Identification of epitope(s) on the internal virion proteins of rinderpest virus which are absent from peste des petits ruminants virus.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) raised against the RBOK vaccine strain of rinderpest virus were characterized by radio-immunoprecipitation (RIPA) and in the indirect ELISA using measles (MV), distemper (CDV), rinderpest (RPV) and peste des petits ruminants viruses (PPRV). Those found to be specific for the matrix (M) protein and the nucleocapsid (N) protein could be classified into different groups on the basis of the anti-morbillivirus MAb classification scheme; a number of these MAb showed a selective recognition of RPV, measles virus and distemper virus, or of different isolates of rinderpest virus, demonstrating that greater inter-isolate variation occurs than was apparent from analyses using polyclonal antisera. One group of anti-F protein MAb (group F1) reacted with all isolates of both RPV and PPRV. A second group of anti-N protein MAb (group N1/A) reacted with all RPV isolates, but not with the PPRV isolates. Furthermore, these group N1/A antibodies reacted strongly with RPV isolates which were upon original isolation of high pathogenicity, but had a weaker reaction against the isolates of this virus which were of low pathogenicity. Thus, MAb against RPV, in particular those against the N protein offered a potential superior to that of molecular analyses for "isolate fingerprinting", the differentiation of RPV from PPRV and the discrimination between rinderpest viruses which had been, upon isolation, of either high or low pathogenicity.     

Comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein gene of peste des petits ruminants vaccine virus of Indian origin

The nucleotide sequences of the phosphoprotein (P) gene of peste des petits ruminants (PPRV) vaccine virus (PPRV Sungri/96) belongs to Asian lineage have been determined and the deduced amino acid sequences were compared with another vaccine strain PPRV/Nigeria75/1 and with those of the other morbilliviruses. The 1652 nucleotides of the P gene encode a phosphoprotein of 509 amino acid residues (from nucleotide numbers 60 to 1587), which is 91% identical to that of PPRV/Nigeria75/1. The C protein consists of 177 amino acid residues and is 91% identical with that of PPRV/Nigeria75/1. The conserved mRNA editing site (5'TTAAAAGGGCACAG) was present at positions 742-756 in the P gene, which is conserved in all other morbilliviruses. The CTT trinucleotide sequence is present at the N/P and P/M intergenic region, which is totally conserved in morbilliviruses. This will be the third sequence for the P gene of PPRV since that of the vaccine strain and a wild-type Turkish isolate has been published already.     

犬瘟热病毒N基因和M基因的克隆与序列分析

以从宠物临床上分离的犬瘟热病毒(canine distemper virus,CDV)总RNA为模板,根据GenBank中已报道的CDV核蛋白（N）、基质膜蛋白（M）基因序列,分别设计合成1对特异性引物,RT-PCR扩增N、M蛋白编码基因,并进行克隆与序列分析。结果显示,均扩增出预期大小的片段。扩增片段经核苷酸序列分析,N、M编码基因全长分别为1572、1008 bp,该CDV的N蛋白编码基因序列与Onderstepoort疫苗株、A75/17株的同源性分别为93.9%、97.6%,编码氨基酸的同源性分别为96.9%、98.7%;M蛋白编码基因序列与Onderstepoort疫苗株、A75/17株的同源性分别为94.5%、97.8%,编码氨基酸的同源性分别为97.9%、99.7%,这说明N、M蛋白均是保守性较强的结构蛋白,且同强毒株A75/17的亲缘关系要比Onderstepoort疫苗株更近。     

新城疫病毒TL1株M基因的克隆和序列分析

采用RT-PCR方法扩增了新城疫病毒(NDV)TL1株M基因,将扩增产物提纯后克隆入pGEM-T easy载体,通过酶切、PCR和测序验证克隆正确。测序拼接得出M基因的序列长度为1232 bp,该基因的ORF总长为1095 bp,编码364个氨基酸。与GenBank下载的15株参考毒株M基因比较,核苷酸同源性为85.2%~98.1%,编码的氨基酸同源性为85.8%~98.9%。NDV TL1产生M蛋白分子中有7对碱性氨基酸,5个保守的Cys残基,与鹅源新城疫SF02株、ZJ1株具有类似的特征。这些结果为揭示NDV TL1株的分子生物学背景,阐明NDV种间传播机制奠定了基础。     

