共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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氮素营养可调节水稻叶片衰老过程中叶绿素降解的缓降期和迅降期。缺氮促使迅降期提前,而对迅降期中叶绿素降解的速率无影响。在缓降期内恢复供氮可使叶绿素和蛋白质含量恢复到对照(正常供氮)的同期水平。 叶片衰老时内源ABA含量增加。缺氮促使内源ABA急剧上升;恢复供氮可延缓衰老,同时推迟ABA含量的上升。衰老过程中叶绿素、蛋白质含量下降的速度与内源ABA含量的上升呈极显著的负相关。 氮素除作为营养物质外,可通过对叶片内源ABA水平的调节,延缓衰老的进程。 相似文献
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运用盆栽试验研究了不同衰老类型小麦籽粒形成期间的光合特征及氮肥的调控作用。结果表明,绿熟型小麦莱州953具有后期光合强度高、叶绿素和绿叶面积下降缓慢、后期籽粒形成比例高等特征。氮素可提高小麦生育后期的叶片光合速率,增加叶绿素含量、叶绿面积,减缓光合速率和叶绿素下降速度,延缓光合能力的下降。氮素对莱州953的调节作用比鲁麦14显著。 相似文献
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施硼对花生利用氮素的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用15N示踪技术研究施硼对砂地花生氮素吸收的影响。试验结果表明,在含硼量很低的细质砂土上,施硼促进花生的生长发育,提高荚果产量;促进花生对氮素的吸收,提高氮肥利用率;施硼促进根瘤生长发育,提高固氮能力。收获期土壤中残留肥料氮主要以有机态氮为主,且分布于0-20cm土层中。 相似文献
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稀土对花生光合作用和氮素代谢的影响 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:17
花生苗期和花针期喷施300mg/l稀土溶液,可提高叶片叶绿素含量和净光合强度;对根瘤固氮活性和叶片硝酸学原酶活性均有显著的促进作用;提高了叶片铵态氮和全氮含量,降低了硝态氮含量,从而改善了植株的碳氮代谢,达到增加花生荚果产量,提高种子蛋白质含量的目的。 相似文献
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《吉林农业科学》2014,(5):48-52
以辽北地区水稻品种铁粳9号为试材,分析了水稻产量及氮素利用率对氮素调控的响应。结果表明:同一基蘖穗肥比例下,随施氮量增加,有效穗数增加,千粒重降低,总吸氮量提高,氮素生理利用率和氮素收获指数降低,氮素回收率以中氮水平居高;同一施氮量下,前氮后移有利于提高有效穗数、千粒重和产量,总吸氮量、氮素回收率和氮素收获指数增加,氮素生理利用率降低;施氮量210 kg/hm2、基肥∶蘖肥∶穗肥为4∶3∶3是最佳氮素调控模式,其产量达到最高为9494.8 kg/hm2,较其他施氮处理提高0.6%~10.6%;适宜施氮量和前氮后移,能够协调产量构成因素,增加产量,提高氮素利用效率,降本增效。 相似文献
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不同形态氮肥对花生氮代谢及氮积累的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以花育22号为试验材料,在桶栽条件下,采用15N同位素示踪技术,研究了不同形态氮肥对花生氮代谢及氮积累的影响。结果表明,施用酰胺态氮的花生叶片,其硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶及谷氨酸脱氢酶活性最高,硝态氮对硝酸还原酶活性的促进作用次于酰胺态氮,但明显高于铵态氮,硝铵混合态氮则介于硝态氮与铵态氮之间。铵态氮对谷氨酰胺合成酶及谷氨酸脱氢酶活性的促进作用次于酰胺态氮,但明显高于硝铵混合态氮和硝态氮。不同形态氮肥对花生氮积累表现为:酰胺态氮铵态氮硝铵混合态氮硝态氮。表明生产中施用酰胺态氮有利于花生氮代谢及氮吸收。 相似文献
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叶片衰老将导致细胞内部激素失调、光合能力下降等,作物产量提高也因此受限。6-BA是一种CTKs类物质。它可作为活性氧清除剂使叶片衰老得以延迟。不同作物种类对6-BA的衰老延缓效果也不同。通过外施或增加体内CTKs的含量都能增强作物抗逆性和提升作物产量。通过基因工程的方法调节内源CTKs含量从而延缓叶片衰老的发展前景广阔。 相似文献
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不同氮、钾水平对花生农艺性状及产量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用相同磷肥条件下,氮肥三水平、钾肥两水平的随机区组设计,研究氮、钾肥之间的相关性及对花生农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明,在666.7m2基施磷肥(P2O5)15 kg的基础上施氮(纯N)20 kg、钾(K2O)20 kg的高氮高钾处理(N20K20)产量最高,其次是中氮高钾(N15K20)处理;中氮高钾(N15K20)配合有利于荚果的发育,饱果数增加,秕果数和烂果数减少,并提高群体的抗倒伏能力。氮磷利用的协同性大于氮钾的协同性,磷钾的协同性大于氮钾的协同性;三者与产量的相关性依次为:钾最高,磷次之,氮最低。 相似文献
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Relationships Between Balance of Nitrogen Supply-Demand and Nitrogen Translocation and Senescence of Different Position Leaves on Rice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
By removing panicles and spikelets, the effects of nitrogen supply-demand balance (NSDB) onnitrogen transiocation and senescence of leaves at different positions of the same stem in rice plant werestudied. The results showed that under NSDB<0 (CK), nitrogen translocation and senescence of the top 4leaves was normal. Nitrogen exported from the top leaves (LFT) especially the top 4 leaves decreased remar-kably with increase of NSDB, thus, their MDA contents and differences in color (SPAD value) decreased,while the activities of SOD and CAT increased. Under NSDB>0 (panicle removal), N accumulation of the top4 leaves increased significantly, and the leaf senescence process was delayed. The results also indicated that thecolor of the 4th LFT was mainly affected by NSDB among the top 4 leaves and was lighter than the 3rd LFTwhen nitrogen supply was insufficient for the sink need. 相似文献
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LI Xiang-dong WANG Xiao-yun YU Song-lie ZHANG Gao-ying WAN Yong-shan LI Jun 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2002,1(4):410-416
The changes of photosynthetic properties and cell microstructure in peanut leaves during leaf senescence were studied with two high-yielding peanut cultivars (cv. Luhua11 and Fu8707). The main results showed that during the whole process of leaf growth and senescence, changes in the photosynthesis rate (Pn)and contents of chlorophyll in leaves, could be described with a parabolic function, y = A + Bx + Cx2 (where y refers to the values of the above parameters and x to the days after leaf unfolding). During peanut leaf senescence, the shape of chloroplast changed gradually from long ellipses to circles. The starch globule in chloroplast altered gradually from more and larger sizes to fewer and smaller, but the oil globule from fewer and smaller to more and larger. The grana lamellae varied progressively: from thinness and length to thickness and shortness; from ranking along the long axle direction of chloroplast to disorderly arrangment and finally blurring.At last, the membrane envelope of chloroplast broke, so the inclusion seeped out to the cell and the chloroplast broke up. 相似文献