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本文基于抽样调查获得的2014全年江苏省沿海刺网渔船的生产数据,对江苏刺网不同马力渔船生产习惯,包括时间和空间上的选择特征,进行了初步研究。分析结果发现,不同马力渔船生产时间有一定差别,多数渔船主要生产时间均在伏季休渔结束后;小马力渔船不仅伏休后出航率较高,年底出航也保持较高水平。江苏刺网渔业整体生产有明显的季节特征,年初1—3月出航船数处于全年最低水平;清明节后、伏休前4—5月,出现一个生产小高潮;休渔结束后出航船数为全年最高水平。不同马力渔船空间分布不同,小马力渔船外海水域分布相对较少,随着马力增大渔船生产水域往外海和往北方向水域生产的可能性更大。不同月份渔船空间分布不同,1—3月生产处于偏北、偏近海水域; 4—5月生产偏向外海,相对前期南北方向变化不大、仍处于偏北水域; 8―9月偏近海和北部水域; 10—12月向南和外海移动进行生产。另外分析渔船的生产能力与马力之间的关系发现,渔船马力大小与单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)之间存在着正相关关系,关系式为CPUE=5.3428e~((0.0062′Power)),该结果可以为江苏刺网渔船捕捞强度的评估提供重要参考。最后基于研究结果,针对刺网渔船时间和空间上的生产特征提出了相应管理建议。 相似文献
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帆式张网因其作业成本低、效率高、机动灵活等优点,成为江苏省海洋渔业的重要渔具之一,但因其对幼鱼资源的极大破坏,受到严格管控和限制。基于2014年江苏沿海帆式张网渔船的大样本随机抽样调查数据,对日产量及渔获物结构与渔场时空分布进行了分析。结果显示:江苏省帆式张网渔船生产水域相对集中于大沙渔场,个别月份会根据渔业资源变动,向南部、外海或近岸水域进行渔场拓展。渔船分布相对集中的水域,水深范围为30~50 m,所占比例超过50%。渔场范围在东西方向与南北方向的跨度呈此消彼长关系;渔船作业所覆盖的渔区数量与平均日产量之间存在负相关,当产量高时相对集中,产量低时相对分散。渔获组成随季节发生一定的变化,主捕经济鱼种资源时空变化是影响帆式张网渔场变动的主要原因。冬季和春季,帆式张网以小型中上层鱼类、小型虾类和经济鱼类幼鱼为主要捕捞对象;秋季,则以带鱼(Trichiurus haumela)、小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)和三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)等经济鱼种作为主捕对象。帆式张网作业对经济幼鱼的破坏严重,应进一步加强网囊网目尺寸的严格管理,... 相似文献
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为进一步了解江苏海域小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)时空分布特征及相关规律,根据2017——2018年共4个季度在江苏海域(31°45′N~35°00′N、119°30′E~125°00′E)进行的渔业资源调查数据,对该海域小黄鱼时空分布规律及生物学特征进行研究。结果如下:1)秋季与冬季小黄鱼经过夏季索饵育肥,平均体长(秋季103.04 mm,冬季96.20 mm)、平均体质量(秋季19.62 g,冬季16.35 g)均达到全年高值;春季样品性腺成熟度最高,36.1%的样本仍处于产卵期,冬季次之;摄食等级方面,春、秋季小黄鱼摄食等级高于夏、冬季;性比方面,4个季节及年度间雌雄比例变化不大且雄鱼数量多于雌鱼。2)江苏海域小黄鱼春季产卵场主要位于长江口以北邻近海域(32°00′N~33°15′N、121°30′E~122°15′E),夏季索饵场主要分布于大沙渔场南侧(32°00′N~33°00′N、123°00′E~124°30′E)及吕四渔场北部外侧海域(33°30′N~34°00′N、121°30′E~122°00′E),秋季索饵场位于连青石渔场东南侧海域(34°... 相似文献
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江苏近岸海域小黄鱼时空分布特征 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
根据2006-2007年4个季度机轮底拖网禁渔区线内侧及毗邻海域拖网专项调查数据,研究目标区内小黄鱼资源时空分布特征及相关规律。(1)江苏近岸海域小黄鱼产卵、索饵群体以南黄海群为主,东海群为次,黄渤海群影响甚微;(2)小黄鱼生物量高发生期为春、夏两季,夏季大幅高于春季,秋季高于冬季;(3)分布区随季节推移总体呈现北延趋势,而秋季至冬季北移迹象明显;(4)全年总体发生量,中南部的辐射沙脊群及邻近区域远高于中北部区域,但冬季则相反;(5)近长江口南部局部区域为南黄海群和东海群种群组成的混栖群体,四个季节生物密度稳定;(6)趋于性成熟群体春季陆续洄游至目标区产卵、孵化,幼体夏季在目标区出现较密集分布,但随时间推移幼鱼群体呈逐步分散趋势,目标区不是稳定的索饵场。 相似文献
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《海洋渔业》2017,(6)
根据2012~2016年1~5月在东台、如东、启东和海门4个监测区域的捕获数量和渔获规格,研究了江苏海域日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)苗的时空分布特征。结果表明:2012~2016年,江苏海域鳗苗主汛期为2~4月,各区域监测船在主汛期的2~4月捕捞数量占该年总捕捞数量的比例为61.96%~100.00%,平均为88.18%。东台、如东、启东三地鳗苗逐旬捕捞量分布形态5年均呈单峰型,而海门除2015年和2016年呈双峰型外,其余3年均为单峰型。单网月捕获数量均值最高的年份为2014年,最高的区域为海门,最高的月份为3月;最低的年份为2013年,最低的区域为如东,最低的月份为1月。白天苗量比夜间苗量高出约30%。江苏海域鳗苗全长平均为56.1 mm,体质量为95.14 mg。为实现江苏海域鳗苗资源可持续利用,建议将捕捞期调整为2~3月,在捕捞价值较低的1月以及处于鱼类繁殖季节的4~5月实施禁捕。 相似文献
