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1.
条纹锯鮨肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
对条纹锯鮨(Centropristis striata)肌肉营养成分进行测定分析,并初步评价其营养价值。结果表明:条纹锯鮨肌肉中(鲜样)粗蛋白、粗脂肪、水分、灰分、无氮浸出物含量分别为17.30%、4.52%、67.90%、5.60%、4.68%;该鱼肌肉中共检出17种氨基酸,总量为54.57%(干样),其中必需氨基酸总量为22.59%,占氨基酸总量的41.38%,与非必需氨基酸的比值为70.59%,必需氨基酸构成比例符合FAO/WHO标准;根据AAS,条纹锯鮨的第一限制性氨基酸为缬氨酸,第二限制性氨基酸为苏氨酸;而根据CS,其第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸,第二限制性氨基酸为缬氨酸;必需氨基酸指数为50.44;氨基酸的支芳值为2.2;4种鲜味氨基酸总量为20.68%,占氨基酸总量的37.90%;不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的48.82%,其中EPA与DHA含量分别为2.93%和5.46%;矿物质含量丰富,含有较高的钾、钙、磷,铜铁锌的比值较为合理。综合分析认为,条纹鮨始是一种营养价值和经济价值都较高的鱼类。  相似文献   

2.
选择10个家系的Ⅲ世代荷包猪40头肥育试验,屠宰20头测定胴体品质、肉质性状和组织成分等。测定结果表明,荷包猪肉色评分为3.36分、大理石纹评分为3.56分、滴水损失(2小时)为1.38%、肌内脂肪含量为5.12%、肌肉剪切力为2.76kg、肌纤维直径为50.91μm、鲜味氨基酸占氨基酸总量的78.44%、必需氯基酸占氧基酸总量的40.14%、饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量的36.8%、不饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量的61.99%  相似文献   

3.
对用含蛋白质45%的配合饲料饲养的东北六须鲇的肌肉营养成分进行了分析。结果表明:东北六须鲶肌肉鲜样中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和水分的含量(均为质量分数)分别为16.47%、2.36%、和79.94%;新鲜肌肉中17种氨基酸的总量为15.74%,其中8种人体必需氨基酸为7.68%,必需氨基酸的构成比例基本符合FAO/WHO的标准,氨基酸评分(AAS)和A/E值均显示,东北六须鲶蛋白质的第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸和胱氨酸;脂肪酸中含有高比例(25.6%)的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),高于其它名优养殖鱼类。  相似文献   

4.
为研究去势对乌蒙凤鸡肌肉品质的影响,本试验选取体重约500 g的45日龄乌蒙凤鸡300只,公母各半,公母组均随机平均分成对照组与试验组,试验组使用手术法摘除睾丸或卵巢,对照组进行假手术。分别于180、240日龄和300日龄屠宰测定肌肉物理性质,每组各日龄随机筛选公、母鸡各3只测定其他肌肉品质相关指标。结果表明:去势对乌蒙凤鸡肉品质物理指标均无显著影响;去势增加公、母鸡肌苷酸及游离氨基酸含量(P<0.01),对公、母鸡肌内脂肪含量无显著影响,去势仅导致180日龄试验组公鸡粗蛋白降低及粗脂肪含量升高(P<0.05);去势降低公鸡肌纤维直径与面积(P<0.01),提高公鸡肌纤维密度(P<0.01),去势对母鸡肌纤维特性的影响与公鸡一致,母鸡随日龄增长,去势的影响逐步降低(P<0.05),说明去势可有效改善乌蒙凤鸡肌肉品质。  相似文献   

