰源致病性维氏气单胞菌的分离与生物学特性鉴定

为鉴定一起致斑点叉尾鮰突然发病死亡的病原,本研究从发病斑点叉尾鮰中分离到1株致病菌GZTL2017,通过临床解剖观察、细菌分离培养、革兰氏染色镜检、动物回归试验、生化试验、16S rDNA序列分析、部分毒力基因检测和药敏试验进行鉴定。临床解剖观察结果显示,患病斑点叉尾鮰呈现体表溃疡、鳍根部出血、烂腮、肠管充血等症状;分离菌在培养基中呈现表面湿润凸起、边缘光滑半透明、形态均一的乳白色菌落;革兰氏染色镜检显示,分离菌为单个或成双存在、两端钝圆的短直阴性杆菌;动物回归试验显示,该分离菌有较强的致病性;生化试验结果显示,分离菌具有运动性,且氧化酶、V-P、赖氨酸脱氢酶等反应阳性,精氨酸双水解酶、硫化氢等反应阴性;16S rDNA基因序列系统进化树显示,该菌与维氏气单胞菌聚为一支,同源性均>99%;毒力基因检测结果显示,该菌能检出气溶素基因（Aer）、黏附素基因（Aha）、外膜蛋白基因（OmpA）3种毒力基因;药敏试验结果显示,该菌对氟苯尼考、强力霉素、氧氟沙星等14种药物敏感;对诺氟沙星、新霉素、万古霉素等7种药物中度敏感;对麦迪霉素、苯唑西林、头孢拉定等8种药物耐药,且对氟苯尼考、强力霉素的药物最小抑菌浓度分别为1和2 μg/mL。本试验成功分离到1株维氏气单胞菌,为斑点叉尾鮰维氏气单胞菌病防治提供参考依据。     

Isolation and characterization of canine umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to possess the potential for multiple differentiations abilities in vitro and in vivo. In canine system, studying stem cell therapy is important, but so far, stem cells from canine were not identified and characterized. In this study, we successfully isolated and characterized MSCs from the canine umbilical cord and its fetal blood. Canine MSCs (cMSCs) were grown in medium containing low glucose DMEM with 20% FBS. The cMSCs have stem cells expression patterns which are concerned with MSCs surface markers by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. The cMSCs had multipotent abilities. In the neuronal differentiation study, the cMSCs expressed the neuronal markers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuronal class III β tubulin (Tuj-1), neurofilament M (NF160) in the basal culture media. After neuronal differentiation, the cMSCs expressed the neuronal markers Nestin, GFAP, Tuj-1, microtubule-associated protein 2, NF160. In the osteogenic & chondrogenic differentiation studies, cMSCs were stained with alizarin red and toluidine blue staining, respectively. With osteogenic differentiation, the cMSCs presented osteoblastic differentiation genes by RT-PCR. This finding also suggests that cMSCs might have the ability to differentiate multipotentially. It was concluded that isolated MSCs from canine cord blood have multipotential differentiation abilities. Therefore, it is suggested that cMSCs may represent a be a good model system for stem cell biology and could be useful as a therapeutic modality for canine incurable or intractable diseases, including spinal cord injuries in future regenerative medicine studies.     

7型猪链球菌的分离鉴定及特性

通过生化鉴定和PCR方法从湖北省部分地区高热症猪病料中分离鉴定了17株7型猪链球菌,并对所分离菌株进行药敏、毒力基因分布及致病性等生物学特性的研究。结果表明,生化鉴定显示所分离菌株为猪链球菌2型,但经PCR鉴定为7型,测序结果经分析与已发表的7型序列同源性为100%。17株7型分离株毒力基因分布情况为：0.0%为mrp＋,11.8%为epf＋,17.6%为sly＋orf2＋,29.4%fbps＋,100.0%gdh＋。通过对28种药物的敏感试验发现各分离株耐药性差别很大,但对阿莫西林和复方阿莫西林较为敏感（88.2%）,对红霉素最为敏感（100.0%）。动物试验表明,编号为HB6、HB8、HB9的分离株致病性较强。通过对病猪和感染小鼠进行病理切片观察,各器官充血出血最为明显。总之,在以高致病性蓝耳病病毒为主要病原的高热症诊断和治疗中,同样需要考虑混合或继发感染7型猪链球菌致病的可能。