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为了进一步研究南设得兰群岛附近海域南极磷虾集群时空分布特征,基于2019年秋冬季(4—7月)中国南极磷虾生产渔船声学调查及商业捕捞数据,从时空两个维度对南极磷虾集群中心深度、集群所处水深水温和集群形态进行了分析。结果显示,南设得兰群岛附近海域南极磷虾集群中心深度、集群所处水深水温和集群形态存在明显的时空差异。平均集群中心深度在4—7月总体呈递增趋势(变化范围为34.39~86.12 m),昼夜差异较小(P=0.325),峰值时段为日升阶段(sun rising, SRS)(64.06 m)和夜间(night, NIT)(65.32 m);平均集群中心深度低值区间为62.75°~63.75°S和58.25°~59.75°W,高值区间为61.75°~62.25°S和60.25°~61.75°W。平均集群所处水深水温在4—7月总体呈递减趋势(变化范围为-1.71~-1.50℃),昼夜集群水温差异明显,峰值时段为NIT(夜间)(-1.46℃)和暮光(evening twilight, ETW)(-1.4℃);平均集群所处水深水温低值区间为62.75°~63.75°S和61.25°~61.75°... 相似文献
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江苏省水库渔业发展较快。至1982年,全省水库可养面积47万亩,已养28万亩,水面利用率达60%。已建育种基地4,483亩,防逃设施220处;拥有各种船只429条、586吨位。1982年成鱼总产量述263万斤,比1981增长28%,是1978年的2.8倍。水库渔业总收入170万元,盈利22万元。今后只要充分挖掘小型水库的养鱼潜力,那么至1985年, 相似文献
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为研究和认识渔业生物群落结构和海洋生态系统在时间和空间上的变化特征和规律,实验依据2000年4个季度大面积定点底拖网的调查数据,利用海洋生态学研究常用的多样性指数,采用聚类的分析方法和空间投射的图示方法,对东海中、北部及黄海南部海域底层渔业生物多样性季节间的分布变化特征和规律进行了归纳,探讨了生物数量和重量季节变化不统一的可能原因,并分析了多样性与生物重量和数量之间的联系。结果显示,各季站点均可分成多样性水平高、中、低3个类群,各类群呈点、线和块状分布,且呈现中心、夹层和外层分别由高、中、低多样性类群构成的"三明治"结构或组合。各季"三明治"结构分布可能与渔业资源的生理周期洄游活动相关,结构中心水域可能对应多数渔业生物洄游活动主要范围。各季均出现高、低多样性类群直接相联、多样性呈现空间上跳跃性变化的水域,这些水域的资源生物量普遍相对较低,但一般都是毗邻生物量相对较高水域,其分布范围与毗邻相对高生物量水域的绝对生物量水平呈负向关系。春、冬季各类群对应生物平均重量和数量等级一致,而夏、秋季则不一致,这可能与各季渔业生物产卵、生长、补充等不同生命周期过程相关。不管重量还是尾数,多样性指数随生物量增加而下降的情形均多于增加的情形;多样性指数随生物尾数增加的正向关系明显高于与生物重量之间的正向关系。 相似文献
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C. A. Gray D. D. Johnson D. J. Young & M. K. Broadhurst 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2004,11(5):323-333
A scientific observer programme was used to quantify the composition and magnitude of discards in the gillnet fishery for dusky flathead, Platycephalus fuscus (Cuvier), in three barrier estuaries in New South Wales, Australia, during the 2001 fishing season. Regulations only permit the retention of legal‐sized dusky flathead and legal‐sized blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus L., and mud crab, Scylla serrata (Forskål); all other organisms were discarded. Sampling was stratified into two time periods; before and after 1 July 2001 which coincided with the increase in the minimum legal length (MLL) of dusky flathead from 33 to 36 cm total length (TL). Eighty one catches were sampled, yielding 38 finfish species and two portunid crab species. Legal‐sized dusky flathead were the most abundant organism captured, accounting for 23–47% by number and 34–54% by weight of the mean observed catch depending on the estuary and survey period, with a mean catch of 25–59 flathead weighing 13–25 kg per fishing‐night. Species composition and relative abundance of catches differed among estuaries, but not between sampling periods. Predominant bycatch species included legal and undersize blue swimmer crab, sea mullet, Mugil cephalus L., luderick, Girella