5.
郭建凤  王继英  张印  武英 《养猪》2009,(3):25-27
研究测定了专门化品系ZFY猪肥育性能、胴体性能、肉质性状及背最长肌、腰大肌、后腿肉氨基酸、脂肪酸含量。结果表明,ZFY系猪30—100kg日增重818.87g,料重比2.40;胴体性能较高,肉质良好,屠宰体重103.43kg,胴体瘦肉率67.75%,肉色3.45、大理石纹3.45,pH6.60,肌内脂肪1.55%。每100g背最长肌、腰大肌及后腿肉的氨基酸总量和鲜味氨基酸含量都以背最长肌最高,分别比腰大肌和后腿肉提高2.70%(P〉0.05)和1.95%(P〉0.05)、1.03%(P〉0.05)和1.66%(P〉0.05);必需氨基酸含量、鲜味氨基酸和必需氨基酸分别占氨基酸总量比例都以腰大肌最高,分别比背最长肌和后腿肉提高0.19%(P〉0.05)和0.66%(P〉0.05)、1.79%(P〉0.05)和1.50%(P〉0.05)、2.85%(P〉0.05)和1.42%(P〉0.05)。棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸和亚油酸4种脂肪酸含量3个部位间差异不显著。肌肉脂肪以后腿肉含量最高,分别比背最长肌和腰大肌提高91.94%(P〈0.05)、112.5%(P〈0.05);肌肉蛋白质含量以腰大肌最高,分别比背最长肌和后腿肉提高0.22%(P〉0.05)、1.64%(P〉0.05);肌肉干物质含量以后腿肉最高,比背最长肌和腰大肌分别提高5.19%(P〉0.05)、4.67%(P〉0.05)。  相似文献   

6.
对雪峰乌骨鸡3个亚群体和杂交培育的乌骨鸡群体(黑色丝羽)屠宰后取其胸部肌肉,进行蛋白质、氨基酸和矿物元素含量的测定和比较分析,结果表明:4个亚群体间不同羽色、不同性别的乌骨鸡胸肌蛋白质和氨基酸含量差异不显著,所测定的16种氨基酸中相对含量较高的是谷氨酸(3.297%~3.673%),天门冬氨酸(2.985%~3.150%)和赖氨酸(2.271%~2.587%)。培育乌骨鸡品系胸肌蛋白质和Ca含量高于雪峰乌骨鸡。  相似文献   

7.
养殖暗纹东方Dun鱼体粗蛋白与氨基酸的分析研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文对暗纹东方的1龄鱼(体重40~80g),2龄鱼(体重200~300g)的粗蛋白及氨基酸进行了分析。结果表明:1龄鱼的粗蛋白含量比2龄鱼高8.15%(占干物质)。1龄鱼的氨基酸总量比2龄鱼高3.53%〉测定的18种氨基酸中,1、2龄鱼均以谷氨酸的含量为最高,分别为氨基酸总量的15.08%和15.05%,非常接近,在必需氨基酸中,除了2龄鱼的赖氨酸、精氨酸的含量明显高于1龄鱼外,其余氨基酸人组成和  相似文献   

8.
为了研究中草药超微粉剂与茶多酚配制的复合添加剂对猪生产性能及猪肉品质的影响,试验选用15kg左右的杜洛克、长白、山西白猪的三元杂交猪后代40头进行试验,随机分为5组,每组8头,分别采用A组中草药超微粉0.75%;B组中草药超微粉0.5%+茶多酚0.25%;C组中草药超微粉0.25%十茶多酚0.5%;D组茶多酚0.75%和E组空白对照,并对各组猪生产性能、常规肉质、背最长肌组织学、肌肉化学成分和猪肉中呈味氨基酸含量及占氨基酸总量的百分比、各种脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量的百分比及胆固醇含量进行了测定。试验结果显示,B组日增重最高为743g;料重比最低为3.02:1;肉色鲜红及大理石纹评分最好;肌肉保水力强,剪切力值最低,为(1.56±0.22);肌纤维密度最大为349.90根/mm2;肌纤维直径最细,为(44.68±9.36)μm;肌大束间距最大,为(101.45±18.17)μm;干物质及脂肪含量最高;且呈味氨基酸和谷氨酸含量最高;并能提高必需饱和脂肪酸的含量,明显降低肌肉和脂肪中胆固醇的含量。这表明B组能显著提高生猪生产性能,改善猪肉风味,提高猪肉食用品质。  相似文献   

