大苗冻土移植法

这项工作一般在秋季进行，主要是确定移栽地点，移植树种及其规格，决定起苗土坨和栽植坑大小，调查了解移植大苗所在地和移植地点的土壤情况。苗木最好是本地供应，且移植地的土壤气候条件与大苗所在地的土壤、气候条件相似或一致，这样有利于施工或成活。移植苗木的规格是：杨、柳等速     

油松大苗移植技术

大苗移植是加快造林绿化步伐的有效途径,但是大苗移植难以成活.从油松形态特征和生物学特性、移植苗木的选择、苗圃地选择以及移植方法等方面,介绍了油松大苗移植技术.     

沈氏栎试管苗驯化及移植条件研究

通过对沈氏栎试管苗驯化及移植条件研究,证实较为理想的驯化条件是:光照强度为3 000～3 200lx,相对湿度为90%～100%,基质为蛭石,生根条数与成活率呈正相关,最佳驯化季节为春季3、4月;驯化苗圃地移植的理想季节为夏季5、6月,移植条件为50%遮阳网遮荫+微膜覆盖保湿。     

裸根阔叶树大苗的移植

移植大苗绿化已经成为提高城市绿化效益的主要途径。在传统的大树移植中 ,多采用带土球移植 ,但许多地方由于土壤条件和交通条件的影响 ,带土球移植难度较大 ,只能采用裸根移植方式。1　裸根大苗移植方式裸根大苗移植是指胸径在 6ｃｍ以上的大树裸根移栽。通常采用去掉树冠 ,保     

移植苗培育要点

移植．是培育大苗的理想方法．通过移植．可促进侧根、频根的生长。加大了根茎比，起苗时根系不易受伤．栽植成活率高。     

油松大苗移植

油松大苗移植 ,是尽快达到绿化目的 ,早期收到防护效益的一种多、快、好、省的方法。下面介绍其移植方法 :一、选好植树地点和植树时间油松是一种喜光的阳性树种。它对土壤要求不高 ,但在干旱地区ＰＨ值超过８．２时生长不良。对水要求一般 ,油松根系呼吸要求良好的土壤通气状况 ,如果水分过多 ,土壤粘结而透气不良 ,油松早期就会出现干梢 ,尤其不能在季节性积水的地方生长。根据不同目的和要求 ,树高２米的株行距以２ ２（米）为宜 ;树高３米以上的株行距以３ ３米或３ ４米为宜。然后划好线 ,定好点便可挖坑。油松大苗移植最好是冬季 ,…     

大苗桂花庭院移植技术

桂花树是木樨科木樨属的一种常绿乔木，种类有丹桂、银桂、四季桂、金桂等品种，花极香，为庭院著名绿化树种。但其生长较慢，为了更快、更好地绿化庭院，美化环境，大苗移植很有必要。其移植技术是：一、大苗选择被选为移植的大苗桂花，要求生长健壮，侧枝较多，无病虫害，主枝胸径6厘米较为合适。太小则达不到快速绿化庭院、美化环境的作用，太大则移植成本过高。二、移植时间春、秋、冬3季均可移植，但以春季最为合适。三、大苗挖掘和切枝根据桂花树的大小，桂花树基部50~100厘米处开挖，将其侧根适当截断，主根保留50厘米以上。然后用稻…     

油松大苗移植技术

油松大苗是山西省城镇绿化的重要乡土树种之一,如何提高油松大苗移植成活率,对改善生态环境,提高绿化投资效益具有十分重要的意义。本文通过作者实践,阐述了油松的生态学特性,移植苗木的选择和移植技术,强调了移植苗后期管理要点,对指导生产具有一定的意义。     

樟树等三个阔叶树种芽苗移植选优试验

芽苗移植选优试验表明，樟树有优于刺槐、杜英等阔叶树种的特性。樟村芽苗属子开留土型幼苗，长到高2cm以上，在每年的4～6月份还能带籽移植，留土的胚乳及子叶在芽苗移植后，还能长时间供给幼苗萌发的养分，不打荫棚进行全光移植，成苗率也在85％左右。而杜英、刺槐属子叶出土型幼苗，在打荫棚的情况下，杜英能达到樟树全光移植的成苗率，在不打荫棚情况下，杜英成苗率低至20％以下。刺槐介于樟树与杜英之间。推广类似樟树子叶留土型的芽苗育苗直至植苗造林，都有积极的意义。     

扁桃原生地苗移植成活率研究

指出了扁桃是热带与南亚热带地区最优良的园林常用树种之一,但对其原生地苗直接移植的成活率通常很低。采用树杆全包裹移植技术(含截顶束泥浆技术),与传统的树杆半包裹移植技术,以及无树杆包裹保护的移植方式,进行了移植成活率的对比研究。结果表明:“树杆全包裹技术”相比“树杆半包裹技术”与树杆无包裹保护的移植方式,可以明显提高成活率,扁桃树胸径越小,它提高成活率的优势也越明显,并且可以减少淋水养护人工50%以上,但有些提高成活率的技术措施仍有待完善。     