番鸭源新城疫病毒F蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析

利用RT-PCR技术对番鸭源新城疫病毒FP1/02株的F蛋白基因进行分段扩增、定向克隆到pMD 18-T Simple Vector质粒载体，然后制定其核苷酸序列，拼接出F基因全序列．并推导出其相应的氨基酸序列。FP1／02株的F蛋白基因全长1690bp．编码553个氨基酸，其裂解位点的氨基酸序列为^112R-R-Q-K-R-F^112．具有强毒蛛特有的氨基酸序列结构特征。核苷酸序列分析结果表明，FP1／02株与其他不同源新城疫病毒毒株之间的核苷酸序列同源性为87.2%～93.3%.     

TGEV的sM、M和N基因克隆及特征分析

参照(3enBank中收录的TGEV sM、M和N基因序列各设计1对特异引物，经RT-PCR扩增获得了TS株的相应基因片段，分别约为346、932和1217bp，其大小与预计的目的片段相符。与其他毒株的相应基因相比较，并经剪接后，TS株的sM、M和N基因全长分别为248、789和1149bp，各编码82个、262个和382个氨基酸；TS株与Purdue株、TF1株和96-1933株的sM基因核苷酸序列同源性分别为95．2％、92．7％和90．2％；推导氨基酸的同源性分别为95．9％、97．2％、98．8％；与Purdue株、TFl株、TGEVH株和96-1933株的M基因核苷酸序列同源性分别为95．2％、98．0％、99．6％和95．0％；推导氨基酸的同源性分别为97．0％、97．3％、98．5％、93．5％；与Purdue株、TF1株、FS722／70株、Korea株、TO14株、TC；EVH株和96-1933株的N基因核苷酸序列同源性分别为98．1％、97．7％、99．0％、98．3％、99．2％、99．0％和95．9％，推导氨基酸的同源性分别为97．9％、98．4％、99．0％、97．7％、99．5％、96．2％、96．6％。并对TS株基因间的保守序列和sM、M和N基因及其编码的相应氨基酸的结构特征进行了分析，发现sM和N基因在TGEV中保守；并提示在我国不仅存在有2个不同亚基因型的TGEV，而且我国的TGEV可能是输入性的。     

犬瘟热病毒上海分离株M蛋白编码基因的克隆与序列分析

本研究以犬瘟热病毒(canine distemper virus,CDV)上海分离株的总RNA为模板,根据GenBank中已报道的CDV M蛋白基因序列,设计合成1对特异性引物,RT PCR扩增M蛋白基因,并进行克隆与序列分析。结果显示,CDV上海分离株M蛋白基因序列与CDV A75/17 株、Onderstepoort疫苗株等其它7株的同源性在95%以上;编码氨基酸的同源性也高于97%。推测M蛋白是一个保守性非常强的结构蛋白。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒辽宁分离株ORF5基因的克隆与序列分析

本试验以辽宁地区某猪场猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS)发病猪病料为材料,采用RT-PCR方法特异性扩增编码猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)GP5蛋白的ORF5基因全长cDNA,结果该分离株ORF5基因编码区长603bp,可编码200个氨基酸。与美洲型代表株VR2332、欧洲型代表株LV进行同源性比较,氨基酸同源性分别为89.5%和55.7%。推测该辽宁分离株属于美洲型。     

