共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
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2004-2005年,在陕西省洋县华阳镇首次对饲养朱鹮放飞前的野化训练进行了研究.在释放地建造一个封闭的大网笼作为野化场所,其中包含野生朱鹮生活的各种栖息环境.2年中各有12只朱鹮在网笼中进行野化训练.研究个体在释放到网笼之初有不同程度的惊吓飞撞反应,当天不能上树夜宿,亦不能进入水田觅食.野化过程中,朱鹮能较快适应网笼内的各种夜宿、觅食环境,并具有良好的飞行、警戒能力.野化前后期相比,朱鹮对水田和沼泽的选择比例以及日间行为节律有显著变化.亲鸟饲养幼鸟、模拟亲鸟饲养幼鸟和人工饲养成鸟对不同觅食地的选择性没有显著差异,但成鸟更容易接受深水环境,而幼鸟能更早上树夜宿.恰当的佩戴无线电发射器和减少人为干扰是野化过程中必须注意的问题. 相似文献
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天鹅为大型游禽 ,体长1200~1500毫米 ,全身羽毛洁白 ,雌雄相同 ,头颈长 ,在水面上经常伸直。嘴黑色 ,基部有明显的黄斑 ,前伸至鼻孔之下 ,跗跖、蹼、爪均为黑色。现介绍青城公园繁殖天鹅情况。一、饲养管理亲鸟为青城公园饲养多年的天鹅 ,1995年首次繁殖成功。青城公园地处北方 ,冬季特别寒冷 ,夏季酷热 ,为此建造的笼舍内舍面积为63平方米 ,水域面积为1950平方米 ,内舍前面有95平方米的水池和运动场 ,水域中间有12平方米的岛 ,四周种植树木 ,用以遮荫 ,给天鹅孵化创造环境。水域及鸟舍外围全部用栏杆加钢板网围住 ,… 相似文献
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通过对内蒙古大兴安岭林区落叶松鞘蛾发生区悬挂的鸟巢箱招引到食虫鸟的种类、取食量、筑巢率等基础性工作开展研究。研究结果显示,内蒙古大兴安岭林区落叶松鞘蛾的主要食虫鸟的种类有大山雀等8种,其中大山雀、沼泽山雀、普通?的筑巢率超过4%。甘河和乌尔旗汉年度食虫鸟平均筑巢率分别为32.7%和29%。每只益鸟每天取食落叶松鞘蛾30头,在一个育雏期间能消灭害虫约93 120头。首次证实了人工巢箱在自然状态下可有效使用6年。人工鸟巢箱防治区与未防治对照区相比,落叶松鞘蛾虫口减退率在14.53%~70%之间,平均达48.95%,经方差分析差异达5%显著水平。 相似文献
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指出了白腰鹊鸲是广泛分布于南亚和东南亚的雀形目鸣禽,其鸣声清脆悦耳,但目前中国还没有关于白腰鹊鸲的繁殖生态学研究。白腰鹊鸲繁殖期间是利用已有洞资源来筑巢的次级洞巢鸟,通过放置人工竹筒巢及繁殖期的观察,对白腰鹊鸲的巢址选择、窝卵数、卵情况、繁殖失败因素等进行了调查研究。结果表明:白腰鹊鸲的繁殖季为每年的3月下旬到7月下旬,繁殖高峰期为4~6月份;白腰鹊鸲窝卵数一般为4枚,单枚卵重3.18±0.27g;白腰鹊鸲一个完整的育雏周期为26±2 d,其中孵化周期为15±1 d,育雏周期为11±3 d。巢材的植物包括14科18属20种,主要营巢材料包括羽叶金合欢(Acacia pennata)、托叶黄檀(Dalbergia stipulacea)、铁刀木(Senna siamea)。巢址距道路最近距离为20.72±16.34 m,距离房屋最近距离为31.29±19.11 m,巢高为1.27±0.4 m。白腰鹊鸲巢失败的主要因素为巢被捕食。 相似文献
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以吉林省抚松县松江河镇野生长白山乌天麻为母本、陕西省汉中地区野生红天麻为父本选育的杂种天麻种子为材料,采用"接菌层法"和"接菌层法+早期覆膜"栽培法与"三下窝法"为对照进行栽培试验,结果表明:"接菌层法+早期覆膜"栽培技术平均总产量5.37 kg·m~(-2),比"接菌层法"栽培平均总产量3.63 kg·m~(-2)提高了47.93%,比"三下窝法"栽培平均总产量2.33 kg·m~(-2)提高了130.47%,杂种天麻有性繁殖采用"接菌层法+早期覆膜"法栽培可以极显著地提高单位面积产量。 相似文献
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Qing-ming wu Hong-fei ZOU Jian-zhang MA 《林业研究》2014,25(4):947-952
White-naped crane (Grus vipio) is a globally threatened spe- cies. It is very important to analyze its nest site selection in circum- stances where there are multiple disturbances, and also helpful to accu- mulate valuable information about this threatened species and supply scientific suggestions for conservation and management. We studied nest site selection and the effects of environmental variables on nesting habits of white-naped crane at Zhalong National Nature Reserve, Qiqihar City, Heilongiiang, China, during March-May of 2002-2008. White-naped crane responded and adapted to changes in the quality of the spatial environments of landscape and microhabitat under multiple environ- mental disturbances. Nest site selection included two scales and two choices, namely