Update Planning and Design Concepts of Taiping Old Downtown Areas in Shuangliu

China has witnessed unprecedented rapid and massive urbanization in recent years, and the urbanization has infl uenced almost all corners of the country, which is a natural process and necessary result of the social and economic development. Development and expansion of cities has been the keynote of the contemporary era. Meanwhile, existence and future development of traditional urban areas that have gone through the long-term natural development have been faced with serious crisis. This paper focused on the relative constancy and changeability of major elements in the natural evolution of traditional cities and towns, so as to explore an organic development mechanism, and make a daring attempt in update planning of old downtown areas of Taiping Town in Shuangliu County. On this basis, the paper aims at exploring a new development concept for common cities and towns that balances inheritance and innovation.     

农村社区科普运行机制研究

随着城市化、城镇化和新农村建设的推进,大量农村人口由乡村转移到城镇,农村也由村落向社区发展。农村社区作为农村居民以农业生产方式为基础所组成的社会生活共同体,能够反映农村社会生活中的各种现象,并具经济、政治、文化和社会建设的多功能性。笔者在分析对比农村科普、现代科普、城市科普特点的基础上,简述了农村社区科普的内涵,回顾了中国农村社区科普实践。在总结农村社区科普工作经验的基础上,构建了农村社区科普工作运行机制框架,提出了开展农村社区科普应注意的几个问题,以期为农村社区科普工作开展和农民素质提高发挥积极作用。     

浅谈城镇化过程中失地农民的角色转换

为研究城镇化中失地农民的角色转换,分析中国经济以及社会结构的转型,对莱芜市城镇化过程中产生的150位失地农民进行调查分析。结果发现,由于个人经验、文化程度、个人偏好、年龄等存在限制,失地农民在城镇环境中社会角色依然相对单调,职业选择简单化、低层次化,与城市社会开放、多样化的社会角色存在较大差距,影响到他们适应城市生活的进程。因此,建议通过广泛开展职业培训、建立完善的社会保障制度等途径,促进失地农民成功的进行角色转换,顺利实现城镇化。     

Analysis of Traffic Block in Downtown Area

With social and economic development in the past decades, the cities and towns was in rapid progress of urbanization. Under such circumstances, certain "urban concerns" causing serious problems in urban growth were arisen and attracted general attention. Located in the central plains in China, Zhengzhou has taken several strategies in its urbanization to ensure its urban development, including loop construction and "smooth transmit" program. However, the traffic block in downtown area always exists and has impact in certain level on the social and economic development in Zhengzhou, which is actually a common issue in other large cities of central and western China. Beginning with analysis of the patterns of urban spatial forms, in this paper, the main transportation issues of downtown area in Zhengzhou were discussed to find a way for its solution.     

关于加快城乡融合发展推动乡村建设的思考

现阶段中国总体处于城镇化快速发展阶段,工农互促,城乡互补。但城乡收入和消费差距仍然较为悬殊,全员劳动生产率差距很大,农村基础设施依然薄弱,农村社会保障水平偏低。随着城镇化发展,一些村庄融入城镇,劳动力大量外出,一些村庄出现了空心化、老龄化问题,同时,随着重大工程实施等,一些村庄也出现了搬迁撤并等新的情况与问题。在乡村振兴的背景下,本研究结合欧洲乡村建设发展的情况和特点,针对国内乡村建设存在的问题,提出了统筹城乡发展空间,做有特色的乡村建设规划,培育新型农业经营主体,融合发展保持乡村活力等一些新的思考与建议。     

城镇化下留守农民社会资本培育的困境及化解

在城镇化持续推进下,人力资本与社会资本丰富的农民大量流向城市,致使留守农民社会资本急剧下降,在农村形成了一个巨大的社会资本缺口,加剧了留守农民贫困化,严重制约着农村全面发展。为此,培育留守农民社会资本,提高其运用社会资本能力以脱贫,是妥善解决三农问题与新农村建设的根本思路之一。但是,城乡发展对资源的争夺、留守农民自身资源的不足以及民间组织与农村精英的自利,使得培育与开发留守农民社会资本陷入诸多困境。为有效培育留守农民社会资本,宏观上,应进行城乡发展统筹规划,且重点向农村统筹;微观上,通过各类学校教育、基础设施建设、民间组织组建等各种途径,加强有利于社会资本培育的基础平台建设。     

基于SWOT分析的河南省城镇化发展策略研究

研究旨在分析河南省现阶段城镇化的发展水平,了解其优势及问题所在,在此基础上得出未来城镇化发展的相关策略,以推动其持续健康发展。以河南省城镇化进入历史转型期为切入点,运用SWOT分析方法,明确了当前的城镇化建设在历史文化、区位交通及国家政策等方面拥有显著优势,并揭示了城镇化进程中存在的诸多问题：城乡发展不均衡、基础设施建设及产业发展滞后、“城市病”频发及人口素质和资源环境的制约等。以此为依据,提出未来河南省的城镇化建设应集中力量做好四件事：以“新三化”协调发展助推新型城镇化建设;加快城乡一体化建设,全力缩小城乡差距;加大生态环境保护力度,追求可持续发展的新型城镇化;注重农村人口素质提升,助力城镇化转型升级。     