9.
江西地方鸡种肌肉氨基酸含量的测定与分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对泰和乌骨鸡、余干黑鸡、广丰白耳鸡、宁都三黄鸡、万载康乐鸡、南城五黑鸡、东乡绿壳蛋鸡、景德黄鸡等9个江西地方品种和以色列隐性白羽鸡的胸肌氨基酸含量进行了测定,结果表明:1.肌肉氨基酸总量在所测定的10个品种间存在一定的差异。其中以广丰白耳鸡的氨基酸总量最高(226.42mg/g),其次是宁都三黄鸡(213.81mg/g)、万载康乐鸡(212.14mg/g)。必需氨基酸的含量也是广丰白耳鸡最高(92.34mg/g),其次是景德黄鸡(88.79mg/g)、万载康乐鸡(88.57mg/g)和宁都三黄鸡(86.47mg/g)。因此可以认为广丰白耳鸡、宁都三黄鸡、万载康乐鸡、景德黄鸡等品种的氨基酸营养价值是比较高的。2.从测定的结果来看,似乎存在三黄鸡的氨基酸含量高于黑鸡的趋势,这其中是否存在沉积氨基酸与形成界色素之间有种内在联系,有待进一步研究。3.主要的鲜味氨基酸--谷氨酸以东乡绿壳蛋鸡的谷氨酸含量最高(33.21mg/g),其次是万载康乐鸡(30.45mg/g)和占白耳鸡(30.40mg/g),其含量与我国著名的优质肉鸡品种石歧杂的谷氨酸含量(32.16mg/g)相当或略高,表明这三个品种的鲜味较好。4.4肌肉中各种氨基酸的相对含量在不同品种之间存在一定的差异,其差异有些较大,有些则较小。但不同品种的氨基酸的组成具有一定的规律性和相对的稳定性,表现在所测定的10个品种都以谷氨酸的含量最高,占氨基酸总量的12%-17%,其次是天门冬氨酸、赖氨酸和亮氨酸,分别占7%-9%;含量较低的氨基酸有精氨酸、丙氨酸、脯氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、苏氨酸、甘氨 、丝氨酸、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和蛋氨酸,分别占3%-6%;色氨酸和胱氨酸的含量都很低,均在1%左右。  相似文献   

10.
为了解乌蒙乌骨鸡的肌肉品质,试验随机选取150日龄乌蒙乌骨鸡20只(♀10只、♂10只),按照国家标准方法屠宰测定胸肌的肉质性状、营养成分、脂肪酸及氨基酸组成。结果:乌蒙乌骨鸡肌肉肉色较好,嫩度及pH值适中;胸肌粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量分别为23.01%、1.78%,水分、Ca、Mg的含量较高,其他营养指标都较为适中;油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸共占11种总脂肪酸的93.2%,不饱和脂肪酸含量为71.21%,饱和脂肪酸含量为28.79%,必需脂肪酸含量为18.91 g/100 g;总氨基酸含量为75.73 g/100 g,其中必需氨基酸含量为30.51 g/100 g,鲜味氨基酸含量为29.24 g/100 g。结论:乌蒙乌骨鸡具有优秀的肌肉品质及脂肪酸、氨基酸组成,可作为优质肉食品加工的理想素材。  相似文献   

11.
This study was conducted to compare the contents of amino acids and fatty acids in the muscles of Nixi chickens and Wuliangshan Black-boned chickens.44 Nixi chickens and 44 Wuliangshan Black-boned chickens were chosen and breast muscle and leg muscle samples were collected to measure the content of 17 amino acids and 18 fatty acids. The results showed that the content of Glu in the muscle of the two kinds of chickens was the highest,followed by Asp and Lys, the lowest content was Cys. The essential amino acid (EAA) content and essential amino acid ratio (EAA/TAA) of Wuliangshan Black-boned chickens was extremely significantly higher than Nixi chickens (P < 0.01). However,the content of aromatic amino acids (especially Glu) was extremely significantly lower than Nixi chickens (P < 0.01). The fatty acids in the two kinds of chickens were mainly consisted of oleic acid, palmitic acid,linoleic acid,stearic acid and arachidonic acid,and the rest of the fatty acids were lower. The content of total fatty acid,polyunsaturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acid and essential fatty acid of Wuliangshan Black-boned chickens were extremely significantly higher than Nixi chickens (P < 0.01).  相似文献   

