我省部分城市、地区近期畜产品价格情况

2009年8月份,我省各类主要副食品市场零售价格总体运行相对稳定,其中猪肉和鸡蛋价格小幅回升,鸡肉价格和鲜牛奶价格平稳。预计9月份副食品价格仍将以盘整为主,猪肉价格有望继续小幅回升。     

我省部分城市、地区近期畜产品价格情况

近期我省副食品市场供应充足、需求稳定,禽畜产品价格基本维持在高位平稳运行,但受生产资料价格不断上升、养殖成本居高不下等因素影响,短期内价格仍难以大幅回落。预计后期我省肉禽蛋奶价格仍将保持相对稳定。     

我省部分城市、地区近期畜产品价格情况

2009年9月份,我省各类主要副食品市场零售价格总体小幅上升,其中猪肉和鸡蛋价格继续小幅回升,鸡肉价格稳中略涨,鲜牛奶价格保持稳定。预计10月份我省副食品价格仍将维持盘整上升的走势。     

我省部分城市、地区近期畜产品价格情况

由于市场供应充足、需求减弱，2009年3月份我省零售市场上主要副食品价格延续2月份走势继续小幅走低，肉禽蛋奶价格均持续下滑。     

我省部分城市、地区近期畜产品价格情况

受供应充足、需求清淡影响,2009年4月份,我省零售市场上主要副食品价格延续2月份以来的盘跌态势,肉禽蛋奶价格均持续走弱。     

今年以来广东市场猪肉价格先扬后抑

<正>据省价格监测中心监测,2010年1-5月,我省猪肉等主要副食品市场价格前升后降,1-2月份加速上升,3-5月份逐月回落。与去年同期比,猪肉价格小幅下降,禽蛋价格小幅上升,总体价格水平与去年差异不大。预计下半年我省猪肉价格或将逐步回升。1基本价格情况1.1猪肉价格先扬后抑     

我省部分城市、地区近期畜产品价格情况

2009年1月份，由于“元旦”和“春节”双节同月，受需求拉动影响，主要副食品消费量明显增长、价格稳定攀升。猪肉价格继2008年12月走势持续上涨，家禽蛋奶零售价格均小幅上扬。     

元月份山东畜产品及饲料价格信息分析

1月份，我省生猪类产品价格出现小幅下滑；蛋鸡生产发展稳定，活鸡价格稳定，西装鸡价格小幅上涨；草食动物产品价格略有波动；各种饲料粮和配合饲料中，除肉鸡配合饲料小幅上扬外，其余价格均有一定回落。     

广东省生猪生产发展总体规划和区域布局（2008—2020年）

随着我省经济快速发展和社会的进步，生猪产业化进程显著加快，传统农村养殖模式正逐步向标准化、规模化、产业化养殖模式发展。与此同时，生猪生产与土地资源、水资源、生态环境及经济发展之间的矛盾日显突出，直接影响了生猪产业的进一步发展。为贯彻落实《国务院关于促进生猪生产发展稳定市场供应的意见》（国发（2007）22号）、省政府《关于采取有力措施促进我省生猪发展稳定市场供应维护副食品价格稳定的通知》（粤府明电（2007）27号）及国土资源部、农业部《关于促进规模畜禽养殖有关政策的通知》（国土资发（2007）220号）等有关文件精神，促进我省生猪产业科学发展、和谐发展，     

猪肉大涨价的联想

今年4月份以来，我国各地生猪及猪肉价格出现不同程度的上涨，其中一些大中城市价格涨幅较大、上涨过快，引起了全国上下的密切关注，以至于温家宝总理在百忙之中，亲临生产第一线调研生猪生产、市场供应和价格情况。至于这次猪肉价格上涨的主要原因，可谓众说纷纭。国务院办公厅《在做好猪肉等副食品生产供应保持市场稳定工作发出的通知》中指出主要原因有三条：一是受生猪生产周期性波动影响；     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

Evaluation of serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism and results of radiography as indicators of severity of osteochondrosis in foals

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis.