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1.
New sophisticated laboratory techniques, as well as established interactions between basic science, researchers and veterinarians, have led to an exponential increase in our understanding of the animal body in health and disease. The advent of animal cloning, the identification and characterization of stem cells, and publication of the various mammalian genomes has afforded the opportunity to exploit these technologies to better understand disease and develop new therapies. In human medicine, these medical advances are already being translated into clinical practice, the promise being that previously untreatable or incurable chronic diseases will become a thing of the past. In parallel, the veterinary profession is looking to these technologies to explore novel therapies for chronic diseases, such as osteoarthritis in companion animals, and is applying these technologies to enhance food animal production. This review focuses on the emerging area of stem cell biology and explores the potential applications of stem cell technologies to veterinary medicine. 相似文献
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I have attempted to give insight into many of the aspects of a corporate veterinary job in the retail pet industry. Understand that these are my experiences, and corporate jobs are as diverse as the number of corporations in this field. My experiences have been positive because I have been fortunate enough to become an integral part of a company with an outstanding company ethic regarding animal care and business as a whole. This is a dream position for a veterinarian who wishes to make a far-reaching difference for animals. At PETCO I am the Animal Advocate and I do have the responsibility to look at every situation through the eyes of the animals. I take this responsibility very seriously and understand that every decision I make has a lasting impact on not only the animals we sell but also the associates who daily give their heart and soul as they care for the animals in our stores. This is the way I have chosen to make a difference in the world: by using my veterinary education as well as my life experiences in ways that are very different from the James Herriot of old-different from the advanced veterinary practices in this new millennium but steadfastly following the same principles we promised to uphold when we took the veterinary oath... Being admitted to the profession of veterinary medicine, I solemnly swear to use my scientific knowledge and skills for the benefit of society through the protection of animal health, the relief of animal suffering,the conservation of livestock resources, the promotion of public health, and the advancement of medical knowledge. I will practice my profession conscientiously, with dignity, and in keeping with the principles of veterinary medical ethics. I accept as a lifelong obligation the continual improvement of my professional knowledge and competence. 相似文献
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Steele JH 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):224-243
Animal diseases are known to be the origin of many human diseases, and there are many examples from ancient civilizations of plagues that arose from animals, domesticated and wild. Records of attempts to control zoonoses are almost as old. The early focus on food-borne illness evolved into veterinary medicine's support of public health efforts. Key historical events, disease outbreaks, and individuals responsible for their control are reviewed and serve as a foundation for understanding the current and future efforts in veterinary public health. Animal medicine and veterinary public health have been intertwined since humans first began ministrations to their families and animals. In the United States, the veterinary medical profession has effectively eliminated those major problems of animal health that had serious public health ramifications. These lessons and experiences can serve as a model for other countries. Our past must also be a reminder that the battle for human and animal health is ongoing. New agents emerge to threaten human and animal populations. With knowledge of the past, coupled with new technologies and techniques, we must be vigilant and carry on. 相似文献
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Koolmees PA 《Argos (Utrecht, Netherlands)》2000,(22):75-77
In the course of the last two centuries veterinarians succeeded in gaining a monopoly with respect to a number of specific tasks within society under the motto "to the benefit of man and animal alike". Today, a veterinary infrastructure exists in the western world, which is usually taken for granted by society. Before the responsibility for maintaining animal resources and protecting both animal and human health were entrusted to veterinarians, both the process of scientific progress and professionalization of veterinary medicine were necessary. In this paper the regulation of the market for veterinary services in The Netherlands is decribed. Until World War II, the military and the colonies represented a major demand for veterinary services. A healthly livestock has always been considered as a main concern by the Dutch government with respect to the domestic food supply as well as exports. State intervention concerning veterinary medicine therefore focused on the organized campaigns against livestock diseases. Early national veterinary legislation originated from this concern, as is still the case today within the EU framework. The protection of human health only became part of the veterinary professional domain at a relatively late stage. Due to a strong economic growth from the 1960s onwards, veterinary practice was extended with the care for an increasing number of companion animals. The veterinary profession and its employment are subject to changes in society, such as the number of animals and the significance that is paid to the different species. In 1900 there were 4 million production animals in The Netherlands, while the human population counted 5 million. One century later, not less than approximately 130 million farm animals and 30 million companion animals are living in this country, which now has about 16 million inhabitants. Consquently, the total number of active vets increased from about 250 to 4,000 in the same period, while the number of group and solo practices both increased. 相似文献
5.