12.
试验旨在分析内蒙古生鲜乳中氨基酸含量、乳蛋白营养价值及其在不同地区的差异,为生鲜乳营养品质评定提供理论依据。选取内蒙古呼伦贝尔市、锡林郭勒盟、乌兰察布市、赤峰市、呼和浩特市、兴安盟、通辽市7个代表地区,采集同一季节70批次奶罐奶,用于分析内蒙古生鲜乳中17种氨基酸含量,并用FAO(2011)推荐的最新氨基酸评分模式评价乳蛋白营养价值,同时比较地区差异。结果表明:内蒙古生鲜乳中氨基酸总量为3.117%,其中谷氨酸含量最高(0.593%),其次是脯氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸,甘氨酸和胱氨酸含量最低(0.060%和0.061%)。内蒙古生鲜乳中必需氨基酸(EAA)构成比例及氨基酸评分均高于FAO/WHO理想蛋白质标准和模式。内蒙古不同地区生鲜乳氨基酸含量存在较大差异,主要表现为:与赤峰市生鲜乳中氨基酸含量相比,锡林郭勒盟生鲜乳中EAA、非必需氨基酸(NEAA)和总氨基酸(TAA)的含量优势明显(P<0.05),呼伦贝尔市生鲜乳中缬氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸的含量较高(P<0.05),呼和浩特市生鲜乳中亮氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和酪氨酸含量相对较高(P<0.05),其他几个盟市差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合上述试验结果,内蒙古生鲜乳中乳蛋白为优质蛋白,其中锡林郭勒盟、呼伦贝尔市和呼和浩特市生鲜乳氨基酸营养价值相对较高。  相似文献   

13.
为比较尼西鸡和无量山乌骨鸡肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸含量,选取尼西鸡和无量山乌骨鸡各44羽,测定胸肌和腿肌中17种氨基酸和18种脂肪酸的含量,比较分析其差异性。结果显示,尼西鸡和无量山乌骨鸡肌肉中谷氨酸含量均最高,其次是天冬氨酸和赖氨酸,含量最低的是半胱氨酸;无量山乌骨鸡肌肉中的必需氨基酸(EAA)含量和必需氨基酸/总氨基酸(EAA/TAA)均极显著高于尼西鸡(P < 0.01),而鲜味氨基酸含量(尤其是谷氨酸的含量)极显著低于尼西鸡(P < 0.01);这两种鸡肌肉中的脂肪酸均以油酸、棕榈酸、亚油酸、硬脂酸和花生四烯酸为主,其余的脂肪酸含量较低;无量山乌骨鸡肌肉中的总脂肪酸含量、多不饱和脂肪酸含量、不饱和脂肪酸含量和必需脂肪酸含量均极显著高于尼西鸡(P < 0.01)。  相似文献   