tricuspidata (Quoy & Gaimard), bream, Acanthopagrus australis (Günther) and yellowfin leatherjacket, Meuschenia trachylepis (Günther). These five species accounted for 82% of total bycatch by number and 71% by weight, pooled across the three estuaries. More crabs were retained than discarded, with retained legal‐size crabs (byproduct) accounting for 16% of total bycatch by number and 13% by weight, with an average of 5–22 crabs weighing 1–6 kg being caught per fishing‐night, depending on the estuary. Overall, 7% of dusky flathead captured (number) were below the MLL of 36 cm and discarded, suggesting the nets as currently configured may be relatively selective in catching legal‐size flathead. However, 41% of dusky flathead were <40 cm TL, indicating that if the MLL for this species is increased to this length as proposed, new nets must be introduced into the fishery. The findings are discussed in terms of making the flathead fishery more sustainable, including alternative management strategies for the fishery. 相似文献
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根据我国2010—2019年南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)捕捞渔船的生产资料,分析了南极海域48渔区南极磷虾渔场的分布特点,采用重心迁移轨迹模型和标准差椭圆(SDE)模型探讨了南极磷虾的渔场变动特征和规律。结果显示,南极磷虾捕捞量主要集中在48.1亚区,占比为70.30%,48.2亚区和48.3亚区的产量相差很小,占比分别为14.28%和15.42%;年间单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)曲线上升,最小值为2012年,最大值为2019年;月间CPUE先增后降,最小值为1月,最大值为6月。48.1亚区的年间和月间渔场重心均往西南方向移动;48.2亚区年间的渔场重心东移,但移动范围较小,月间规律不强;48.3亚区年间渔场重心南移,月间渔场重心向西北移动。经SDE分析可知,48.1亚区渔场分布范围最广、离散程度最大,48.3亚区渔场方向性最强、向心力最明显。48.1亚区渔场重心主要分布于布兰斯菲尔德海峡,48.2亚区渔场重心分布于南奥克尼群岛东侧,48.3亚区渔场重心分布于南乔治亚群岛东北侧。聚类结果表明,48.1亚区年间渔场重心均较为集中,48.2和48.3亚区除2017年外,其他年间渔场重心较为集中。 相似文献
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We studied the phenology and spatial and temporal dynamics of larval fish abundance with light traps from 5 locations along the length of Luxapalilia Creek, a partially channelized warmwater stream in northeastern Mississippi over 2 spawning seasops (March through August 1992 and 1993). The dominant, early spring spawners were catostomids (early-April to late-May) and darters (mid-March to early-June) whereas summer spawners were mainly cyprinids (mid-May to August) and centrarchids (late-May to August). The relative abundance of larvae collections differed based on: 1) site, 2) location, 3) date, 4) year, and 5) in larval stage. Total numbers of larvae and CPUE were high in mid- to late summer in downstream locations in both years when: 1) temperatures were high, 2) water velocities were low, and 3) depths were shallow compared to upstream locations. More mature larvae (meso- and metalarvae) were more common in the downstream locations whereas less mature larvae (yolk-sac and protolarvae) were more abundant at the upstream locations. The downstream channelized portion of Luxapalila Creek