Teodor Juszkiewicz 《Veterinary research communications》1983,7(1):113-118
Most of the chemicals contaminating the environment may penetrate animal organisms, causing various noxious effects there and being transferred to man via food of animal origin. It seems obligatory for veterinary medicine to play an important role in preventing environmental pollution and protecting human health. Pesticide residues may serve as a good example of the problem. Achievements and difficulties of pesticide residue analysis are discussed in view of the veterinary needs for xenobiotic toxicology. 相似文献
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Mauria A. O'Brien DVM Rebecca Kirby DVM DACVIM DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2008,18(6):572-585
Objective – To review the human and veterinary literature on the biology of apoptosis in health and disease. Data Sources – Data were examined from the human and veterinary literature identified through Pubmed and references listed in appropriate articles pertaining to apoptosis. Human Data Synthesis – The role of apoptosis in health and disease is a rapidly growing area of research in human medicine. Apoptosis has been identified as a component of human autoimmune diseases, Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and sepsis. Veterinary Data Synthesis – Research data available from the veterinary literature pertaining to apoptosis and its role in diseases of small animal species is still in its infancy. The majority of veterinary studies focus on oncologic therapy. Most of the basic science and human clinical research studies use human blood and tissue samples and murine models. The results from these studies may be applicable to small animal species. Conclusions – Apoptosis is the complex physiologic process of programmed cell death. The pathophysiology of apoptosis and disease is only now being closely evaluated in human medicine. Knowledge of the physiologic mechanisms by which tissues regulate their size and composition is leading researchers to investigate the role of apoptosis in human diseases such as cancer, autoimmune disease and sepsis. Because it is a multifaceted process, apoptosis is difficult to target or manipulate therapeutically. Future studies may reveal methods to regulate or manipulate apoptosis and improve patient outcome. 相似文献
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Finding cardiovascular disease genes in the dog 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Heidi G. Parker PhD Kathryn M. Meurs DVM PhD Elaine A. Ostrander PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2006,8(2):115-127
Recent advances in canine genomics are changing the landscape of veterinary biology, and by default, veterinary medicine. No longer are clinicians locked into traditional methods of diagnoses and therapy. Rather, major advances in canine genetics and genomics from the past five years are now changing the way the veterinarian of the 21st century practices medicine. First, the availability of a dense genome map gives canine genetics a much-needed foothold in comparative medicine, allowing advances made in human and mouse genetics to be applied to companion animals. Second, the recently released 7.5× whole genome sequence of the dog is facilitating the identification of hereditary disease genes. Finally, development of genetic tools for rapid screening of families and populations at risk for inherited disease means that the cost of identifying and testing for disease loci will significantly decrease in coming years. Out of these advances will come major changes in companion animal diagnostics and therapy. Clinicians will be able to offer their clients genetic testing and counseling for a myriad of disorders. In this review we summarize recent findings in canine genomics and discuss their application to the study of canine cardiac health. 相似文献
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Louis A. DelGiudice DVM George A. White DVM DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2009,19(1):23-29
Objective – To review the veterinary and human literature on the role of tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) in health and disease states.
Data Sources – Original research articles and scientific reviews from both human and veterinary literature were searched for relevance to TF and TFPI.
Human Data Synthesis – Interest in both TF and TFPI has grown widely over the last several years. The impact TF plays in coagulation, inflammation, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis, and cellular signaling has become apparent. Treatment with TFPI for severe sepsis has been examined and is still currently under investigation. Inhibition of the TF pathway is being studied as an aid in the treatment of neoplasia. The important physiologic and pathophysiologic role these molecules play has only begun to be understood.