半番鸭源禽1型副粘病毒FM01株的分离鉴定与F蛋白基因分析

从表现类似新城疫症状的病死半番鸭中分离到1株病毒FM01株，经血凝及血凝抑制试验证实为禽1型副粘病毒、以SPF鸡胚测定其平均致死时间为113，4h，对1d雏鸡脑内接种致病指数为0．23，表明为温和型毒株。利用RT-PCR技术一次性扩增其F蛋白全基因，克隆到pMD 18-T质粒载体，测序后获得F基因全序列，并推导出其相应的氨基酸序列。FM01株的F蛋白基因完整的编码区全长1662bp，编码553个氨基酸，其裂解位点的氨基酸序列为112G-R-Q-G-R-L117，具有温和型毒株特有的氨基酸序列结构．与常见新城疫毒株的核苷酸同源性在88．4％～99.6％之间，氨基酸同源性在89．2％～99.1％之间。     

狂犬病鼠源野毒M株核蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析

从感染狂犬病的鼠脑中快速提取细胞总RNA，用RT—PCR方法得到编码核蛋白完整结构基因的cDNA，进一步将此基因克隆入pGEM—T中，进行核苷酸序列的测定，并推导出氨基酸序列，将这一序列与国内外已发表的9株狂犬病病毒的NP全基因进行比较分析。结果表明狂犬病鼠源野毒M株与上述9株的同源性在71．0％～99、8％之间，氨基酸同源性在77．6％～99．6％之间，M株与CVS株无论核苷酸序列还是氨基酸序列同源性都最高，分别为99．8％和99．6％，而与CTN珠的核苷酸序列同源性较低，与Mokola株的核苷酸序列以及氨基酸序列同源性都最低，分别为71．0％和77．6％。本研究为进行狂犬病病毒的分子流行病学调查和研制狂犬病基因工程苗提供了理论依据。     

Analysis of the matrix protein gene sequence of the Asian lineage of peste-des-petits ruminants vaccine virus

The M gene nucleotide sequence of an Indian peste-des-petits ruminants (PPRV) vaccine virus ("PPRV Sungri/96") belonging to Asian lineage was determined. The gene is 1476 nucleotides long with a single open reading frame (ORF). The nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence was compared with the homologous region of the African Lineage Vaccine virus "PPRV/Nigeria/75/1". The nucleotide sequence of the "PPRV Sungri/96" was 86% identical to that of "PPRV/Nigeria/75/1", while a homology of 93% and 95% could be observed in the ORF and amino acids level, respectively. The M gene encodes a protein of 335 amino acids, with a predicted molecular weight (MW) of 37.8 kDa. The ORF is flanked by a 3' untranslated region of 436 nucleotides and a high level of sequence divergence (approximately 30%) could be observed in this region between the vaccine viruses of Asian and African lineages. A high degree of conservation of several amino acids of this protein observed previously was also confirmed in this study.     

A competitive ELISA using anti-N monoclonal antibodies for specific detection of rinderpest antibodies in cattle and small ruminants.

A competitive ELISA (C-ELISA) using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which bind to the nucleo-protein (NP) of rinderpest virus (RPV) for detection of RPV antibodies in cattle and small ruminant sera is described. Unlike virus neutralisation test (VNT), this test using mAb IVB2-4, can detect specific RPV antibodies without showing a cross-reaction with antibodies to peste-des-petits ruminants-virus (PPRV); by contrast, when mAb VE4-1 is used the test detects both RPV and PPRV antibodies, including low levels of antibodies that can be found in sera containing maternal antibodies. Although antibodies to the PPRV 75-1 strain are also detected with mAb 51-5-6, the test is suitable for assessing the immune status of cattle against the Rinderpest Old Kabete (RBOK) strain. The results from a panel of sera with a known status of vaccination provide evidence for a highly significant correlation between C-ELISA and VNT. This test may be a useful tool for a standardized and accurate determination of the immunity status of both cattle and small ruminants.     