the choice of nest site habitat type within the macro-habitat scale and nest site micro-habitat selection within the mi- cro-habitat scale. Nest sites were recorded only in reed marshes. The choice of nest site micro-habitat included three basic elements and six factors, namely incubation element (nest parameters factor, incubation temperature factor and incubation humidity factor), safety element (pro- tection factor and concealment factor), and food element (water factor). Water, remnant reed clusters, and fire were major resource management challenges during the breeding period for the white-naped crane in this Reserve. 相似文献
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Koichi Sone 《Journal of Forest Research》2002,7(1):17-21
Predation hazard is one of the most important factors that affect foraging behavior. Light intensity is an indirect measure
of a predation hazard for nocturnal rodents. In 1988 and 1989, I conducted laboratory experiments to reveal the effects of
the predation hazard on foraging behavior of two species of field mice,Apodemus speciosus Temminck andA. argenteus Temminck (Rodentia: Muridae), which co-exist in many areas in Japan. I released a mouse into the experimental arena, where
I set one nest box and two food stations (one near and the other far from the nest box), and recorded the foraging behavior
for sixA. speciosus and sixA. argenteus mice. I planned to illuminate the experimental arena when the mouse left the nest box to mimic a predation hazard during
excursion. The light treatment decreased the time the mouse spend outside the nest box, the duration of an excursion, the
number of visits to the food station far from the nest box, and the number of peanuts handled at the food station far away.
Mice handled food more intensely at the food station near to the nest box and tended to carry more foods back to the nest
box and eat them there during the light treatment period than the control period. These behavioral changes, which seemed to
be adaptive to avoid the predation hazard in the field, were more apparent in smaller mice,A. argenteus, than larger mice,A. speciosus. 相似文献
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历山自然保护区30种鸟类繁殖特性及成效的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
1993年—1997年的4月—9月,对山西省沁水县中村地区,30种鸟类的自然繁殖特性及成效进行了观测研究。5年共观测到营巢成功巢150窝,产卵成功巢107窝,离巢成功巢86窝,巢外育幼成功巢56窝,成功率分别为83.80%,71.33%,80.30%和65.11%。影响鸟类繁殖成效的主要因素是人为活动的干扰。 相似文献
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日本花柏不同立地条件下生长差异研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
为解决湖北省木材和林产品严重供应不足问题,在湖北省竹山县九华山林场开展了日本花柏引种研究,在6个不同立地条件下,日本花柏的生长差异结果表明:(1)立地条件对植物生长的影响主要是通过其对水分和太阳辐射的差异分布而引起的;(2)不同植物种对高矿化度咸水灌溉适应性不同,适应性因土壤母质条件的差异而变化。 相似文献
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