Urban Planning History of Shenzhen City since 1979 and Its Enlightenment

Shenzhen Special Economic Zone has achieved remarkable progress through the 30-year development. The change from the past frontier town to the current megacity makes urban planning practices of Shenzhen City significant for the exploration of other Chinese cities. Combining with significant planning events of Shenzhen City, this paper divided its urban planning history into 3 stages: exploration, transformation and improvement, and particularly introduced its overall planning, urban design, and statutory plan, and finally proposed suggestions for other cities' development on the basis of urban planning history of Shenzhen.     

日本和美国社区支持型农业的发展及其启示

社区支持型农业(CSA)是可持续农业的重要形式之一,近几年在国内逐渐受到人们关注,为借鉴日本和美国CSA发展的经验教训,促进中国CSA健康发展和城乡互补。为此,重点介绍了CSA在两国的发展历程及趋势,分析了兴衰背后的社会原因及其启示,并探讨了中国发展社区支持农业的潜在需求。研究得出：CSA最早产生的日本,随着有机农场的减少,以及社会经济变化等原因,CSA已经变得日益衰落;而在其后CSA兴起的美国却迎合了广大民众的需求得以蓬勃发展,并且功能形式日趋灵活多样,农场平均规模趋于减小。CSA的兴起和发展与其社会背景紧密相关,CSA多数提倡采用机生产方式同时兼备多种功能,其发展遵循平等互利、规模适度等原则,外部支援和参与有助于增强其发展活力。这对中国CSA和持续农业发展具有借鉴意义。该文从维护农民利益、保障市民需求及城乡一体化等角度,认为CSA是中国发展可持续农业、实现城乡协调发展的一条“绿色通道”。     

日本农产品区域品牌保护制度及其启示

随着农业领域国际竞争的日益激烈,作为增强农业综合竞争力的重要因素,世界各国越来越重视农产品区域品牌保护。近年来,日本根据本国国情和国际农业形势的发展变化,积极制定农产品区域品牌的保护制度以激励和保护本国农业的发展。本文通过对日本农产品区域品牌的保护制度进行分析和评价,从而得出其对我国的启示作用和借鉴意义。以日本为鉴,我国也应该从本国国情出发,完善区域品牌的相关法律、法规,发挥政府的职能,发展产品保护行业协会,强化安全质量标准体系的监控并大力开展市场推广与广告宣传。     

Research on the Model of General Landscape Planning of City Road System

This paper analyses the overall landscape framework of city road system in ancient and modern China, using the ideal state terrain model which was fi rst recorded by the construction system of the Zhou Dynasty, and summarizes the ideal model of overall landscape framework of city road system, based on Chinese psychological needs of landscape, and conducts the applied research taking Nanchong in Sichuan, China for example.     

日美国家农业立法的发展趋势及启迪

农政管理法制化,它是政府进行调控、干预、管理、监督农业经济活动的主要手段。日美国家为实施《农业基本法》、《农业法》专门修改有关法律和制定大量相配套的新法律。制定完善农业基本法,为农业各种政策提出一个基本方向;重视农业投入立法,建立完善投入机制;通过农产品市场立法,稳定发展农产品市场;加强自然资源保护和环境及其它方面的立法;制定调整农业经济关系和技术推广及强化农业主体、粮食保护等其他法律。 形成了较为完善的农业法律体系,真正实现了以法治农。     

日本和印度区域农业及对中国农业发展的启示

中国是一个农业大国，区域差异明显；不同的区域，其农业发展方向与重点也有所不同；与国外发达国家相比，中国的区域农业并没有得到很好的发展。从对日本和印度两国的区域农业专业化发展进行分析，论述日本和印度区域农业专业化发展的做法和措施；其中包括：农业的科技推广、教育、以及政府的支持等方面；从而得到一些对中国区域农业发展的启示。     

Positive Approach in Accounting and Its Enlightenment on Scientific Research

Development of science needs the improvement and revolution in research approach. This paper first probes the philosophical meaning of positive approach and normative approach, then analyzes and evaluates the two approaches in accounting research, at last, puts forward the positive idea in scientific research.     

