猪瘟淋脾毒(耐热保护剂)活疫苗的热稳定性研究

通过对3种不同配方的冻干保护剂和冻干曲线与猪瘟兔化弱毒相溶性的比较研究,成功研制了适用于猪瘟淋脾毒活疫苗的耐热保护剂.用这种保护剂生产的该疫苗经37 ℃保存10 d的耐老化试验及在2～8 ℃保存12个月后仍然符合产品质量标准的要求.经4 770余头份疫苗的田间试验,证明该产品安全、有效,且便于运输和使用,显示出良好的热稳定性能.     

猪瘟淋脾毒耐热保护剂活疫苗的中试生产及区域试验

按照拟定的猪瘟淋脾毒耐热保护剂活疫苗制造工艺在辽宁益康生物药品厂进行了5批该疫苗的中试生产,计15万头份,检验全部合格.在北京、河北等地选择9个猪场进行区域试验,共免疫3个品种约3万余头猪,均安全、未显现任何不良反应,跟踪观察,免疫过的猪未发生猪瘟,表明该疫苗安全有效.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒变异株(793/B)M基因与2种截短M基因的原核表达及鉴定

运用生物信息学技术推测鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)变异株(793/B)M基因的抗原位点,应用DNAStar软件针对M基因及其抗原表位片段设计3对引物,PCR扩增并成功构建了M基因的pGEX6p-M和2种截短M基因的pGEX6p-M1,pGEX6p-M2原核表达质粒,SDS-PAGE检测分别在50000,32000,29000处有特异性表达条带,表明GST-M,GST-M1,GST-M2重组蛋白获得成功表达;Westernblotting检测显示,GST-M和GST-M1重组蛋白能被鼠抗IBV(793/B)血清识别,而GST-M2重组蛋白不能被识别。GST-M与GST-M1重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性,初步证实M蛋白存在抗原表位,这为进一步研究IBV(793/B)M蛋白的免疫原性和制备基因工程疫苗提供了重要依据。     

An epidemiological model of rinderpest. II. Simulations of the behaviour of rinderpest virus in populations

Fixed parameters for different hypothetical strains of rinderpest virus (RV) and different susceptible populations are described together with details of their derivation. Simulations were then carried out in a computer model to determine the effects that varying these parameters would have on the behaviour of RV in the different populations. The results indicated that virulent strains of RV are more likely to behave in epidemic fashion whereas milder strains tend towards persistence and the establishment of endemicity. High herd immunity levels prevent virus transmission and low herd immunity levels encourage epidemic transmission. Intermediate levels of immunity assist the establishment of endemicity. The virus is able to persist in large populations for longer than in small populations. Different vaccination strategies were also investigated. In areas where vaccination is inefficient annual vaccination of all stock may be the best policy for inducing high levels of herd immunity. In endemic areas and in herds recovering from epidemics the prevalence of clinically affected animals may be very low. In these situations veterinary officers are more likely to find clinical cases by examining cattle for mouth lesions rather than by checking for diarrhoea or high mortalities.     

Use of the caprinised strain of rinderpest virus for potency testing an attenuated cell culture rinderpest vaccine

The caprinised strain of rinderpest virus was inoculated into goats to produce a challenge stock. These goats were kept with control animals (goats, sheep, calves). In this trial the caprinised strain was shown to have a mild pathogenicity for goats and it spread to one of two contact goats but not from goats to other species. The caprinised strain was then tested on cattle where a febrile reaction was observed. The caprinised strain also did not spread between cattle. The cattle vaccinated with a freeze-dried vaccine produced from the attenuated Kabete RBKO strain on bovine kidney cells were then challenged with the caprinised strain with good results.     

