共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 375 毫秒
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漆树种子的休眠生理及催芽技术的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过解剖观察发现,漆树种子的外种皮是由栓质化细胞、栅状细胞和石细胞所组成,它们的不透水性是造成种子休眠期长的主要原因。通过种子提取物的生物鉴定和离体胚的发芽试验证明,胚和胚乳中均含有抑制物质,这是造成种胚生理休眠的根本原因。实验证明,用硫酸处理0.5~1小时,再层积15天以上,可以打破种子的休眠,也可用500~1000ppm的赤霉素处理代替层积。 相似文献
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为了解夏蜡梅种子形态结构和萌发特性,以其种子为研究对象,用体视显微镜结合石蜡切片法观察夏蜡梅种子形态和种胚的解剖结构,用称重法测定不同处理种子吸水率,并统计不同贮藏种子萌发情况。结果表明,夏蜡梅种子呈不规则纺锤状或长圆形,由种皮和胚两部分组成,属双子叶无胚乳种子;外种皮致密坚硬,深褐色、有光泽,透水能力较差,通过刻伤种皮,可显著提高吸水率;内种皮薄膜状,浅褐色,紧贴种胚;种胚发育较为成熟,白色或淡黄色,胚细胞富含淀粉粒,子叶发育良好,两片子叶相互卷合,胚芽分化不明显;湿沙冬藏处理可缩短种子萌发时间并显著提高发芽率,高达(72.22±6.44)%;刻伤种皮处理,可显著提高吸水率,从而打破休眠,提高其发芽率。研究表明,水分冲破种皮对破除夏蜡梅种子休眠和促进萌发极为重要。 相似文献
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石灰花楸种子休眠机理及解除方法 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对石灰花楸种子休眠解剖结构基础、休眠影响因素和解除方法的实验研究结果表明:石灰花楸种子由种皮和胚两部分组成,胚形态发育完全,种皮木质化程度较高、透气性障碍显著,在种皮和胚中均存在萌发抑制物质,休眠类型为综合性休眠(PY+PD).低温层积40~45 d,石灰花楸种子萌发率可达85%以上,是解除休眠的有效途径.种子去除不同部位种皮、种胚、种胚去除不同量子叶处理,萌发率为18.33%~51.67%,种子萌发后幼苗多不能正常生长;种子经各种浓度和时间梯度的NaOH、H2SO<,4>和GA<,3>处理,仅75%H2 SO<,4>处理5 min可以打破休眠,种子萌发率为25.67%. 相似文献
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《分子植物育种》2020,(16)
为探究常规晚粳稻品种休眠性的差异,本研究以‘浙粳96’、‘浙粳99’、‘秀水14’、‘秀水134’等96个常规晚粳稻品种为试验材料,通过测定不同贮藏时期的种子发芽势、发芽率,确定品种的休眠性。结果表明,供试材料休眠性差异较大,约13.6%的品种为浅休眠性。品种收获后60 d内的发芽势与发芽率呈极显著正相关(0.68~0.93),发芽率与休眠等级呈极显著负相关(-0.92~-0.37),发芽率与休眠期呈极显著负相关(-0.79~-0.56),休眠等级与休眠期呈极显著正相关(0.67);K-Mean聚类分析发现晚粳稻品种破除休眠可划分为4种类型,研究结果为常规晚粳稻新品种选育和生产应用提供参考。 相似文献
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浙江楠(phoebebe chekiangensis)是中国70年代新发现的樟科楠属新种,为国家重点保护的珍贵稀有树种。它的种子有休眠期,影响该树种的发展。试验结果,除去种皮能很好萌发,萌发率可达到100%.离体胚培养试验,种胚可以迅速萌发,发芽率达100%试验表明,浙江楠种子不属胚休眠,主要是种皮阻碍种子的充分萌发,种皮中虽含有ABA等抑制物质,但其种皮水浸提液并不影响已解除休眠及除去种皮的浙江楠种子的萌发。浙江楠种子的种皮透水性良好,而透气性差。当除去种皮后,其呼吸强度达1284.21微升氧气/10粒种子·小时,是完整种子呼吸强度的7.67倍。去种皮种子萌发的适宜温度为30℃。用室温层积(1.5~11.5℃)和变温层积(15~25℃,15~30℃变温,高温8小时,低温16小时)3周,同样可软化种皮,增强透气性,促进萌发,发芽率可达81.5~90%。变温层积效果比室温层积好,但在生产上,室温层积既经济又简便,易于推广应用。 相似文献
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在麦类种子收获、调运、入库、验级时,需要测定种子的发芽率。由于种子具有休眠性,如用标准法测定发芽率,其结果较低,不能表明种子的真实发芽率。怎样测定休眠期麦类种子的发芽率呢?下面介绍几种方法。一、切胚快速发芽法将新收获的麦类种子在常温下浸种8小时,待种皮软化后,随机数取200粒,用小刀沿麦粒腹沟从种胚正 相似文献
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The desi and kabuli chickpeas are characterized, among other things, by their seed coats being thicker in the desi than in the kabuli type. The inheritance of seed coat thickness, and its relation to flower colour and seed size, was studied. Seed coat thickness exhibits monogenic inheritance, the thin kabuli seed coat being the recessive character. Linkage was found between seed coat thickness and flower colour, the recombinant fraction being 0.19. No relationship was found between seed coat thickness and seed size. The role of these characters in the evolution of the chickpea is discussed. 相似文献
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南方红豆杉种子浸提液对油菜种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
摘要:本文研究了南方红豆杉种子的种皮和胚乳(含胚)的不同浓度甲醇浸提液对油菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。研究结果发现:种皮和胚乳不同浓度的提取液对油菜种子的萌发、幼苗的生长均存在一定的抑制作用。随着浸提液浓度的升高,油菜种子萌发率、幼苗的根长和茎长均逐渐下降。在相同的浓度中,油菜种子在胚乳浸提液中的萌发率比种皮浸提液低,油菜幼苗的根长在种皮浸提液中比胚乳浸提液中短。方差分析结果表明,不同处理组之间幼苗的根长存在显著的差异。结果表明红豆杉种皮和胚乳均有抑制物质存在,胚乳浸提液对油菜种子的萌发抑制作用较强,而种皮浸提液对油菜根长抑制作用强。 相似文献
