9个夏果型树莓品种在熊岳地区的引种栽培试验

为丰富辽宁省树莓品种结构,2002-2008年,辽宁省果树科学研究所先后从中国林业科学院、沈阳农业大学引进夏果型树莓品种9个,对其进行引种栽培试验.结构表明,9个夏果型树莓品种在熊岳地区均可正常生长发育,综合分析农艺性状等指标,发现'费尔杜德'维拉米'和'托拉米'表现较好,可在熊岳及立地条件相似地区进行推广.'托拉米'可作为品质育种,'无刺红'可作为早熟育种的亲本加以利用.     

3个树莓品种在辽宁义县的栽培试验

2010—2014年,夏果型红树莓‘托拉米’‘费尔杜德’和秋果型红树莓‘海尔特兹’在辽宁省义县进行试栽。结果表明:3个树莓品种在当地长势良好,均能正常生长结果,丰产性强,果实品质佳,能表现出品种特性;‘海尔特兹’和‘费尔杜德’2个品种抗寒性好、抗病性强,‘托拉米’抗寒性和抗病性稍差。初步认为这3个树莓品种均适合在辽宁省义县推广栽植,其中,秋果型红树莓‘海尔特兹’果实8月中旬成熟,由于秋季雨水少、温差较大,果实品质极佳,在当地可实行免防寒栽培,具有很好的栽培前景。     

天津引种“京香”系列草莓新品种的灰色关联度分析

以从北京引进的14个草莓品种及3个天津主栽草莓品种为试材,在天津地区进行栽培试验,采用灰色关联度分析对草莓植株成活率、产量及果实品质等指标进行综合评价,以期筛选出适合天津栽培的草莓新品种。结果表明:"红袖添香"综合性状表现最好,"粉红公主"综合性状次之,但其品质最好,这2个品种在天津地区均具有推广潜力。     

大棚葡萄栽培生长结果习性调查

调查了大棚栽培的7个葡萄品种的物候期、生长和结果习性、果实经济性状、抗病性和芽眼生产力.结果表明:矢富罗莎、无核白鸡心和红双味3个品种,适宜在大棚内栽培;兴华王、京秀、绯红和里扎马特4个品种表现较差,大棚种植时难度较大.     

秦龙大穗及巨星和里扎马特3个葡萄品种的比较

调查了秦龙大穗、巨星和里扎马特3个品种在南京的物候期及生长结果习性，对果实性状和抗病性等进行了比较，结果表明：3个品种的果实性状基本相似，均易感白腐病，着色不一致，果实不耐运输，在南方可择一种植，作为其他优良品种的补充，适当发展。     

几个树莓黑莓优良新品种生物学特性初探

通过几年来对当前生产中推广应用的托拉米(Tulameen)、维拉米(Willamette)、海尔特兹(Heritage)、凯欧(克优瓦,Kiowa)、莎尼(Shawnee)、海洋一号等6个优良新品种树莓(Rubus spp.raspberry)和黑莓(Rubusspp.blackberry)生物学特性观测试验,系统地总结新乡市树莓黑莓新品种的物候期及其果实的生物学性状,为河南省树莓黑莓的科学研究及标准化生产提供理论依据与技术支持。     

27个蓝莓品种在浙江临海的果实性状表现初探

以引进的27个蓝莓品种为试材,连续2年对蓝莓果实性状进行观测和综合分析.结果表明:27个蓝莓品种在临海的果实性状、成熟期、果实色泽以及果实贮藏性存在一定差异;其中"奥尼尔""密斯蒂""莱格西"和"威尔"在成熟期、果实品质等方面表现较优,较适宜临海地区引种栽植;"久比利"和"比洛克西"品质较优,可适当发展;"红宝石"观赏...     

11个国外树莓品种在四川雅安的引种试验

连续3年对引入四川雅安的11个国外树莓品种的适应性、抗逆性、物候期、果实品质和产量进行调查。结果表明,引进品种均能正常生长发育,但整体对水分比较敏感,耐湿性较差,有些品种抗旱性也差;果实品质表现优良的是阿岗昆、奇里考特和顶酷;表现为丰产的品种是奇里考特、奇里瓦克、来味里、夏蜜、金克维和顶酷。综合评价,如果给予适宜的栽培管理,可以在雅安生态相似区域推广栽培的品种是奇里考特和顶酷。     

野生茄子繁种试验研究

通过对托鲁巴姆、赤茄、刚果茄、刺茄等7个野生茄子品种进行繁种试验研究，结果表明：野生茄子因品种不同，其生长发育特性、结果习性、果实形状等明显不同，从植株的生长性状、果实大小、形状、色泽等农艺性状观察发．现，刺茄和云南野茄是同一品种，刚果茄和观赏茄是同一品种。托鲁巴姆植株在北方地区开花结果晚，果实不能达到生理成熟，从而不能产生有生命力的种子，其余几个野生茄子品种均能利用常规繁种技术，生产有生命力的种子。     

武汉地区早春设施番茄新品种比较试验

通过试验比较了8个番茄品种在武汉地区的生育期、植物学性状、果实商品性状、营养品质、产量、抗病性.试验结果表明,中研红2号和红孩儿综合表现优良,丰产性好、具有较好的抗性、果实大小适中、果形美观、商品性较好,可以推荐作为早春栽培主导品种进行推广应用;帕维亚和GBS-爱因斯坦综合性状较好,可作为补充品种.     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.