澳大利亚社区农园的发展及其对我国的启示

在一些发达国家,社区农园向人们提供了接触自然、放松身心的场所,已受到越来越多市民的喜欢。而我国社区农园的发展仍处于探索期,借鉴国外社区农园对于我国社区农园的发展有很大的裨益。对澳大利亚社区花园的发展状况进行了详细介绍。以三个分别位于居住区、校园、公园的社区花园为例,根据案例分析社区农园对孤独人群、老年人、儿童、残疾人这些弱势群体带来的益处,阐明其对人们身心健康的改善以及对社会可持续发展的重大意义。文末根据澳大利亚社区农园发展的成功经验和我国城市发展的现状,提出我国建设社区农园需要面临的挑战。     

参与式发展研究方法在村级发展规划中的应用 ——以保定市两渔村为例

参与式发展研究是农村发展工作者与农民一起共同分析现状、共同制定和执行发展规划的一种研究方法。运用参与式方法制定的发展方案能够充分体现农民的意愿和想法，使农民在实施中具有很高的积极性，保证方案实施的可持续。采用参与式发展研究方法，按照“参与”、“互动”、“讨论”、“研究”的原则，提出了近期两渔村村级发展规划。     

中国农业土地利用的生态智慧及启示

为展示悠久的中国农业生态智慧,推动生态智慧—生态实践—生态文明的融合共生,通过对历史典籍资料和传统农业实践的文献分析和归纳演绎,总结了中国农业土地利用的生态智慧及其规划思维.研究表明:因天时、就地利、重人和体现了中国农业土地利用的生态智慧.整体生态观念、时间循环思维和要素统筹思想是中国农业土地利用的规划思维外在表现...     

日本甜菜制糖业的有效管理及其启示

日本年产糖70万吨,消费200万吨,进口糖130万吨,对进口原糖征收高额关税,保护本国的食糖产业。食糖定价综合考虑了糖农利益、糖厂利益、消费者利益以及国际市场的情况。日本甜菜种植采用纸筒育苗移栽技术,实现了甜菜生产全过程机械化, 解决了在劳动力不足的条件下精耕细作和适度规模经营问题。日本甜菜种植面积7.2万hm₂,单产55-65t/ hm₂,含糖率16%-17%,甜菜收购实行以质论价,按甜菜含糖率确定价格。日本甜菜制糖业的成功对中国甜菜制糖业的产业政策、甜菜生产与管理等方面具有借鉴意义。     

Enlightenment of Advanced Foreign Green Planning Researches for the Regional Greenway Network Planning of the Pearl River Delta

Since the programmatic document for the greenway construction in 9 cities of the Pear River Delta-Greenway Network Master Planning Outline for the Pearl River Delta was issued, greenway construction has been launched in all regions. This study proposed background of greenway study and problems in current greenway construction, analyzed the advanced overseas cases about networking and ecologicalization of greenways, and summarized their successful experience and their enlightenment for domestic greenway planning. By analyzing greenway construction in the United States in an all-around way, especially the typical greenway planning of Auckland Isthmus in New Zealand, it was proposed that sustainable development should be taken as the guiding ideology for greenway network planning of the Pearl River Delta, ecology-based planning adopted, ecological control and guidance of greenway defined, and high technology applied to create a scientific network.     

Road Following in Vehicle Intelligent Auxiliary Drive System

The problem of computer vision in the vehicle intelligent auxiliary driving system is studied. It discusses the way of image segment based on region growing to follow road and points of its two sides. In this paper, one effective and real time method in highway surface searching and following is presented; it applies the polynomial data fitting to find the both sides of the driving area; with its help,it also can figure out the way stretching correctly, therefore, the vehicle can self anti deviation. It also supplies some valuable discussion on problems existing in its experiments. [WT5HZ]     

欧盟植物新品种保护制度概述及借鉴

植物新品种保护制度是知识产权保护体系的重要组成部分,是农业知识产权保护和现代种业发展的核心。欧盟是国际植物新品种保护联盟中为数不多的实施区域保护的成员,其制度设计科学高效、审查流程简单实用、日常管理规范透明,对我国植物新品种保护制度完善和规范管理等方面有借鉴意义。     

Enlightenment from Chaos Theory for Urban Planning: Seeking Order out of Chaos

As a new discipline, Chaos theory was ushered in the revolution in physics of the 20th century, which is of jistoric significance. Chaos theory is concerned with the objects in our tangible world (macro world) with the measure of human beings. In this paper, a brief analysis of chaos theory and fractals is given and then the enlightenment and new perspective for urban planning from chaos and chaos theory are illustrated. The author hopes that!this paper could draw the concerns of designers regarding the application of chaos in urban planning.     