樟子松苗木移植与留植成活生长关系的研究

通过对樟子松苗木移植与留植后成活及生长情况的调查比较,结果表明:樟子松移植一般采用1 年生苗木,采用不合格苗木将显著降低移植成活率;樟子松苗木出圃前要灌足封冻水,才能保证移植苗的成活率,在移植实践中苗木含水率与移植苗成活率呈正相关;不能忽视苗木的保湿,在移植过程中尽可能做到随起苗随运输随栽植(将苗木蘸好泥浆),缩短苗木在外裸露的时间。     

Survival and growth of drought hardened <Emphasis Type="Italic">Eucalyptus pilularis</Emphasis> Sm. seedlings and vegetative cuttings

Forestry requires low mortality of transplanted seedlings. Mortality shortly after planting is often associated with inadequate hydration of transplants. Seedlings can be hardened to the drought conditions they may experience after transplanting by exposing them to controlled drought conditions in the nursery. Eucalyptus pilularis Sm. seedlings were drought hardened by providing nil (severe treatment) or half (mild treatment) the daily irrigation routinely received (control treatment) for up to two non-consecutive days per week during the last 4 weeks of growth in the nursery. Drought hardening reduced stem diameter, seedling leaf area, leaf area per root biomass and seedling quality measured by the Dickson quality index, but increased root:shoot ratio. Hardened seedlings had lower stomatal conductance and leaf water potential on the days they received less irrigation that the control treatment. Hardened seedlings had greater stomatal conductance and were less water stressed than seedlings experiencing drought for the first time indicating hardened seedlings had adjusted physiologically to drought. Survival after transplanting in the controlled drought environment in a glasshouse was enhanced by the hardening treatments. Non hardened seedlings that had had their upper leaves manually removed immediately prior to transplanting to reduce leaf area (top-clipped) had similar survival to hardened seedlings. Stomatal conductance and leaf water potential after transplanting were higher in hardened and top-clipped seedlings than unhardened control seedlings or vegetative cuttings. Survival in the field trial was over 95% for all treatments, possibly as rain fell within 4 days of planting and follow-up rain occurred in the subsequent weeks. Neither the hardened or top-clipped seedlings planted in the field trial had reduced growth, increased propensity to form double leaders or worse stem form than control seedlings when measured at age 3 years.     

Chilling-dependent photoinhibition,nutrition and growth analysis of Eucalyptus nitens seedlings during establishment

Effects of chilling-dependent photoinhibition on gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, growth and nutrition of Eucalyptus nitens (Deane and Maiden) Maiden seedlings were assessed for 70 weeks after transplanting 9-month-old seedlings in early winter. One month before transplanting, the seedlings were assigned to fertilized or nutrient-deprived treatments. Immediately after transplanting, half the seedlings in each nutrient treatment were placed in shadecloth tree shelters. The experimental site was at an altitude of 700 m, which is considered marginal for the establishment of E. nitens plantations in Tasmania because of low mean annual minimum temperatures. Overnight frosts followed by sunny morning conditions in the first 20 weeks after transplanting (early June to early October) caused severe photoinhibition. Predawn maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and maximum net photosynthesis (Amax) were depressed in nutrient-deprived seedlings compared with fertilized seedlings, although shading partially alleviated this difference. Neither Fv/Fm nor Amax recovered to values observed before transplanting until > 20 weeks after transplanting. During this period, non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) was high in seedlings in all treatments, although NPQ was lower in shaded, fertilized seedlings than in seedlings in the other treatments. Total foliar nitrogen (N) concentration increased up to 42 weeks after transplanting in the nutrient-deprived seedlings in parallel with increasing relative growth rate (RGR). Fractionation of N- and phosphorus (P)-containing compounds indicated that differences in protein N accounted for the treatment differences in total seedling N. Nucleic acid P increased and inorganic P decreased during growth periods, although total seedling P remained constant. Among treated seedlings, height growth was greatest in shaded seedlings: this was probably a result of apical dominance effects because RGR was higher in unshaded seedlings than in shaded seedlings. Thus, the shade treatment alleviated chilling-dependent photoinhibition and maximized growth during winter, but limited growth during warmer periods and therefore overall growth.     