14.
为了研究不同羽色(白羽、麻羽、黑羽)静原鸡鸡肉的营养成分及其存在的差异性,以第5世代核心群的3个羽色(白羽、麻羽、黑羽)静原鸡为研究对象,采用直接干燥法、索氏抽提法、微量凯氏定氮法和国家标准GB5009.124—2016中氨基酸的测定方法分别对其胸肌、腿肌的初水分、脂肪、蛋白质、氨基酸含量进行了测定,并对其结果进行比较及分析。结果表明,白羽、麻羽、黑羽3个群体的静原鸡胸肌、腿肌的初水分含量分别为71.10%、70.35%、70.69%和72.14%、70.13%、72.08%,差异均不显著(P>0.05)。黑羽静原鸡的胸肌、腿肌脂肪含量分别为2.19%和3.12%,为三组最高,白羽静原鸡为最低。3个群体间麻羽静原鸡胸肌蛋白质含量(24.30%)最高,白羽静原鸡次之,黑羽静原鸡最低;3个群体间腿肌蛋白质含量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。3个群体鸡肉中氨基酸含量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。胸肌和腿肌中谷氨酸含量最高,天冬氨酸、赖氨酸、亮氨酸、精氨酸等含量次之。胸肌必需氨基酸、总氨基酸含量均是麻羽最高;腿肌必需氨基酸麻羽最高、总氨基酸含量白羽最高。该试验结果可为消费者购买静原鸡时的不同消费倾向提供参考。  相似文献   

15.
为研究饲养方式对淮南麻黄鸡肉质性状的影响,对20只62周龄的淮南麻黄鸡母鸡(笼养和放养各10只)肉品质和胸肌蛋白质、总脂肪酸、游离脂肪酸、水分和16种氨基酸含量进行了测定。结果表明,饲养方式对鸡肉pH、剪切力和腿肌肉色无显著影响(P>0.05),对鸡肉系水力和胸肌肉色影响显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)。放养母鸡鸡肉蛋白质、脂肪酸、游离脂肪酸和精氨酸含量显著或极显著低于笼养母鸡(P<0.05或P<0.01);水分、鲜味氨基酸谷氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸和天冬氨基显著或极显著高于笼养母鸡(P<0.05或P<0.01);人体必需氨基酸赖氨酸显著高于笼养母鸡(P<0.05),缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、组氨酸极显著高于笼养母鸡(P<0.01)。表明放养母鸡鸡肉肉质好,含有较多鲜味氨基酸和人体必需氨基酸,是较好的人体营养补品。  相似文献   

16.
试验探讨了桃金娘多糖对乳鸽生产性能和免疫功能的影响。将160只初生乳鸽和40对亲鸽平均分成4组,对照组补饲普通保健砂,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在普通保健砂中添加1%、2%、3%的桃金娘多糖。结果发现,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的乳鸽体重、日增重、脾脏指数、法氏囊指数、血清PO活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05);Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清溶菌酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验表明,桃金娘多糖可提高乳鸽生长性能,促进免疫器官生长发育,提高血清溶菌酶、PO活性,增强机体非特异性免疫;添加浓度以2%~3%为宜。  相似文献   

17.
1. The effects of dietary calcium, available phosphorus, amino acid and antibiotic supplements on the digestibilities of amino acids and growth of broiler chickens were investigated in two experiments. 2. The performance of chickens fed on diets containing high concentrations of calcium and available phosphorus was poorer with meat meal-based diets than with soyabean-based diets. Methionine supplementation improved the performance of chickens fed meat meal-based diets. 3. A high dietary content of calcium (25.9 vs 11.8 g/kg) reduced chick performance and the digestibility of glutamic acid, leucine and phenylalanine but increased the digestibility of lysine and histidine. 4. High dietary contents of calcium and available phosphorus (24.3 and 13.0 vs 11.8 and 4.0 g/kg) reduced chick performance and the digestibilities of most amino acids. 5. Antibiotic supplementation did not improve the performance of chickens, but increased the digestibilities of most amino acids in chickens fed on diets with a high calcium or high calcium and available phosphorus contents. 6. It was concluded that excess dietary calcium alone, or calcium and phosphorus together, reduced chick performance and the digestibilities of most amino acids. Growing chickens tolerated excess dietary calcium and available phosphorus better in well-balanced amino acid diets, such as soyabean meal or methionine-supplemented meat meal diets, than in poorly balanced amino acid diets, such as unsupplemented meat meal diets.  相似文献   