禽流感病毒A/Afri.Star/Eng-Q/983/79/(H7N1)血凝素基因的全序列分析

对反转录－聚合酶链反应扩增克隆的Ｈ７亚型禽流感病毒（ＡＩＶ）Ａ／Ａｆｒｉ．Ｓｔａｒ／Ｅｎｇ－Ｑ／９８３／７９／（Ｈ７Ｎ１）的血凝素（ＨＡ）基因进行了核苷酸序列分析。结果,克隆的ＨＡ基因共１７０７ｂｐ,包括完整的阅读框架;同源性分析表明该毒株起源于欧亚群系;ＨＡ裂解位点只有一个碱性氨基酸,显示典型的低致病力特征。Ｈ７亚型ＡＩＶＨＡ基因的克隆成功为分子诊断和基因工程疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

伪狂犬病病毒上海株gE和gI基因的克隆及序列分析

参考Genebank发表的伪犬病病毒（Pseudorabies Virus,PRV）的gI和gE基因序列，自行设计并合成了两对引物，对PRV上海株（PRV－SH）进行PCR扩增，产物经琼脂糖电泳分析，均呈现一条约960bp和1740bp的条带，将其克隆入pGEM-T-easy载体中，进行了序旬测定，将PRV－SH株的gI基因与Rice株gI基因比较发现,核苷酸的同源性为94.7%，氨基酸的同源性为91.3%，证实为gI基因，将PRV－SH gE基因序列与Ea株、Ruce株gE基因序列进行比较，结果显示，该序列与PRV Ea株、Rice株gE基因的同源性分别为98.5%、97.5%；的氨基酸序列与Ea株，Rice株和I型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV－1）17株gE的同源性分别为97.2%、94.8%和15.6%。     

三株广西狂犬病病毒NS基因和M基因的克隆与序列分析

本研究设计了一对特异性引物NSM1/NSM2,对三株广西狂犬病病毒NS和M基因同时进行了RT_PCR扩增、克隆和测序。同源性分析表明,三株广西野毒NS基因核苷酸同源性为87.2%~98.4%,M基因核苷酸同源性为90.1%~99.7%;与固定毒和狂犬病相关病毒比较,NS基因分别为79.9%~82.8%和69.7%~71.0%;M基因的分别为82.8%~87.8%和75.0%~77.8%。三株野毒NS基因氨基酸同源性为93.3%~98.7%,M基因氨基酸同源性分别为97.5%~100%。表明广西各地毒株之间亲缘关系不同,但最为相近;与狂犬病固定毒株亲缘关系较远;与狂犬病相关病毒亲缘关系最远。     

猪δ冠状病毒西安株M基因序列的信息分析

为研究猪δ冠状病毒(PDCoV)西安株M基因的遗传特征,以分离并鉴定的PDCoV西安株(CHN-XA18-35株)为材料,根据GenBank中已发表的PDCoV M基因保守序列设计引物,经RT-PCR扩增PDCoV西安株M全基因序列并测序,应用生物信息学方法对M基因进行分析。结果显示,CHN-XA18-35株M基因序列与其他地区PDCoV参考株的核苷酸同源性为98.47%~99.54%,推导的氨基酸序列同源性为97.24%~99.08%;CHN-XA18-35株与其他地区PDCoV参考株相比,M蛋白第189位氨基酸由异亮氨酸(IIe)突变为精氨酸(Arg);CHN-XA18-35株M蛋白的10-27、34-56、66-87位氨基酸属于跨膜区;跨膜区氨基酸多为疏水性氨基酸,且存在α-螺旋;潜在的B细胞抗原表位位于M蛋白的102-107 aa(LSPESR)、149-158 aa(NGISVRNPPQ)、200-209 aa(LHTITTSKAG)。结果表明,CHN-XA18-35株M蛋白第189位氨基酸发生了突变,其B细胞抗原表位与其他PDCoV株相比未发生改变。     

伪狂犬病病毒Bartha-K61株UL49基因的克隆和序列分析

根据已经发表的伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)国内Ea株UL49基因序列,设计并合成了1对引物,通过PCR方法扩增到了PRV Bartha-K61株UL49基因的编码区,并克隆到pMD18-T载体中.重组质粒pMD-UL49经XhoI酶切和PCR鉴定后,进行了序列测定和分析.结果表明,重组质粒pMD-UL49含有PRV Bartha-K61株UL49基因的编码区.同源性分析显示,PRV Bartha-K61株UL49基因序列与国外Kaplan株、国内Ea株相应基因的核苷酸同源性分别为98.9 %和94.1 %,推导的氨基酸序列同源性分别为96.7 %和87.2 %.     