resembled a lentic habitat with littoral zones characterized by slow water velocities, shallow depths, fine sediments, and vegetation. Larvae of darters (Etheostorna and Pcrcina), which require gravel bars and swift currents, were not collected in great numbers downstream, although members of the Ictiobinae (Carpoides and Ictiobus), cyprinidae and centrarchidae (Lepomis spp., Pomoxis spp. and Micropterus spp.) were more abundant downstream than upstream. This suggests that the natural, upstream locations acted as sources of larvae for the channelized downstream location. 相似文献
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Ledhyane Ika Harlyan Takashi Fritz Matsuishi Mohammad Faisal Md Saleh 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2021,28(2):126-137
Malaysian fisheries employ multiple measures to improve management; however, not all are well-suited to the multispecies fisheries. As part of a pilot project, an individual quota system was introduced for the purse-seine fishery off the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia (ECPM), but no assessment of this particular measure nor the feasibly of its implementation has been confirmed. Therefore, this study analysed spatial and temporal patterns of purse-seine fishing, by collecting catch composition data per landing and its fishing ground within three period fishery surveys between August 2017 and September 2018 at six different landing sites. Similarity and cluster analysis examined species composition and diversity to determine the feasibility of implementing a single-species quota system in this multispecies fishery. Some overlapped of indices results and minor difference in catch composition were found due to changes in spatial and temporal fishing activities. However, no specific spatial or temporal patterns were discernible as structuring the fishing grounds used by purse-seiners. The absence of patterns, using the available data, might be attributable to huge species aggregations and widely distributed and homogenously mixed fish stocks. Thus, it is likely impractical to manage species individually in such a multispecies fishery. 相似文献
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基于SELECT模型的南海金线鱼刺网选择性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为研究流刺网网目尺寸对金线鱼(Nemipterus virgatus)的选择性, 2008年5月于南海北部渔场用网目尺寸分别为40 mm、45 mm、50 mm、55 mm和60 mm的刺网进行了共同捕捞试验。在SELECT(Share Each LEngthclasss Catch Total)模型的架构下, 用Normal、Gama 和Bi-normal概率模型拟合刺网对金线鱼的选择性, 根据赤池信息指数(Akaike's Information Criterion, AIC)值评价并选出最佳拟合模型。结果表明, 试验共捕获金线鱼185尾, 金线鱼众数体长随网目尺寸的增加而增大; Gama的估计分隔模型AIC值在所有模型中最小(466.55), 将其作为最佳拟合模型; 刺网对金线鱼的相对作业强度(Pi)大小顺序依次为40 mm60 mm55 mm45 mm50mm; 40 mm、45 mm、50 mm、55 mm和60 mm刺网对体长150 mm金线鱼的选择率分别为98.39% 、80.94% 、39.30% 、13.70% 和3.87%。该研究认为将50 mm作为金线鱼刺网的最小网目尺寸不足以达到保护渔业资源的目的, 建议将南海区金线鱼刺网最小网目尺寸增加到55 mm。 相似文献