3种方法培育杨大苗试验

通过采用留植、移植、剪根移植3种不同方法培育杨大苗的试验,结果表明:3种方法培育的杨大苗质量有明显区别。留植苗在苗高、地径上有优势,但根系不好,侧根数少,主侧根过粗,起苗时易造成机械损伤,造林不易成活;而移植苗较留植苗质量有所改善,侧根数增多,起苗时机械损伤较少,造林易成活;最好的是剪根移植苗,克服了以上2种方法所有弊病,苗木质量优良,造林成活率高。     

蒙古栎人工更新技术的研究

通过对蒙古栎直播造林、植苗造林的试验研究,结果表明:直播造林,蒙古栎的生长量较小,受晚霜危害严重;植苗造林要以栽植1年实生苗,选择具有一定上层木、郁闭度在0.2左右、坡度在10°左右山的中上腹造林最佳。植苗造林喷施叶面肥可提高生长量27%;修枝可提高生长量11%以上。     

麻疯树组培苗的生根及移栽技术研究

以麻疯树优良无性系组培苗为试验材料,研究了基本培养基、蔗糖、活性炭、IBA、NAA、温度及光照等对组培苗生根的影响;研究了移栽季节和基质对组培苗移栽成活率的影响。结果表明,麻疯树生根的最适基本培养基是3/4 MS＋蔗糖20 g＋活性炭0.05 g/L;最佳激素配方是3/4 MS＋IBA1.0 mg·L-1＋NAA0.2 mg·L-1;最适温度为25℃～30℃;光照为2 000 Lux～3 000 Lux;最佳移苗时间为春季（3月～4月）,移栽成活率达80.5%;泥炭土：黄心土=3：1的基质是最适合的移栽基质。     

不同移栽时期对‘凤丹’牡丹植株生长效应及其综合评价

【目的】探究‘凤丹’牡丹种苗的最适移栽时期,为其丰产栽培技术提供参考。【方法】以3年生‘凤丹’牡丹实生种苗为试验材料,设置8个移栽时期,通过大田对比试验,分析移栽后根系活力、叶片光合性能及生物量的变化;采用主成分分析和综合评价的方法对不同移栽时期的成苗效果进行评价。【结果】移栽期可能通过移栽时气温、土壤温度和移栽后土壤积温等环境因素影响‘凤丹’牡丹新根和植株的发育,适时移栽显著促进牡丹苗体的生长发育。在不同的移栽时期,‘凤丹’牡丹植株生长期间的新根总数、木质化新根数、根系活力、叶面积、叶片SPAD值、净光合速率、枝条粗度、根生物量、枝条生物量、总生物量和壮苗指数均有一定差异,而枝条长度和根冠比没有显著差异。9月29日与11月28日移栽相比,单株木质化新根质量和叶面积分别增加了90.26%和51.22%,根系活力和净光合作用速率分别提高了93.53%和60.98%,单株生物量增加了46.00%。经通径分析、主成分分析和综合评价表明:9月29日移栽的‘凤丹’牡丹成苗效果最好。【结论】本研究依据植株生物量、壮苗指数与移栽期气象环境要素的依赖关系,明确9月中旬至10月下旬,日均气温15~20℃气侯条件,是‘凤丹’牡丹的最适移栽期。     

尾巨桉萌芽更新不同密度处理对林分初期生长的影响

对尾巨桉不同处理更新3.2a生林分的生长调查,分析结果表明:在密度1 110株/hm2时,植苗更新林分平均胸径比萌芽更新林分高6.8%;平均单株材积比萌芽更新高11.4%;萌芽更新林分平均胸径随保留密度的增大而减小,方差分析结果表明不同处理尾巨桉林分胸径生长有极显著差异。萌芽更新林分平均单株材积随保留密度的增大而减小,萌芽保留1 110株/hm2平均单株材积比2 100株/hm2减小26.5%。在相同密度1 110株/hm2时,植苗更新林分每公顷蓄积比萌芽更新高23.1%。萌芽更新林分单位面积蓄积随密度的增大而增大,林分密度2 100株/hm2的林分每公顷蓄积量比密度1 110株/hm2高53.7%。     

四翅滨藜的引种试验及栽培技术研究

在气候干燥、寒冷的西北地区 ,引进具有耐干旱、贫瘠 ,抗寒冷 ,抗盐碱等多种优良特性的常绿或准常绿饲料灌木四翅滨藜 ,经过 2a生长全过程的栽培试验 ,观测结果表明 :在不同土壤类型下 ,新梢生长量、扦插育苗的成活率、保存率都表现出差异性。但移栽苗的成活率、保存率差异不大 ,表现出较强的适应性。而在中、强盐碱性土壤、(粗 )砂土中仍能正常生长 ,但新梢生长量低 ,分枝减少     

四倍体刺槐组培瓶苗生根培养及生根苗移栽研究

四倍体刺槐是从韩国和匈牙利引进的大叶速生刺槐人工诱变的四倍体树种，具有速生、叶大、条粗、枝密、抗性强等特点，生长速度是普通刺槐的2倍以上。利用不同质量的组培瓶苗为材料，选取最佳生根状态的组培瓶苗进行生根培养和生根苗移栽试验，成功地筛选出生根培养基激素和生根苗移栽基质的最佳组合，建立了四倍体刺槐的再生系统。