西瓜新品种黑玉的选育

黑玉西瓜为小果型西瓜一代杂种.早熟,生长势强,易坐果,雌花着生密,连续结果性强,果实长椭圆形,果皮墨绿色覆黑色条纹,皮薄而韧,耐储运,瓤色深红,肉质较致密、细脆爽口,纤维少,中心可溶性固形物含量12%,边缘与中心糖度梯度小,平均单瓜质量2.5～3.5 kg,667 m2产量1 500～2 000 kg.适合我国各瓜区露地或保护地栽培.     

黄瓤西瓜新品种冠金的选育

冠金西瓜是黄瓤西瓜杂交一代品种,果实圆形,表皮深绿并分布14～17条黑色锯齿状条带,中心糖含量11.5%,质地细脆多汁,口感清爽,单瓜质量3.6 kg,667 m2产量2 800 kg.坐果能力强,抗病耐湿,耐贮运,全生育期95天左右.     

安徽省临泉县李湖蔬菜研究所

大棚专用西瓜——春宝宝该瓜早熟性强,从雌花开放到成熟26~28天,花皮圆瓜,果形圆正,无畸形瓜,无次品瓜,是一极少见高档品种。该瓜有三大特点:一、品质高档,含水丰富,中心含糖13.5%,有入口即化之感,肉质脆嫩、高甜爽口,被瓜农称为冰糖西瓜,同样大小的西瓜可比其他品种重1~1.5kg。二、皮薄耐裂,克服了84-24西瓜极易裂瓜的现象,该瓜无论早期、中期、后期均不易裂瓜,皮薄6mm,成熟的西瓜上可站立100kg体重的人,而瓜不裂不烂。且瓜皮脆嫩、爽口,是极少见甜到皮     

黄皮西瓜皇冠和金碧的选育及栽培要点

皇冠和金碧是中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所培育的黄皮礼品型西瓜新品种。皇冠为二倍体西瓜,果实金黄,高圆形,大红瓤,早熟,果实发育期26～28d,中心可溶性固形物含量11.5％以上。单瓜重2.5～3.5kg,单产量3500kg/667m~2。金碧为三倍体无籽西瓜,果实金黄,近圆形,大红瓤,中熟,果实发育期33d,中心可溶性固形物含量12％左右。单瓜重6～7.5kg,单产4500kg/667m~2。皇冠和金碧均可进行露地和保护地栽培。     

早熟西瓜新品种--春辉的选育与推广

春辉是安徽屯玉种业股份有限责任公司育成的杂交一代京欣1号类型早熟西瓜新品种.全生育期90天,果实发育期30天.植株长势稳健,分枝适中,抗逆性强,易坐果;果实圆形,花皮,红瓤,质脆,汁多爽口,中心可溶性固形物含量12.0%,边部8.5%;一般单瓜重5～6 kg,商品瓜产量4 000 kg/667 m2.     

西瓜新品种美抗8号的选育

美抗8号西瓜新品种是河北省蔬菜种苗中心培育的杂交一代西瓜新品种。全生育期95－97天，果实发育期33－35天，平均单瓜重7－10kg,667m^2产瓜4000kg以上，果心可溶性固形物含量11．1％－12．1％，抗病性强，商品性好，耐储运。适宜华北、东北、西南等地区栽培。     

安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所爱地牌系列西瓜新品种

安徽省农科院园艺研究所主持的省重大科技专项已经育成了一系列不同类型的西瓜新品种(F1),现将品种简介如下:1小果型西瓜秀丽椭圆形瓜,花皮,瓤色鲜红,皮薄有韧性,籽少。果实发育期25～28天。中心可溶性固形物含量13%,边部10%以上,瓤质细嫩酥脆,口感爽甜。单瓜重2～2.5kg,一般667m2产量3500～4000kg。抗病性好。2～5蔓整枝,每蔓1瓜,少蔓整枝瓜大,多蔓整枝瓜小。适宜大棚吊蔓和爬地栽培。可采收2～3茬瓜。秀美圆形瓜,花皮,皮色较浅,瓤色大红,皮薄籽少,中心可溶性固形物含量13%左右,边部9.5%～10%,瓤质细嫩酥脆,口感好。单瓜重2kg左右,667m2产…     

西瓜新品种海农8号的选育

海农8号是用国外引进材料经系统选育获得的株系H-17与WK84-5杂交而成的西瓜一代杂种。果实规整美观,属长形花皮瓜,皮厚1cm左右,耐贮运,坐瓜能力强,商品瓜率高,瓜瓤红色脆沙,果实中心可溶性固形物含量11％～12％,边部9％～10％,中边梯度小,单瓜质量10kg左右,667m~2产量5 000kg左右,抗枯萎病兼抗炭疽病,耐重茬。目前已在全国各地种植约7 000hm~2。     

西瓜新品种绿之秀的选育

绿之秀是河南农业大学园艺学院以M-10为母本、L-38为父本杂交育成的二倍体西瓜品种。全生育期100d左右,果实发育期约29d。果实椭圆形,果形指数1.4左右,果皮绿色具网纹。红瓤,转色快,剖面均匀、美观,籽小而少,中心可溶性固形物11%,高者达12.5%,瓤质脆沙可口、多汁。果皮厚度1～1.2cm,皮硬,韧性好,耐贮运。植株长势稳健,第1朵雌花着生于8～10节,雌花间隔5节左右,坐瓜节位整齐;易坐瓜,膨瓜快。单果质量6～8kg,667m2产量高者在3500kg以上,是目前高产绿皮西瓜品种之一。适应性强,全国大部分西瓜主产区可栽培。2008年通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

安徽省临泉县李湖蔬菜研究所 大棚专用西瓜——春宝宝

<正>该瓜早熟性强,从雌花开放到成熟26~28天,花皮圆瓜,果形圆正,无畸形瓜,无次品瓜,是一极少见高档品种。该瓜有三大特点:一、品质高档,含水丰富,中心含糖13.5%,有入口即化之感,肉质脆嫩、高甜爽口,被瓜农称为冰糖西瓜,同样大小的西瓜可比其他品种重1~1.5kg。二、皮薄耐裂,克服了84-24西瓜极易裂瓜的现象,该瓜无论早期、中期、后期均不易裂瓜,皮薄6mm,成熟的西瓜上可站立100kg体重的人,而瓜不裂不烂。且瓜皮脆嫩、爽口、是极少见甜到皮的西瓜。三、肉色大红,克服了84-24西瓜瓤色淡红的缺点。不空心、不缺瓤,成熟的西瓜遇刀而开,水分外溢,口感爽口无比,甜到心。     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.