The Planning Management Experience and Enlightenment of the Cityscape Inheritance of the Ancient City of Yangzhou

China is currently facing the problem of large-scale destruction of the overall cityscape brought about by the rapid development of the city. The optimization of urban stocks and the improvement of urban quality have become the necessary paths for major cities to improve their urban soft power and obtain secondary economic growth. At present, most cities in China are still in the exploratory period of the protection of the cityscape, facing the dilemma of various ways but poor effects. Since the 1990 s, Yangzhou has begun to protect and inherit the cityscape, accumulating systematic protection methods and retaining the complete cityscape. This paper analyzed the characteristic cityscape of the ancient city of Yangzhou, sorted out its strategic methods in the planning management, and summarized the local experience in the inheritance of the characteristic cityscape, in order to provide a reference for China's future cityscape protection work.     

Participatory plant breeding with maize in Mexico and Honduras

Maize is a staple food crop in many developing countries. However, if seven major maize producing countries are excluded from this group, data indicate that only 34% of the maize area is planted with improved seed despite considerable effort invested in maize breeding. This has led researchers to investigate other options, such as farmer-participatory plant breeding, for delivering the benefits of plant breeding knowledge and technology to farmers in developing countries. This paper describes short-term results from participatory maize breeding studies in Mexico and Honduras. Results from three selection cycles in Mexico suggest that stratified mass selection without pollination control, with selections carried out by researchers in farmers' fields, may be effective at improving yield in farmers' local varieties. In Honduras, mass selection with pollination control, where selections were done by collaborating farmers in their own fields on their own varieties, showed trends (non-significant) towards yield improvement. Farmer selection seemed to offer the greatest yield benefit over experiment station selection on the farm with the lowest yield potential, suggesting that farmer-participatory approaches may be most advantageous in marginal environments where experiment station conditions differ most dramatically from farmers' conditions. These studies highlighted the importance of seed systems knowledge in designing participatory plant breeding programs. For cross-pollinated crops, they also highlighted the need to balance progress from selection and demands on farmers' time and labor in choosing breeding methods. Further work is needed to investigate farmer-participatory breeding approaches that can address post-harvest traits. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

中国牧草产品国际贸易格局研究及启示

为研究中国牧草产品的贸易量、贸易结构、贸易伙伴的历史趋势和变化规律,采用描述性统计以及定量计算函数关系的方法分析1996—2014年间中国牧草产品国际贸易格局。结果发现：2008年以来,中国苜蓿干草和燕麦草的进口量都呈现指数式增长趋势,进口量与中国大型奶牛场的奶牛存栏头数呈现显著正相关关系。中国牧草产品主要进口国是美国和澳大利亚。为了保障粗饲料供给安全,中国应该采取的措施是充分利用国内、国际2个市场和2种资源,有效补充对国内优质饲料的供给。燕麦草正值发展的有利时机,应该借鉴澳大利亚燕麦草产业发展经验,重视发展燕麦草产业。同时应该调动国内各种资源发展牧草产业,从而保障中国优质安全的乳制品与牛羊肉产品的供应。     

地市级土地利用规划信息系统的设计与实现

地市级土地利用规划信息系统是全国四级土地利用规划信息系统的重要组成部分,它联系着省级系统和县级系统,具有承上启下的作用。研究地市级土地利用规划信息系统,对提高土地利用规划工作的信息化水平,完善全国的土地利用规划信息系统体系,实现规划管理工作的一体化办公和规划数据的互联共享具有重要的现实意义。本文选用MAPGIS7.0、Visual Basic 6.0和 SQL Server 2000作为系统开发工具,采用集成二次开发方法,以客户机/服务器（C/S）作为系统的体系结构,设计开发了系统的数据库和系统的功能模块。本研究对推动地市级土地利用规划信息系统的建设有一定的作用。