Problems in the Development of Small Cities and Towns in West China and Countermeasures: A Case Study of Luzhou City,Sichuan Province

New urbanization targets at coordinated urban-rural development, and construction of ecological and livable environment, it is the foundation for breaking urban-rural dual structure of China and promoting the agricultural modernization. Small cities and towns as carriers of new urbanization have already become important paths of realizing new urbanization and solving problems concerning 300 million peasants in China. Considering the requirements of new urbanization, this paper took Luzhou City in Sichuan Province for example to explore development path suitable for small cities and towns in west China and gave pertinent suggestions.     

Urbanization Response Macro-analysis of Underdeveloped Hilly Areas in Central China

By investigating urbanization process of a typical village in Xinyang City, Henan Province, urbanization response characteristics and driving mechanism of underdeveloped hilly area were explored from the perspectives of population, economy, landscape and society. The results showed that reform of government macro-policy is a fundamental driving force for the urbanization of underdeveloped hilly area in central China which then is co-promoted by economic development and social needs. During the urbanization, rural population is transferred locally or to the neighboring areas, traditional agriculture is gradually transferred to professional and characteristic agriculture. Non-agricultural economy has become a major income source of the locals, and also a major force for shaping rural economic spaces and natural landscapes, leading to the binary landscape layout of village. Weights of environment and traffic are improved in selecting relocation site for rural households, traditional affinity and neighborhood relationship is weakened, spatial differentiation of social and economic structures in the village is enhanced, which are all new tokens of the villagers' values and life concepts, and will lead to the further urbanization.     

基于适度人口容量的新型城镇化发展分析——以宁夏5个地级市为例

通过构建经济承载力、土地承载力、可供水资源承载力、建设用地承载力与生态环境承载力人口容量模型综合测度研究区5市理论城镇化发展水平,从而与实际城镇化发展水平进行对比分析。结果表明：（1）银川市与石嘴山市实际城镇化发展水平高于理论城镇化发展水平,且城市人口潜力指数大,具有吸纳外来人口的能力;（2）吴忠市、中卫市和固原市实际城镇化水平低于理论城镇化水平,城镇化发展水平偏低,且人口潜力指数较小,不具备吸纳外来人口的能力。以此为依据,为不同人口密度等级区新型城镇化发展提出相应的对策与建议：（1）对于人口极密集区与密集区,一方面应加强中心城市的辐射带动能力,另一方面加强政府引导作用,推动人口市民化进程与城市空间协调发展;（2）对于人口中等区,一方面,加强中心城市的拉力作用,另一方面,创造农村推力作用,着力解决城镇化过程中流动人口的“后顾之忧”;（3）对于人口稀少与极稀区,一方面应鼓励就地城镇化,另一方面要打破城乡二元结构,促进本区域城镇化发展水平。     

Towns of Chongqing Sustainable Development Objective Appraisement

Master towns of Chongqing includes Wanzhou, Fuling, Jiangjin, Huochuan and Yongchuan. According to the stratage of developing Western China and urbanization, this article discusses tendency of sustainable development in towns of Chongqing. Applying `evaluation method of arrangement model' and `analyze method of equal difference ', the authors find the short wming of the quality of urbanization and the sustainable development in five towns. So the article takes center city and towns construction and set up cooperation mechanism between the five cities that will be sure to increase momentum and ability of Chongqing for Sustainable development object.     

中国教育的城乡不平衡发展探究

随着中国市场经济的不断发展和城市化进程的逐步推进,社会与经济发展中也出现了很多新的问题。其中,城乡经济与社会发展不协调造成的城乡教育不平衡发展成为影响社会发展和经济增长的主要因素。中国城乡教育失衡由城乡教育资金投入差距、城乡师资力量差距和城乡教育机会差距这3方面原因造成。教育的城乡差距反过来又在经济方面造成农村经济发展滞后,形成了“经济滞后——教育落后——经济滞后”的恶性循环。在就业方面,造成农村人才不足的同时城市就业压力过大。在社会发展方面,造成农村的人口、法制、文化等方面落后于城镇的水平。最后提出加大对农村教育的扶持力度,从教育机会分配的优惠政策、提高教育资金投入和加强师资力量建设这3个方面入手,推动农村教育发展,缩小城乡教育差距。     

Tourism Marketing Strategies for Satellite City against the Background of New Urbanization

Considering the development features of new urbanization, and tourism development conditions of Xinzhou District, Wuhan City, this paper explored the inner integrated point of new urbanization and tourism industry, and on this basis proposed strategies for tourism marketing of satellite city by innovating traditional marketing, and applying new marketing methods, so as to build a high-efficiency, high-coverage marketing network, to promote the development of urban tourism, the integration of industries, and economic strength of satellite city, and to push forward the further implementation of new urbanization.     