18.
Twenty pullets and adult chickens, aged 100 to 403 days, from several commercial chicken farms were examined by gross and histopathology. Grossly, all chickens had white-greyish masses in the visceral organs with or without enlargement of the peripheral nerves. Histopathological examination revealed Marek's disease (MD) lymphoma, lymphoid leukosis (LL) and myeloid leukosis (ML) in 14/20, 5/20 and 1/20 of the chickens, respectively. Lesions of the sciatic nerves in chickens diagnosed as having MD lymphoma were various. No neoplastic and/or inflammatory cells were noted in the peripheral nerves of chickens diagnosed as having LL and ML. These results indicated that MD lymphoma could also develop in older chickens; thus, microscopic examination is needed to identify MD in older chickens showing lymphocyte-derived tumours.  相似文献   

19.
本试验旨在比较寿光鸡、固始鸡和罗曼蛋鸡在舍饲与林地放养混合模式下蛋品质及肉品质的差异。选取90日龄寿光鸡、固始鸡和罗曼蛋鸡母鸡各120只,每个品种鸡设4个重复,每个重复30只,在舍饲与林地放养混合模式下采用常规基础饲粮饲喂至180日龄。结果表明:罗曼蛋鸡与寿光鸡、固始鸡相比,蛋重显著升高(P0.05),而蛋黄颜色、蛋白高度和哈氏单位显著降低(P0.05)。寿光鸡和固始鸡的蛋中锌、硒、钙、蛋白质和脂肪含量较罗曼蛋鸡显著升高(P0.05),肌肉中脂肪和蛋白质含量也较罗曼蛋鸡显著升高(P0.05)。寿光鸡、固始鸡肌肉的滴水损失率、剪切力显著低于罗曼蛋鸡(P0.05),肉色显著高于罗曼蛋鸡(P0.05)。寿光鸡和固始鸡肌肉中甘氨酸、谷氨酸、异亮氨酸和鲜味氨基酸含量显著高于罗曼蛋鸡(P0.05)。总之,寿光鸡和固始鸡的蛋具有大蛋黄、高蛋白,且营养元素丰富,而罗曼蛋鸡的蛋含水量较高,蛋白质品质较差;寿光鸡和固始鸡的肌肉较罗曼蛋鸡具有较长货架期,且肌苷酸和氨基酸含量高,肉质鲜嫩,营养丰富;3个品种鸡中,寿光鸡和固始鸡的蛋品质和肉品质更佳。  相似文献   

20.
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation of maggot dry on meat performance,nutritional quality and flavor compounds of meat in Qingjiao Ma chickens.A total of 1200 Qingjiao Ma cocks at 35 days of age were randomly allocated to 2 groups with 4 replicates per group and 150 chickens per replicate.The chickens in control group were only fed the basic diet (without maggot dry),and those in the experiment group were fed basal diet supplemented with 3% maggot dry.The chickens in two groups were raised in the same conditions.At 70 days of age,eight cocks were randomly selected and slaughtered in each group.The results showed as follows:①The meat performance in control group and experiment group were all good,and had no significant difference (P>0.05).② Compared with control group,the crude protein contents of chest and leg muscle in experiment group were increased by 8.8% and 4.4% (P<0.05),respectively,and the amino acids (especially essential amino acid) contents were increased by 11.0% and 2.3% (P<0.05),respectively;The relative contents of nutmeg acid and pentadecane acid in chest and leg muscle of experiment group were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05).③ Compared with control group,the delicious amino acid content in chest and leg muscle were increased by 11.9% and 3.5%,respectively;the inosine acid content in chest muscle of experiment group was increased by 21.1%,The four kinds of special volatile flavor substances (dipentene,methoxyacetone,3-nonanone and isobutyl lactate) of meat in experiment group were obtained,and the flavour components of aldehyde and mushroom alcohol were higher than those of control group.Therefore,dietary supplementation of 3% maggot dry could increase the contents of crude protein,amino acids,delicious substance and volatile flavour compounds,and helped to produce chickens with flavor and nutritious meats.  相似文献   

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