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Seed coat wrinkling is a major factor affecting the germinability of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed produced in high-temperature environments, such as in the Early Soybean Production System of the midsouthern United States. Exposure of seed to high temperatures, coupled with alternating periods of wet and dry conditions, promotes seed coat wrinkling. This can predispose the seed to mechanical damage at harvest, further reducing germinability, and reducing the usability of the grain for seed beans. Previous studies identified a single recessive gene (shr) in a mutant line (T-311), located on chromosome 13 (linkage group F), which causes seed shriveling and seed coat wrinkling. The current study was undertaken to identify and genetically map new gene(s) that affect seed coat wrinkling. Crosses were made between a smooth-seeded accession (PI 567743) and a wrinkled-seeded accession (PI 87623). The parents, F1, F2, and BC1 generations were phenotyped for seed coat wrinkling in a greenhouse in Stoneville, MS during the summer of 2006. Genetic analysis indicated that the wrinkled seed coat trait in PI 87623 was inherited as a single recessive gene. A test for allelism, conducted in the greenhouse with a segregating F2 population derived from T-311?×?PI 87623, showed that the gene from PI 87623 is different from the shr gene in T-311. A field study of a larger population, derived from a reciprocal cross of the same parents, confirmed these results, but also suggested epistatic interactions between the genes. A linkage map was developed using 195 SSR and SNP markers on 168 F2 individuals of the cross PI 567743?×?PI 87623. Linkage analysis identified only one significant locus which was located on chromosome 5 (linkage group A1), confirming identification of a new gene that controls seed coat wrinkling in soybean. This study demonstrates genetic control of seed coat wrinkling, which offers the potential for selecting cultivars with less seed coat wrinkling for heat-stressed production environments. 相似文献
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黄精种子形态及发芽特性研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
研究了黄精果实及种子不同发育时期内源激素ABA含量的变化与收获种子类型,以及不同类型黄精种子形态、生活力、千粒重与发芽的相关性.结果表明:3种类型黄精种子属不同发育时期的种子,其外观形态和各种物理特性指标都存在一定差异,其中黄皮种子最大,长、宽平均值分别为4.372 mm和3.710 mm,活性较弱,发芽率45.16%;绿皮种子的千粒重、生活力、发芽率均最高,分别为35.6 g、85%和85.71%;黑皮种子基本没有生活力.说明绿皮种子质量最好,黄皮种子次之. 相似文献
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多花山竹子(Garcinia multiflora Champ)的繁殖研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对多花山竹子枝条插穗基部采用不同的切制方法和不同的激素水平处理,种子分剥皮和不剥皮两组进行不同激素水平处理后进行播种。研究表明:多花山竹子的扦插繁殖在各种条件下均较难成活;而种子在人工剥皮后用BA(50μl/L)处理后的繁殖效果最好。 相似文献
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通过对野生向日葵种子吸水速度试验和切去种子钝端1/4,去壳、去皮等处理,结果表明引起野生向日葵种子休眠的关键部位是种壳和种皮。种壳中的发芽抑制物质和种皮的透气性不良是种子休眠的主要原因。任何去除种壳和种皮的处理都能迅速有效地破除休眠促进萌发。 相似文献
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G. Ladizinsky 《Euphytica》1985,34(2):539-543
Summary Seeds of the cultivated lentil are capable of germinating shortly after maturation. The seed dormancy of wild lentil species is due to a hard seed coat. In crosses between the cultivated species L. culinaris and its wild progenitor L. orientalis the hard seed coat of the wild species was controlled by a single recessive gene in homozygous condition. In a cross between the wild species L. ervoides and L. culinaris the hard seed coat of L. ervoides was controlled by a single dominant gene. The significance of the genetics of seed coat hardness in the domestication of lentil is briefly discussed. 相似文献