Veterinary Data Synthesis – There is a paucity of publications that discuss the importance of TF and TFPI in veterinary medicine. An enhanced understanding of the TF pathway in human medicine, in experimental animal models treating sepsis with TFPI, and in animal models demonstrating the proangiogenic properties of TF provides relevance to veterinary medicine.
Conclusion – It is apparent that TF and TFPI are important in health and disease. An enhanced understanding of the physiologic and pathophysiologic roles of these factors provides better insight into coagulation, inflammation, angiogenesis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and tumor metastasis. This greater understanding may provide for the development of therapeutics for sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and neoplasia. 相似文献
Data Sources – Original research articles and scientific reviews from both human and veterinary literature were searched for relevance to TF and TFPI.
Human Data Synthesis – Interest in both TF and TFPI has grown widely over the last several years. The impact TF plays in coagulation, inflammation, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis, and cellular signaling has become apparent. Treatment with TFPI for severe sepsis has been examined and is still currently under investigation. Inhibition of the TF pathway is being studied as an aid in the treatment of neoplasia. The important physiologic and pathophysiologic role these molecules play has only begun to be understood.
Veterinary Data Synthesis – There is a paucity of publications that discuss the importance of TF and TFPI in veterinary medicine. An enhanced understanding of the TF pathway in human medicine, in experimental animal models treating sepsis with TFPI, and in animal models demonstrating the proangiogenic properties of TF provides relevance to veterinary medicine.
Conclusion – It is apparent that TF and TFPI are important in health and disease. An enhanced understanding of the physiologic and pathophysiologic roles of these factors provides better insight into coagulation, inflammation, angiogenesis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and tumor metastasis. This greater understanding may provide for the development of therapeutics for sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and neoplasia. 相似文献
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Hodgson K Darling M 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2011,52(2):189-191
One Health is dedicated to improving the health of all species through the integration of human and veterinary medicine. To date, initiatives have primarily focussed on controlling zoonoses. This paper discusses zooeyia, the positive benefits to human health from interacting with animals, focussing on the companion animal. 相似文献
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Sargeant JM 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):250-259
This paper summarizes a presentation given at the Association for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine sponsored Calvin W. Schwabe symposium honouring the lifetime achievements of Dr. S. Wayne Martin. While the concepts were amalgamated from many sources, the examples were primarily selected to represent areas where Wayne Martin has been an active researcher and educator. The purpose was to describe the impact of veterinary epidemiology on public health in the past and present and to consider the future of veterinary epidemiology in public health. Veterinary medicine contributes to public health not only in the area of zoonotic disease prevention and control, but also through contributions to animal health, comparative and basic medical research, and population and environmental health. Veterinary epidemiologists contribute to both research in public health and the practice of public health through a wide range of methodological approaches and via the networks of trained epidemiologists working in the area. The contributions of veterinary epidemiologists have resulted in significant improvements in human health. There are considerable challenges and opportunities facing veterinary epidemiologists working in the public health area in the future. Meeting these needs will require continued integration between veterinary and human public health research and practice, and enhanced communication of both content and context expertise. 相似文献
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Rachel J. Derscheid Michael C. Rahe Eric R. Burrough Kent J. Schwartz Bailey Arruda 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(3):419