Prokaryotic Expression and Bioinformatics Analysis of VP2 Gene of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus C4 Strain

This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between the virulence characteristics of infectious bursal disease virus(IBDV) C4 strain and its VP2 amino acid sequence. The RNA of IBDV C4 strain was extracted,and its VP2 gene was amplified by RT-PCR.VP2 nucleotide sequences and deduced amino acids of different virulent IBDV strains were compared. At the same time, prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a(+) was used to express the VP2 gene. The expression of recombinant VP2 protein was detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The results showed that the VP2 gene of IBDV C4 strain belonged to the very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) in evolutionary relationship, the VP2 nucleotides homology between IBDV C4 strain and other vvIBDV strains were 98.1% to 98.7%, and there were no mutations in S-W-S-A-S-G-S (326-332 amino acids) and 222(A), 256(I), 294(I) and 299(S). The VP2 amino acid sequence of IBDV C4 strain was consistent with the characteristics of other vvIBDV strains. However, there were three differences amino acids sites at 201(D/G), 281(G/R) and 313(V/A) between the amino acids of the C4 strain and the very virulent strain UK661. And the change of 281(R) was in the small hydrophilic region of 279 to 290, which was related to the antigenicity of the virus; The recombinant VP2 protein molecular weight expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 was about 67 ku. This study provided a basis for further research on antigenic changes resulting from amino acid variation of 201(G), 281 (R) and 313(A). These results indicated that the VP2 gene of the IBDV C4 strain was consistent with the major characteristics of the vvIBDV strain VP2 gene. The difference of three amino acid sites in the vvIBDV strain C4 might be related to the evolution of virulence of IBDV strain in China.     

传染性法氏囊病病毒C4毒株VP2基因的原核表达及生物信息学分析

试验旨在研究一株传染性法氏囊病病毒（IBDV）河南分离株的毒力特征及其与VP2氨基酸序列特征的关系。通过提取IBDV C4株RNA,利用RT-PCR扩增其VP2基因,与其他不同毒力IBDV毒株进行核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列比对分析,同时使用pET-32a（+）原核表达载体表达VP2基因,用SDS-PAGE和Western blotting检测重组VP2蛋白的表达。结果显示,扩增的IBDV C4株的VP2基因序列在进化关系上属于超强毒力IBDV（vvIBDV）分类,与选取的vvIBDV毒株代表毒株核苷酸序列同源性在98.1%~98.7%之间,其七肽区为S-W-S-A-S-G-S（第326-332位氨基酸）符合超强毒株特征,且222（A）、256（I）、294（I）和299（S）位氨基酸与超强毒力毒株的4个特征性氨基酸一致;但IBDV C4毒株的VP2蛋白氨基酸序列与超强毒力毒株代表毒株UK661相比,201（D/G）、281（G/R）、313（V/A）位氨基酸不同,其中281位氨基酸的改变处于279-290的小亲水区内,与病毒抗原性有关;构建的pET-32a（+）-VP2原核表达载体在大肠杆菌BL21感受态细胞上表达出分子质量约67 ku的重组VP2蛋白,为进一步比较201（G）、281（R）、313（A）位氨基酸差异导致的抗原特性改变提供了研究基础。本试验结果表明,IBDV C4株VP2基因与vvIBDV毒株VP2基因的主要特性一致,但也有3处氨基酸与代表毒株UK661存在差异,这些改变可能与中国IBDV毒株毒力的进化有关。