Energy-Saving Effect of Discolored Decorative Boards in Flexible Interior Space

Green,energy conservation and environmental protection have increasingly become the theme of the sustained and healthy development of cities against the background of new urbanization,which indicates that the problem of building energy consumption has received growing attention.This paper explores the impact of energy-saving decorations in flexible interior space on energy-saving effect of buildings so as to broaden the horizon of energy conservation in building,thereby alleviating the problem of energy shortage in China.     

“新生代民工”的心理和思想政治工作

“新生代民工”是相对于20世纪80年代的老一代民工而言的。他们和老一代民工一样，打工是为了挣钱，为了发展。然而，在传统的二元结构背景下，新一代民工在城市同样遭受了许多不公平的待遇，这不仅造成了新一代民工在思想和心理上对城市的疏离感，也不利于城市的稳定和进一步发展。近期，又有媒体报道，北京将废除“外来人员管理条理”。所有这些都表明，新形势下研究如何加强城市中的农民工的管理，特别是如何加强他们的思想政治工作，显得意义非常重大。应从用工单位、居住社区、大众传媒、提高民工自身素质等方面加强民工的思想政治工作，使他们尽快适应城市生活。     

The Relationship between Land Scale for Constructionand Social Economic Development

I studied land use under the macroscopic background of rapid urbanization in P. R. China. Currently, there are many problems in land use which restrict the urbanization development. Therefore, I hope to discover existing problems, find out the dynamic law of land use, analyze the affecting factors, and probe into the counter-measures and ways to prohibit the short term use and blind development in land use in the urbanization process. I analyze the relationship between construction land, macroeconomic indicators and social development. I mainly analyze data about construction land, GDP, fixed assets, industry, real estate, traffic, and more. I conclude by pointing out their interrelationships.     

Historical Evolution of Vernacular Settlement in Tianshui City

Vernacular settlement is a sum of settlements that keep traditional landscapes in the process of urbanization, and its coverage coincides with that of urban community and rural settlement to some extent. It is a phenomenon of social development against the background of rapid urbanization. As a national famous historic and cultural city, Tianshui City should have had excellent traditional cultural genes as the driving force for its development, however, only fragments of some historic blocks have been left in the recent urbanization. This paper, on the basis of investigating the old urban district of Tianshui City, analyzing the historical phenomenon, summarized the root causes for the status quo of vernacular dwellings in the city, so as to raise the concerns on humanistic thought, and provide proper guidance for the sustainable development of vernacular settlement.     

人力资本视角的农民工城市化研究综述及展望

为了给农民工城市化以更具体的理论及实践指导,重点概述了国内外学者有关农民工人力资本对其城市化影响,以及在城市化进程中农民工分化的研究,运用社会分层结构理论、人力资本理论等交叉学科理论研究发现：农民工人力资本不仅对农民工分层具有现实的引导与整合功能,也对城市遴选农民工具有现实的引导与整合功能,农民工人力资本在不同层次农民工与不同类型城市之间,扮演着十分重要的耦合角色。由此可以得知,从农民工自身与城市双向提升农民工人力资本水平,是当今解决广大农民工城市化问题最为妥善的内在路径之一。     

Urban River Landscape Design Based on Regional Characteristics——A Case Study of Jinxi River in Hushan Town

River is an important resource for human survival and development, and also a material carrier for cultural inheritance. In recent years, with the further urbanization of China, more efforts have been devoted in economic construction, but protection of local ecological pattern and inheritance of historic context have been overlooked. Taking landscape design of Jinxi River in Hushan Town for example, local resources were analyzed on the basis of regional characteristics to explore the future development trend. Colorful traditional cultures of south Fujian should be introduced into the design of waterfront landscapes, so historic and cultural elements of south Fujian will be inherited and demonstrated in new means by combining with modern landscape design techniques.     

宁夏新型城镇化与人居环境发展时空耦合关系分析

为研究新型城镇化背景下宁夏城镇化发展水平与人居环境的协调关系问题,利用协调度与耦合度评价模型,测算宁夏5个地级市2005—2015年新型城镇化与人居环境协调度指数与耦合度指数,并分析5 个地级市耦合协调度的时空演化特征。结果表明：（1）从整体发展态势看,2005—2015 年研究区除固原市和中卫市外,各市新型城镇化与人居环境协调度指数、耦合度指数均呈现良好上升趋势;（2）从时间序列看,研究区新型城镇化与人居环境协调关系大部分处于高度协调阶段,耦合度除中卫市和固原市外,基本处于磨合阶段与高水平耦合阶段;（3）从空间格局看,研究区新型城镇化与人居环境耦合协调度差异不大,各市均有较高的耦合度。通过分析研究,针对研究区新型城镇化建设与人居环境发展现状提出建议,包括优化城镇空间格局,加强城镇综合承载力;加强户籍改革,推动农民市民化进程;提高居民环境意识,选择合理的城市发展速度与规模。本研究对城乡规划与城镇化发展具有一定的参考价值。