Technologic advances in information management have rapidly changed laboratory testing and the practice of veterinary medicine. Timely and strategic sampling, same-day assays, and 24-h access to laboratory results allow for rapid implementation of intervention and treatment protocols. Although agent detection and monitoring systems have progressed, and wider tracking of diseases across veterinary diagnostic laboratories exists, such as by the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN), the distinction between detection of agent and manifestation of disease is critical to improved disease management. The implementation of a consistent, intuitive, and useful disease diagnosis coding system, specific for veterinary medicine and applicable to multiple animal species within and between veterinary diagnostic laboratories, is the first phase of disease data aggregation. Feedback loops for continuous improvement that could aggregate existing clinical and laboratory databases to improve the value and applications of diagnostic processes and clinical interventions, with interactive capabilities between clinicians and diagnosticians, and that differentiate disease causation from mere agent detection, remain incomplete. Creating an interface that allows aggregation of existing data from clinicians, including final diagnosis, interventions, or treatments applied, and measures of outcomes, is the second phase. Prototypes for stakeholder cooperation, collaboration, and beta testing of this vision are in development and becoming a reality. We focus here on how such a system is being developed and utilized at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory to facilitate evidence-based medicine and utilize diagnostic coding for continuous improvement of animal health and welfare. 相似文献
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Art, science and mathematics: new approaches to animal health problems in the agricultural industry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G Davies 《The Veterinary record》1985,117(11):263-267
This article is about change; particularly the prospect for change in veterinary research during the last decade and a half of the 20th century. The title encapsulates the idea that veterinary medicine, if it is to be effective, periodically has to change its approach to solving animal health problems; that over the last century we have witnessed one major change, that from veterinary medicine as an art to veterinary medicine as a science, and that we are probably on the brink of another change, moving from a scientific or more correctly an experimental approach to a mathematical or observational approach. 相似文献
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P.‐L. Toutain A. Bousquet‐Melou 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2013,36(5):420-424
In both human and veterinary medicine, it has been shown that flooding the market with different generics and/or ‘me‐too’ branded drugs has increased overall antibiotic consumption correlating with the emergence and spread of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Another possible undesirable consequence of the promotion of generics is the promotion of an economic incentive that encourages the use of old drug products with very poor oral bioavailability, marketed with historical dosage regimens and extensively excreted in the environment. What veterinary medicine rather needs is new innovative and ‘ecofriendly’ antibiotics to actually enforce a more prudent use of antibiotics. For a pharmaceutical company, generics are inexpensive to manufacture and on a short‐term basis, the generic market is very appealing. However, on a long‐term basis, this marketing orientation provides a disincentive to the development of new and innovative products that will be required to meet the therapeutic needs of the veterinary community while being consistent with public health concerns. Indeed, for veterinary medicine, the key issue surrounding antibiotics is public health. It is the opinion of the authors that veterinary antibiotics and/or veterinary drug formulations should be innovative in terms of selectivity (no or minimal impact on the commensal gut flora), biodegradable (with minimal environmental disruption), and more expensive, with a strictly regulated market rather than unselective, cheap, and freely available drugs. 相似文献
19.
Nanoscience in veterinary medicine 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Scott NR 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(Z1):139-144
Nanotechnology, as an enabling technology, has the potential to revolutionize veterinary medicine. Examples of potential applications in animal agriculture and veterinary medicine include disease diagnosis and treatment delivery systems, new tools for molecular and cellular breeding, identity preservation of animal history from birth to a consumer's table, the security of animal food products, major impact on animal nutrition scenarios ranging from the diet to nutrient uptake and utilization, modification of animal waste as expelled from the animal, pathogen detection, and many more. Existing research has demonstrated the feasibility of introducing nanoshells and nanotubes into animals to seek and destroy targeted cells. Thus, building blocks do exist and are expected to be integrated into systems over the next couple of decades on a commercial basis. While it is reasonable to presume that nanobiotechnology industries and unique developments will revolutionize veterinary medicine in the future, there is a huge concern, among some persons and organizations, about food safety and health as well as social and ethical issues which can delay or derail technological advancements. 相似文献
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动物源细菌耐药性对动物细菌传染性疾病防治的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过阐述动物源细菌耐药性的产生及演变趋势,分析抗生素在兽医领域中的应用情况,探讨动物细菌传染性疾病的防治策略,旨在了解细菌耐药性对动物细菌传染性疾病治疗的影响,为兽用药品特别是兽用细菌疫苗的发展提供参考,促进动物卫生安全和公共卫生安全。 相似文献