利用荧光定量RT-PCR法与间接免疫荧光法比较测定猪瘟兔化弱毒病毒含量

利用荧光定量RT-PCR技术与间接免疫荧光技术(IFA)对12份猪瘟兔化弱毒(ST细胞毒)病毒含量与毒价进行了测定,并与兔体反应热法测定结果进行了比较分析。结果显示:12份猪瘟兔化弱毒(ST细胞毒)可根据兔体感染量分为4组,各组间荧光定量RT-PCR法与IFA法测得的病毒含量间差异极显著(P<0.01);3种方法的检测结果间呈显著正相关性(γ>0.9)。研究结果提示:可用荧光定量RT-PCR技术结合IFA替代传统的兔体反应热法,高通量、快速、准确地测定猪瘟兔化弱毒病毒含量,其有助于简化疫苗检验工作并提高准确度。     

Identification of epitope(s) on the internal virion proteins of rinderpest virus which are absent from peste des petits ruminants virus.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) raised against the RBOK vaccine strain of rinderpest virus were characterized by radio-immunoprecipitation (RIPA) and in the indirect ELISA using measles (MV), distemper (CDV), rinderpest (RPV) and peste des petits ruminants viruses (PPRV). Those found to be specific for the matrix (M) protein and the nucleocapsid (N) protein could be classified into different groups on the basis of the anti-morbillivirus MAb classification scheme; a number of these MAb showed a selective recognition of RPV, measles virus and distemper virus, or of different isolates of rinderpest virus, demonstrating that greater inter-isolate variation occurs than was apparent from analyses using polyclonal antisera. One group of anti-F protein MAb (group F1) reacted with all isolates of both RPV and PPRV. A second group of anti-N protein MAb (group N1/A) reacted with all RPV isolates, but not with the PPRV isolates. Furthermore, these group N1/A antibodies reacted strongly with RPV isolates which were upon original isolation of high pathogenicity, but had a weaker reaction against the isolates of this virus which were of low pathogenicity. Thus, MAb against RPV, in particular those against the N protein offered a potential superior to that of molecular analyses for "isolate fingerprinting", the differentiation of RPV from PPRV and the discrimination between rinderpest viruses which had been, upon isolation, of either high or low pathogenicity.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒变异株(793/B)M基因的克隆与序列分析

根据GenBank已发表的传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)全基因组序列设计引物,对793/B型IBV分离毒株TA03M基因进行克隆与序列分析.结果表明,793/B型IBV的M基因由669 bp组成,与GenBank已发表的15株IBV的M基因相比较,793/B型IBV的M基因在第4～15位发生了3～12个核苷酸的缺失,对应1～4个氨基酸的缺失,共有30多处点突变.与其他各毒株M基因的核苷酸同源性为84.2%～93.6%,氨基酸同源性为82.1%～96.0%;进化分析显示TA03株与H52和IBN毒株之间的亲缘关系较近.该研究为进一步探讨793/B型IBV M基因(蛋白)在遗传变异和免疫等方面的作用奠定了理论基础.     

Protection of goats against peste-des-petits-ruminants with attenuated rinderpest virus

Goats vaccinated with attenuated rinderpest were protected from peste-des-petits-ruminants virus for at least 12 months; vaccinated animals were unable to transmit the challenge virus. Before challenge neutralising antibodies were directed primarily against rinderpest but following exposure to peste-des-petits-ruminants, a high antibody level to both viruses was found.     

Molecular cloning and characterization analysis of immunoglobulin M heavy chain gene in European eel (Anguilla anguilla)

In this study, the immunoglobulin M heavy chain gene of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) was cloned and analyzed. The full-length cDNA of the IgM heavy chain gene (GenBank accession no. EF062515) has 2089 nucleotides encoding a putative protein of 581 amino acids. The IgM heavy chain was composed of leader peptide (L), variable domain (VH), CH1, CH2, Hinge, CH3, CH4, and C-terminus and two novel continuous putative N-glycosylation sites were found close to the second cysteine of CH3 in A. anguilla-H1 and A. anguilla-H2. The deduced amino acid sequence of the European eel IgM heavy chain constant region shared similarities to that of the Ladyfish (Elops saurus), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Grass carp (Ctenopharingodon idella), Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), and the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) with the identity of 46.1%, 39.7%, 38.9%, 32.4%, 32.3%, 31.7%, and 30.7%, respectively. The highest level of IgM gene expression was observed in the kidney, followed by the spleen, gills, liver, muscle and heart in the apparently healthy European eels.